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Electoral districts in Prague: proportionality vs. efficiency of governance
Drašar, Michael ; Brunclík, Miloš (advisor) ; Jüptner, Petr (referee)
Diploma thesis focuses on one of the most important variables of proportional electoral systems - electoral districts. This problematic is researched in the context of municipal elections to the Prague City Assembly. In the Czech municipal electoral system this variable can be changed very flexibly and in Prague we can find three variations of electoral districts. The aim of thesis is to explore these variants of electoral districts from the point of proportionality and efficiency of governance. The topic is researched in three cases of municipal elections in Prague in 2010, 2014 and 2018. In the introduction of diploma thesis two research questions are defined. The first part is theoretical, and it is focused on the municipal electoral system in the Czech Republic, electoral district in the theory of electoral systems, variants of electoral districts in Prague and academic debate about proportionality and efficiency. Results of three researched elections are analysed as well. The analytical part of thesis is focused on models of seats distribution in accordance with electoral districts. In the conclusion results are evaluated and compared. Research questions are answered in this part as well.
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Analysis: Liberal Democrats electoral debacle in 2015 general election
Kodat, Martin ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
This work is an analysis of Liberal Democrats election debacle that this party suffered in general election 2015. Analyisi itself consist of two two areas. First of them is voting system FPTP and its impact on small political parties - under representation. Based on quantitative analysis of those constituencies where Liberal Democrats were defending their seats and lost. Result of this analysis proves that voting system FPTP is one of the reasons why Liberal Democrats suffered such an election debacle. As a reset of underepresentation, Liberal Democrats lost more constituencies then they would have, if different voting system was applied. Second part of this analysis focus on Liberal Democrats manifesto and its key points - tuition fees and electoral reform. These are two typice liberal issues which were emphasize during election campaign, yet weren't included in coalition agreement. By using polls results, I analyse how these issues had an impact on Liberal Democrats when they were debated in house of commons in case of tuition fees, and during referendum on electoral reform. Polls results prove that voters turn away from Liberal Democrats when these two issues were in headlights.
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Electoral Engineering at Local Level in the Czech Republic: Case Study of Prague, Olomouc, Ústí nad Labem, Most
Kuchařová, Milena ; Lisa, Aleš (advisor) ; Němec, Jan (referee)
The master's thesis deals with local elections in the Czech Republic from the point of view of electoral engineering. Theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the elections, electoral systems and variables of electoral systems. The main variables are electoral district magnitude, electoral formula, legal threshold and the number and character of tier districting. The thesis then describes issue of gerrymandering and malapportionment from the theoretical perspective. The next part of the thesis deals with legislative framework of the local government elections from 1989 including rules and problematic characteristics of current electoral law for electing members of municipality. Empirical part of the thesis analyses local elections in the Czech Republic and results of the elections between 1994 and 2014. In the last chapter, division of the territory into electoral districts is assessed with an emphasis on principle of equal weight of votes and degree of proportionality. Comparison was carried out by using two indices of proportionality, Loosemore and Hanby index and D'Hondt index.
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