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Signální teorie a najímání práce
Machač, Filip
The thesis aims at the role of signals and their influence on the decision making of employers and/or recruiters as to who will pass the CV round to further rounds of the tender. Thesis focuses, among others, on explanation of the signal theory and its applicability to hiring labour. Using econometric methods hypotheses about the influence of individual signals on decisions of recruiters were tested. Results suggest that stastically significant signals are education, practise, language skills, formal language, age, sex and marital status.
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Asymetrie informací na pojistných trzích
Kalhaus, Ondřej
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of asymmetry of information in relation to the insurance markets. The first part of the thesis defines the basic concepts and identifies the types of asymmetry of information on insurance markets and the possible consequences of their effects. Next part of this thesis deals with the description and analysis of selected methods and tools, which can be used to reduce the influence or consequences of asymmetric information. An analysis that examines the impact of selected factors on the volume of gross claims is also part of the thesis. The last part of the thesis evaluates the achieved results and presents proposals for further reduction of asymmetry of information on insurance markets.
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Too sovereign to fail
Bergerová, Tereza ; Šíma, Ondřej (advisor) ; Pour, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor thesis aims on a comparison of market and government failures. There are many causes of market failure. In this thesis, there are described externalities, monopoly, public goods and asymmetric information. Government failure may be caused by many factors, this work focuses on bureaucracy, lobbyists, rent-seeking and political and economic cycle. All these causes of market and government failures are shown on real instances. One chapter discusses a real case called H-System, which perfectly shows the compatibility of market and government failure. Very important is the comparison of the default of a government and a firm as well. When a firm goes bankrupt, it does not exist anymore. On the contrary, if a state defaults, it still exists. A state is too sovereign to fail - it is too strong, powerful and irreplaceable to fail.
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Regulation of the Tobacco Market
Prosečová, Kristina ; Zeman, Jiří (advisor) ; Filipová, Alena (referee)
The Diploma Thesis deals with the regulation of the tobacco market. The first part is dedicated to the theoretical view on regulation. It describes the historical development of the different points of view on regulation within economic schools, then it characterizes different types of market failure and within those it shows possible solutions in form of regulatory measures. The second part of the diploma thesis deals with tobacco and tobacco products market. In this chapter the current situation on the market is analyzed and some trends are derived, the chapter also deals with the largest producers of tobacco products nowadays. The last chapter deals with current tobacco control legislation. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and current European tobacco control legislation are looked at in detail and there is a comparison conducted of the level of tobacco market regulation in different parts of the world. The last part of the thesis delivers the evaluation of the level to which the current tobacco regulation is in line with the economic theory of regulation.
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Public Support for Applied Research and Development from the Perspective of selected Business Entity
Novák, Karel ; Musil, Martin (advisor) ; Krbová, Jana (referee)
This thesis analyses the causes of states interventions in the market environment and the risk associated with them, in particular with the state support of research and development. There are several types of support, each of them has benefits on the one hand and inducted costs on the other one. The thesis assesses the benefits and inducted cost of the various types of state support of research and development from the perspective of the company Vyzkumny ustav organickych syntez. In the case of this business entity there is the economic analysis performed and the decision rule for the most appropriate aid derived. At the same time thesis tries to find how to increase efficiency of the government support.
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Ekonomická analýza loudness war
Vilím, Tomáš ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis determines whether the loudness war phenomenon has an effect on the success of individual songs on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Presented theoretical part introduces this rather technical problem to economists, an insight is provided into the distribution chain of music recordings as well as into the decision-making of consumers. The key factors determining the chart position are identified following the research of existing theory and are used to create an ordinary least squares model designed to answer the question mentioned above. Results of this model falsify the hypothesis that higher level of dynamic range compression leads to a better chart position. The loudness war is identified as a market failure.
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Speculative bubbles in financial markets
Roček, Jindřich ; Brada, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kubát, Max (referee)
The bachelor thesis explores the phenomenon of speculative bubbles in financial markets. The aim is to define possible causes of speculative bubbles, and specify circumstances under which they can be prevented. The first chapter explains the essence of the examined phenomenon. In the following chapter, two theoretical approaches to the formation of asset prices in markets are explained, the efficient market theory and behavioral finance. The third chapter analyses causes, coarse and collapse of each individual bubble. The work uses twelve samples of asset price bubbles from history to meet the objectives. The final chapter examines the influence of government intervention and monetary policy on the formation of bubbles and proposes stemming recommendations for the responsible authority. The considerable complexity of the phenomenon and a large number of factors influencing price movements means that bubbles cannot be quantified ex ante. Given the current market conditions it is reasonable to expect further occurence of asset price bubbles in financial markets.
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Management of enterprise services
REK, Martin
This thesis is called "Management of enterprise services" and it analyzes the management of Capital Company producing services in the public interest. We assess development costs, revenues, assets and sources of financing of the company. The theoretical part of the thesis consists of a general description of the classification of the capital company in the national economy and justification of its existence, meaning and relationship to its founder. In the practical part of the thesis we provide concrete data about the company, characterize its activities and present a horizontal and vertical analysis of its statements. Based on the results of the practical part we define positive and negative factors affecting the financial results of the company. With negative factors solutions are suggested to improve the results of the company.
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Smoking in restaurants: consumer sovereignty and market failure
Červinková, Kristýna ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Slaný, Martin (referee)
Bachelor thesis aims to uncover the possible causes of market failure on the Czech market hospitality. By presenting several hypotheses is described by the behavior of the supply-side and demand-side, resulting in a discrepancy between existing high demand for smoke-free restaurants and lagging supply. Verifying the validity of these hypotheses using analysis of available research and own field research; thesis attaches the share on the form of the current situation to both sides, but also to their interaction. Behavior of customers provides distorted signals, so the owners are not sufficiently motivated to make a major step towards change.
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Science and Research as an Important Positive Externality
Novák, Karel ; Musil, Martin (advisor) ; Krbová, Jana (referee)
The work focuses on the issue of research and development funding from public resources, mainly on the project funding of applied research. The aim of the work is to describe some aspects, which were brought to this area by Science, research and innovations reform approved by the Czech Government on 26th March 2008. Public intervention in this area is discussed in terms of the basic economic theories. The efficiency of public funds spending is discussed in terms of the cost-output-quality output-benefit chain. The part of the work is a comparison of the state funding of the applied research and development in the Czech Republic and other countries. The work tries to find some connections between changes in the way of assessing research quality and direction of financial flows in this area.
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