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Non-energy uses of lignite
Zedníčková, Petra ; Taraba, Boleslav (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the meaning of coal and it's utilize. It is especially concentrated on lignit and it's utilize out of energetic sector. Lignit constitudes geologicly youngest type of coal and belongs to caustobiolits , which is solid with various degree of coalification of original phytomasa. Degree of coalification is situated between peat and lignit. Lignit is characteristic by clearly well-kept structure of wood. Exactly this relative youth of lignit is reason for it's interesting qualitative indexes, in which belongs especially it's natural sorptive ability and quite high volume of humic acids. Both of these characteristics cohere together, because humic substances will certainly be main reason for sorptive characteristics. Coal, in comparing with other natural material, is by it's structure very complicated mixture of both organic and inorganic substances in various states of matter. It is matter of heterogenous system of macromolecules, which is structured of microscopicly distinguishable and chemically various substances. It can be composed of organic components or work as mineral admixture.
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Development of non-energy use of lignite
Macháčková, Mirka ; Sedláček, Petr (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of non-energetic use of lignite. The use as a sorbent is one of many possibilities. Sorption of chloride and sodium ions was carried out on natural lignite from the South Moravian, lignite washed with deionized water and lignite enriched with calcium ions. The experiments were realized monitoring pH, electrical conductivity, amounts of sodium and chloride ions in the prepared samples. Chemical oxygen demand was determined in the extract of lignite. This measurement was carried out in accordance with norm ČSN 83 0540-8 Chemical and physical analysis of waste water: Determination of dichromate oxidability. For use in agriculture were investigating the possibility of preparation of humic hydrocolloids by high speed dispergator and planetary mill. The ideal ratio of lignite and water was determined. The liquid and solid humic hydrocolloids were prepared by mechanochemical activation the lignite. These were characterized - particle size, UV-VIS spectroscopy of prepared extracts and sedimentation.
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Reducing emissions of SO2 in the flue gas from the fluidized bed boiler
Tesař, Jan ; Jecha, David (referee) ; Brummer, Vladimír (advisor)
Aim of this thesis is to design a technology of a flue gas desulphurization of fluidized bed boiler. Currently, the state of technology is not able to provide flue gas desulphurisation to required level. For this reason it is necessary to build additional device for the desulphurisation. Theoretical part of the thesis deals with the emission limits of sulphur dioxide, available methods of desulphurization and sorbents suitable for the desulfurization. In practical part conditioned dry sorption method is chosen for the specified source, technological and structural design for suggested desulphurization technology including design of all device is proposed. The thesis also includes a technology design and a 3D model.
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Reducing emissions of SO2 in the flue gas from the fluidized bed boiler
Tesař, Jan ; Jecha, David (referee) ; Brummer, Vladimír (advisor)
Aim of this thesis is to design a technology of a flue gas desulphurization of fluidized bed boiler. Currently, the state of technology is not able to provide flue gas desulphurisation to required level. For this reason it is necessary to build additional device for the desulphurisation. Theoretical part of the thesis deals with the emission limits of sulphur dioxide, available methods of desulphurization and sorbents suitable for the desulfurization. In practical part conditioned dry sorption method is chosen for the specified source, technological and structural design for suggested desulphurization technology including design of all device is proposed. The thesis also includes a technology design and a 3D model.
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Development of non-energy use of lignite
Macháčková, Mirka ; Sedláček, Petr (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of non-energetic use of lignite. The use as a sorbent is one of many possibilities. Sorption of chloride and sodium ions was carried out on natural lignite from the South Moravian, lignite washed with deionized water and lignite enriched with calcium ions. The experiments were realized monitoring pH, electrical conductivity, amounts of sodium and chloride ions in the prepared samples. Chemical oxygen demand was determined in the extract of lignite. This measurement was carried out in accordance with norm ČSN 83 0540-8 Chemical and physical analysis of waste water: Determination of dichromate oxidability. For use in agriculture were investigating the possibility of preparation of humic hydrocolloids by high speed dispergator and planetary mill. The ideal ratio of lignite and water was determined. The liquid and solid humic hydrocolloids were prepared by mechanochemical activation the lignite. These were characterized - particle size, UV-VIS spectroscopy of prepared extracts and sedimentation.
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Non-energy uses of lignite
Zedníčková, Petra ; Taraba, Boleslav (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the meaning of coal and it's utilize. It is especially concentrated on lignit and it's utilize out of energetic sector. Lignit constitudes geologicly youngest type of coal and belongs to caustobiolits , which is solid with various degree of coalification of original phytomasa. Degree of coalification is situated between peat and lignit. Lignit is characteristic by clearly well-kept structure of wood. Exactly this relative youth of lignit is reason for it's interesting qualitative indexes, in which belongs especially it's natural sorptive ability and quite high volume of humic acids. Both of these characteristics cohere together, because humic substances will certainly be main reason for sorptive characteristics. Coal, in comparing with other natural material, is by it's structure very complicated mixture of both organic and inorganic substances in various states of matter. It is matter of heterogenous system of macromolecules, which is structured of microscopicly distinguishable and chemically various substances. It can be composed of organic components or work as mineral admixture.
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Multiple Sulfidation/Regeneration Cycle Tests for Advanced Fuel Conversion Process by 20 wt%Fe2O3/Al2O3 Sorbent
Huang, C.Y. ; Chyou, Y.P. ; Svoboda, Karel
In this study, 20 wt%Fe2O3/Al2O3 was used as a sorbent to perform multiple sulfidation/regeneration cycle tests in a fixed-bed reactor under simulated hot syngas conditions. The physical properties of sorbents were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), BET, and SEM/EDS. ICP-AES results indicated that the composition of metal oxide was close to the theoretical value. Multiple sulfidation/regeneration cycle tests showed that the 20wt%Fe2O3/Al2O3 can be regenerated and thus reused after the oxidation process. Due to the sulfidation reaction, colour change of the 20 wt%Fe2O3/Al2O3 sorbent was observed, from the original red to black. After six sulfidation-regeneration cycles, the sulfur capacity of the sixth cycle remained approximately on a level of 68% of the sulfur capacity in the first cycle. The BET analysis showed that the surface area decreased as the cycle number increased. The sulfidation-regeneration cycles were coupled with endothermic-exothermic reactions, which probably caused sintering of the sorbent, decreasing its surface area and sulfur capacity.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22014082908321 - PDF
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