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The existence of EGAP in relation of market and state failures (costs and benefits of EGAP for Czech Republic)
Pýcha, Mikuláš ; Mandel, Martin (advisor) ; Havlíček, David (referee)
Diploma thesis focuses on an issue regarding the state interventions into market economy and provides the explanation, how does different economic ideas approach this issue and whether they support or deny the state interventions. It focuses in detail on support that is provided towards exporting companies. Czech Republic has two export credit agencies, firstly Export Guarantee and Insurance Corporation (EGAP) and secondly Czech Export Bank (CEB). This diploma thesis analyses only EGAP´s structure and quantifies the impact of its existence on Czech economy. In a first part we analyze historical evolution of ideologies that deals with state interventions and market failures in connection with support for exporters. It continues by description how international institutions like WTO or OECD work. Rules for export credit agencies, which summarize Consensus OECD, are closely analyzed. From this point forward the practical part begins to focus on EGAP´s structure. Firstly we describe the mechanism of support through the specific insurance products for exporters, following by analysis of uncommon structure of premium rate. The diploma thesis presents EGAP´s different approach in areas of regulation, structure of shareholders and uncommon risks insuring from regular commercial insurance company. In the last part we describe the procedure of evaluating the output of EGAP´s support for its whole existence. The analysis measures the profits and losses in related areas that were supported by EGAP´s insurance products. Mainly these areas are following: Accumulated loss of EGAP, The amount of profit amongst supported exporters, The amount of profit amongst financing banks and in the end the analysis of the positive impact on the unemployment in Czech Republic. The result should show, how convenient is for government to possess such an institution, especially nowadays when all developed countries do own similar institutions.
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Trust and Environmental Regulations
Hlaváček, Jan ; Geuss, Erik (advisor) ; Macháč, Jan (referee)
This thesis analyzes impact of social trust on environmental regulations stringency. Negative effect is suggested. Thesis documents that, in a cross section of countries, there is no evidence of such an effect. On the other hand, there is evidence of positive impact of GDP per capita and level of education.
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Competitive trends on the market with mobile services in the Czech Republic at the beginning of the 21st century
Knollová, Veronika ; Císař, Jan (advisor) ; Munzi, Tomáš (referee)
Diploma thesis analyzes market with mobile services in the Czech republic. Goal of the thesis is to answer the question, if chosen solution by Czech Telecommunication Office is optimal for increase of competition on the market. Theoretical part firstly is concerned with state interventions (and so licensing) from the point of view of well-known economists. Secondly, then the historical process of telecommunications in United States and in Europe is outlined. Finally, legislation and its current changes are mentioned . Practical part introduces market using Porter's model of five competitive forces, PEST analysis and SWOT analysis. Special chapter is dedicated to foreign mobile markets in chosen countries (in Germany and France) and compares them to the Czech one. Empirical and theoretical data doubts that the effective competition on the market can be achieved by licensing and so auctions.
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Government Interventions during the economic crisis
Čapek, Ondřej ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; Bič, Josef (referee)
The main goal of the diploma thesis is the analyse of government interventions during the economic crisis and the evaluation of the efficiency on the example of the economy of Unites States of America. The thesis is divided into three main parts: Part I is a theoretical approach to the interventions and focuses on the impact of monetary and fiscal tools. Part II analysis the fundamental background of the crisis with the empasis on unique circumstances. Part III is the longest shows the real interventions on the example of USA and analysis the success of them. At the very end of the thesis is a comparison of the interventions with the European Union.
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Revitalization of the financial markets from the perspective of government anti-crisis interventions
Pešková, Zdenka ; Křížek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kuklik, Robert G. (referee)
The thesis dwells on the state interventions that governments and central banks had to implement in relation to the recent financial crisis and that were focused on stabilization and revitalization of the financial sector. The most attention is dedicated to anti-crisis interventions and the subsequent development in the United States. The first part explains the principles of banking regulation, the main causes of the crisis and the way it spread. The second part illustrates the concrete anti-crisis measures - extraordinary liquidity facilities, bailouts of leading financial institutions, distressed assets buyout, quantitative easing, etc. The third part then, with the aid of market indicators, analyzes the restoration of the standard functions of financial markets and presents an overall assessment of the effectivity and the risks of the realized interventions.
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Impact of the American mortgage crisis on the economy of Czech republic
Roháč, Michal ; Kalínská, Emílie (advisor) ; Černá, Iveta (referee)
The diploma thesis clarifies main causes of the mortgage market meltdown in the USA as a starter to the global financial problems. The objective of the thesis is to analyze the American mortgage and housing market price bubble according to the views of the Austrian school of economics, which claims that problems were caused by inappropriate intervention of the U.S. Federal Government, Federal Reserve System and other government institutions in the markets. Furthermore, the thesis criticize the actions and measures taken by the U.S. government to stabilize the economy, which only seeks to alleviate the consequences, not to prevent the causes. Last chapter of the thesis analyze the impact of the subsequent financial crisis and global economic downturn on financial market, real economy and international trade of Czech republic.
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Economics - Sociological aspects of beggary
Ondrušková, Kateřina ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (referee)
The diploma theses will be about the problematics of "beggary" and his relationship to various forms of criminality, homelessness and drug addiction. Baggary can be concieved as a certain work substitute, which is apriori executed because of gain. My goal is to make analyses of posssible overlap between beggars and persons receiving social security benefits. Findings of services for reintegration of baggers to the labour market will be included. I will use a method to available statistic data comparision with own empirical observation. The observation was made during my short term attachment at Občanské sdružení Naděje Praha with the help of their employees. Aim of this work is analyses of contemporary labour policy arrangement. Theoretical basis of the thesis will be comparison of main stream economics with austrian school (Hezlit, Rothbard, Mises).
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The evaluation of an impact of subsidies on a prosperity and calculations of agricultural companies in the czech republic
Šimek, Jan ; Šoljaková, Libuše (advisor) ; Halíř, Zbyněk (referee)
The principal aim of this thesis is to investigate the possible impacts of governmental interventions on the agricultural sector in the Czech Republic in order to propose possible deductions and identify possible gaps. Focus will be placed on the research results of a selected group of companies. Firstly, the most significant subsidies are outlined along with a brief overview of their acquisition. This is followed by an analysis of ratios and correlation coefficients of accounting information obtained from concrete agricultural companies in order to pinpoint possible connections with the aforementioned subsidies and their consequential governmental impact. Thesis also summarizes discussion between economists and offers its own logical deductions and explicates results of the analysis dealing with questionable topics.
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Banking regulation: Market mechanism as a solution
Šabatka, Juraj ; Dvořák, Petr (advisor) ; Daňhel, Jaroslav (referee)
This paper aims to find an optimal regulatory system for banking industry. In its first part, it analyzes main sources of banking crises throughout 20th and 21st century. In the second part, it proposes a regulatory system and its tools. Analysis is based on understanding of incentives of market participants, regulators and their interactions. Regulatory tools are assessed in terms of efficiency, i.e. examining their consequences for the economy. This paper is based on an idea that despite unquestionable flaws, market mechanism is the best tool to organize an economy and its industries.
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