|
|
Reprodukční a užitkové vlastnosti dojnic
Leznová, Sára
The aim of the bachelor thesis was to evaluate the reproductive and useful properties of dairy cows. The work deals with the comparison of performance parameters and reprodu-ctive properties of milked cattle. The first part summarizes the basic reproductive indica-tors. The next part of the thesis discusses milk and its content of components and its qua-lity, which is followed by the chapter on milk productivity. The production and consump-tion of milk is evaluated in the work both within the Czech Republic and worldwide. In the practical part, the following reproductive indicators were evaluated: Insemination in-terval, service period, insemination index and intermediate period. The level of selected reproductive and utility indicators was analyzed for individual groups of dairy cows ac-cording to the season in one year.
|
|
|
Analýza hospodaření vybraných ekologických farem
Peichlová, Zuzana
The diploma thesis analyzed selected production and reproduction factors in Czech Fleckvieh cattle. The data was obtained from three organic farms and one conventional farm for comparison. The owners wished to remain anonymous. The data was collected from the utility inspection records and zootechnical evidence from the years 2020, 2021, and 2022. From the production indicators, the following factors were monitored: daily yield, number of lactations, fat content (%), protein content (%), somatic cell count (thous./ml), number of born and raised calves, and culling rate (%). From the reproductive indicators, the following factors were monitored: insemination index, insemination interval, service period, intercalving period, and pregnancy after first insemination (%). The findings indicate that the production indicators on organic farms are not the worst, and the conventional farm only has problematic somatic cell counts and numbers of born and raised calves. Reproductive indicators show better values on organic farms, while the conventional farm reports worse indicators.
|
|
| |
|
|
Analýza úrovně výživy a vybraných kvalitativních ukazatelů produkce mléka
KAZDA, Miloslav
The diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of the nutritional level of dairy cows and its influence on selected qualitative indicators of milk production. The aim of the work is to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the impact of feed ration and its composition on the quality and quantity of milk production, with an emphasis on identifying optimal nutritional conditions for achieving the highest utility and ensuring good health and living conditions for dairy cows. In the first part of the work, a theoretical review of current knowledge about dairy cow nutrition and milk quality was carried out, focusing on energy and nutrient needs of dairy cows, quality and optimal representation of feed, individual phases of lactation, milk quality, microbiological and hygienic value of milk, and factors affecting its quality. In the second part of the work, an analysis of the nutritional level in the selected breeding was performed. Mixed feed rations and individual components contained in them were evaluated here. Furthermore, utility and qualitative indicators of milk (fat content, protein, lactose, somatic cells, and total number of microorganisms) were assessed.
|
|
|
Hoof disease in dairy cows
NOVOTNÁ, Michaela
The bachelor's thesis is focused on a globally problematic topic, which is hoof disease in dairy cows. The theoretical part discusses the anatomy and physiology of the thoracic and pelvic limbs, as well as the influences that affect the structure and diseases of the hoof. Infectious and non-infectious hoof diseases and prevention are also written in this chapter. In the practical part, the number of sick dairy cows and types of hoof diseases were monitored in the company AGRA Březnice a.s. 804 cows were monitoredover a period of three years, from January 2018 to December 2020. During this observation, it was found that dermatitis and ulcer diseases of the hoofs are the most common in breeding. Hoof disease affects around 50 % of dairy cows in all lactations. In sick cows, milk yield is reduced.
|
|
|
Analýza vybraných užitkových parametrů prasat v podmínkách ekologického chovu
Klementová, Kateřina
This work deals with the analysis of useful methods in organic pig farming, in the first parts there is a literature review of the topic, which presents the basic principles of organic pig farming - feeding, stables. The literary wish is characterized by the Přeštice black-spotted pig breed. The second part thesis consists of monitoring the farm itself, where the analysis of useful data of the Přeštice black pied pig breed. In this part of the diploma thesis, the data of reproductive performance of sows are analyzed and statistically evaluated, then the growth ability of pigs from birth to slaughter is statistically suitable. At the end of the work, the evaluated data are presented, it is further proved that this is a reduction of problems and other measures for the development of organic farms and organic pig farming on this farm.
