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Health economics: What heals us and what kills us
Janovský, Stanislav ; Houdek, Petr (advisor) ; Misic, Viktorija (referee)
This study deals with the health production function. It analyzes the impact of health care, socioeconomic, lifestyle and environmental factors on the mortality and life expectancy of the population of the Czech Republic. The analysis is made by linear regressions with time series data for the period from 1993 to 2011. Health care is measured by health care expenditures or by non-monetary indicators, the number of doctors and the consumption of pharmaceuticals. The results show that higher health care expenditures increase the mortality and reduce life expectancy. On the other hand higher number of doctors and higher consumption of pharmaceuticals improve the health status of the population. It may indicate inefficiency and corruption in health sector. Important factors that positively influence health are wealth, education and fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking affects health negatively. The results suggest that health care policy should focus not only on effective allocation of health care expenditures but also on lifestyle and socioeconomic status of the population. The limits of this work are short time series which don't allow the use of the lagged explanatory variables.
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Health insurance and additional insurance above standard care
DUBSKÁ, Linda
We could define healthcare as a system of specialized medical institutions and activities that focus on public health care and are used to meet the healthcare needs of the population. The main source of healthcare funding is health insurance that covers approximately 77 %. Health insurance is based on Article 31 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms and it is based on several principles. About 3.8 % of the costs from the state budget goes to healthcare. Private resources are another source of funding, including regulatory fee, additional charge for medicines and dental products and recently introduced additional charge for above-standard services. The share of the participation of the insured persons is low and it is only the additional form of the funding. However, its importance is increasing nowadays. Healthcare is also funded by other resources which are marginal only and they account for negligible 1 % of income. These include charity donations and charitable contributions Healthcare funding is currently a problem with global dimensions. This is mainly due to the progress and new medical technologies as their offer exceeds the economic capacity of all countries. The reform of Czech healthcare was performed to ensure the financial stability of the system and keeping costs at an acceptable level. One part of the reform efforts is rationalization of healthcare demand using the introduction of the regulatory fees and thus obtaining new resources, too. The reform also introduced the so-called above-standard services, i.e. economically more expensive healthcare alternatives, which are supposed to obtain more private resources into the system. Czech Republic citizens can use basic healthcare funded by statutory health insurance and also the above-standard services for which they must pay extra money. These include for example the possible use of higher quality materials necessary for the treatment (economically more expensive health care alternative), your choice of physician - surgeon, above-standard equipped rooms during hospitalization etc. If the insured person chooses economically more expensive alternative, he is legally obligated to pay the difference between the prices of this alternative and economically cheaper alternative. The list of the above-standard services currently contains 18 items and should continue to grow. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to summarize the current legislation of this issue and in particular to determine whether the respondents are willing to use the supplementary insurance to receive above-standard services. There is outlined the historical development of health insurance, health insurance principles and its institutional provision in the theoretical part. The attention is paid to the expenses that flow to the Czech healthcare and there is briefly described healthcare systems functioning in selected countries for international comparison. Conclusion of the theoretical part contains information about the above-standard services issue and about the attitude of the Czech insurance companies to the option of additional insurance of this healthcare. The practical part of the thesis is a critical examination of the interest of the insured persons to in using the above-standard healthcare and furthermore whether the respondents consider the possibility of a private insurance for the event of excessive cost needs and what forms and types of healthcare they prefer. Data were collected using the quantitative research and querying method. There were set 3 research hypotheses.
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Analysis of health care system in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Randová, Jana ; Maaytová, Alena (advisor) ; Láchová, Lenka (referee)
The thesis examines health care system in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. In the beginning there is characterised the United Kingdom and its present structure of health care system including assessment of individual functions of system's parts. Then there are analysed sources of finance and their development between 1999 and 2009. The thesis continues with analysis of expenditures where is traced their development between 1999 and 2009 including international comparison. Next there are introduced methods of financial resource allocation into segments of health care system. In the last chapter there are pointed pros and cons of British health care system out and chosen certain components for application in Czech Republic.
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The health insurance system in the Czech Republic and neighbouring countries
Pinkeová, Jana ; Bílková, Diana (advisor) ; Löster, Tomáš (referee)
Thesis introduces the health insurance system in the Czech Republic and neighbouring countries. Currently the health insurance and health care itself is a very widely discussed topic, and that's why it is appropriate to analyze the total expenditure on health care, and the receipts and expenditures of the health insurance companies. By the help of the time series and smoothing by a suitable trendy function there are estimated individual expenditures and receipts in 2010, which have not been published yet. In the last part we compare the Czech Republic with neighbouring countries, how much they pay for health insurance, which is shown in the simple example, and how much they must pay at the doctor's.
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The analysis of the health systems in the Czech Republic and Slovakia after the year 1993
Eliašová, Mária ; Maaytová, Alena (advisor)
The work deals with the analysis of the health systems in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in terms of the development of health care expenditures from 1995 to 2006. Attention is also focused on the characteristics of the health system, especially concerning the providing of health care assistance and its financing. The aim of the analysis is not to evaluate the effectiveness of the system, but rather to bring a picture of how the indicators of both countries which came out of one system have been developing and changing. The thesis includes the demographic structure of the population which plays an important role in the changes in the volume of funds spent on health care. Last but not least, the work points out the most significant changes in the health care reform to the year 2006.
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Zdravotní pojištění v České republice a ve vybraných zemích
Lněničková, Kamila ; Bílková, Diana (advisor) ; Vaculík, Josef (referee)
Hlavním cílem mé diplomové práce je analyzovat zdravotní pojištění v ČR a vybraných zemích. Zaměřila jsem se na problematiku výdajů na zdravotní péči a soukromé zdravotní pojištění. V první kapitole jsem se zaměřila na zdraví obyvatel a faktory, které zdraví obyvatel determinují. V druhé kapitole jsem charakterizovala jednotlivé druhy zdravotního pojištění. Třetí kapitola je věnovaná zdravotním pojišťovnám v ČR, především specifickému postavení VZP. Ve čtvrté kapitole se věnuji zdravotnímu pojištění v ČR. Kladla jsem velký důraz na soukromé zdravotní pojištění v ČR. Na praktickém příkladě jsem demonstrovala výpočet předepsaného pojistného konkrétních produktů. Poslední kapitola charakterizuje fungování zdravotního pojištění v Německu, Nizozemsku a Belgii.
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Zdravotní politika v České republice
Benešová, Lucie ; Stočková, Olga (advisor) ; Mertl, Jan (referee)
Obecná část diplomové práce se zabývá vymezením základních pojmů souvisejících se zdravotnictvím (zdraví a péče o něj, zdravotnické služby, zdravotní politika a zdravotnictví), zdravotnickým systémem a jeho typologií, možnostmi financování a úhrad zdravotní péče. Analytická část je věnována českému systému zdravotnictví, výdajům na zdravotnictví v ČR a možným návrhům na zlepšení situace.
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