|
|
| |
|
|
Hodnocení faktorů ovlivňujících ekonomiku produkce mléka
Nastasyuk, Iryna
This thesis deals with the evaluation of various factors that affect the economy of milk produc-tion. First part is focused on the factors that influence the quantity and quality of produced milk and its monetization. The following part describes the situation on the market in Czech Republic and Ukraine. The basic datas, presented in this thesis, about the market in Czech Republic and Ukraine are: cattle population, productivity of dairy cows, production of milk, prices on milk, consumption of milk and dairy products and influence of the state on milk production.
|
|
|
Vliv kvality kukuřičné siláže na mléčnou užitkovost dojnic
BRÁCHA, Daniel
With the ever-increasing demands on milk yield, it is necessary that the present feed is of the highest quality and contains the required nutrients. To fulfill these requirements, the bulk feeds produced, especially maize silage, must be healthy and of the highest quality. The bachelor thesis was divided into two parts. In the first, thus theoretical part, are generally discussed about the silage process and related terms, such as ensilability or silage. However, the majority part of it is devoted to technological silage processes. Following these processes means healthy and high-quality feed. These processes include mainly covering, compactining, filling silage pits and more. From a qualitative point of view, it is important to control the dry matter content, the length of the cut and the degree of grain crushing. Failure of following the recommended the optimal values may mean a degradation of the fermentation process or the occurrence of undesirable microorganisms in the final feed. In a result, the utility and reproductive properties are worsen. The health of the animals may also be worsen. Preservatives can be used to improve the fermentation process and keeping constant aerobic stability during feeding. The end of the theoretical part is devoted to nutrition and feeding techniques of dairy cows, specifically mixed feed ration (TMR), rumen fermentation and milk yield. The practical part was carried out on a dairy farm in Pernarec, which is part of the Úněšovského statku a.s., which agricultural in the northern part of Plzeň. Here were evaluated the annual milk yields and the factors that influence them. The majority part is devoted to the analysis of corn silage and the preparation of TMR. Next were evaluated the qualitative composition of silages and the precision of TMR preparation in relation to the economics of milk production. The possible effect of the weather on milk yield and quality of corn silages was also taken account. Monitored and evaluated were data in the years 2018 - 2021.
|
|
|
Vyhodnocení vztahu stájového mikroklimatu, užitkovosti a úhynu z vybraného chovu prasat
KOPIC, Pavel
The diploma thesis consists of a literature review specializing in pig breeding from a legislative, but also a physical view of the stable microclimate with its effects on the performance and health status of pigs for fattening. In the company Mavela Dynín a.s. with the operation in Mazelov, these data were gradually ascertained in the hall divided into two parts (by the pond, by the road). Ammonia concentrations, relative humidity, temperature and their effect on pig death. From the measured data, arithmetic averages of ammonia concentration and air flow were calculated, which determined the mass flows of the pollutant in mg.s-1 in and out of the stable. Neither side exceeded the emission limit, which is 3.6 kg NH3 ks-1 rok-1. In the first stop at the pond, the average temperature was 19.2 ° C, the average humidity was 58.5 % and the average ammonia concentration was 3.9337 mg.m-3. The total mortality under these conditions was 122 pieces. On the side of the road, the average temperature was 19.8 ° C, the average relative humidity was 61.3 % and the average ammonia concentration was 3.4398 mg.m-3. Under these conditions, the death of 148 pigs was found. In the second stop, the average temperature on the side of the pond was 20.3 ° C, the average relative humidity was 66.88 % and the average ammonia concentration was 3.8057 mg.m-3. The total death on the side of the pond was 64 pigs. On the road side, the average temperature was 20.9 ° C, the average relative humidity was 67.62 % and the average ammonia concentration was 3.3196 mg.m-3. The total death on the side of the road was 94 pigs. The results show that pigs in breeding thrive more in the summer months (second stop) in the part of the pond. This is most likely due to the higher temperature around 20.5 ° C and the relative humidity around 67 %. In the second stop, the mortality is 59 % lower than in conditions with lower temperature and relative humidity. The company should take from these data that a wetter and warmer environment is more favorable for pig farming. With respect to this knowledge, he will have more than half as efficient breeding. The specific production of ammonia and the concentration of ammonia in the air are very burdensome for the environment, and therefore limit values are issued, according to which every company should follow. In the case of the Mazelov plant, these values were not exceeded.
|
guest ::
