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Accuracy of Personal Glucometers
Kroulíková, Markéta ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Sekora, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis deals with accuracy measurement of personal glucometers. The theoretical part is focused on processing information about glucose and its role in organism, diabetes mellitus, procedures and devices used in self-monitoring of glucose. The next part is focused on preparation of practical part, especially describing available personal glucometer, testing its measuring accuracy, the calculation of necessary measurements to perform the experiment and a description of the reference sample for data measurement.
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Weight Predictor
Kaiserová, Iveta ; Kádě, Ondřej (advisor) ; Šefc, Luděk (referee)
The incidence of obesity is rising worldwide, and one of the major challenges in its treatment is sufficient motivation to persist in the therapeutic process. The factors determining the success of a reduction attempt are also not entirely clear. Therefore, the aim of the "Weight Predictor" project is to develop software that predicts weight change over time in response to lifestyle interventions, and the aim of the thesis was to define the factors influencing weight reduction by testing two hypotheses: "Younger patients reduce their weight more easily than older patients." and "A cooperative patient reduces their weight more easily than a non-cooperative patient." The daily weight, diet, and steps of 29 patients were collected via mobile and web apps, and body composition was measured at regular nutritional consultations. The collected data were processed through exploratory and correlation analysis. Due to insufficient number of records, two patients were excluded from the analysis of daily records and three patients from the analysis of body composition. First hypothesis was not confirmed, while correlation analysis indicated a higher success rate in older patients, which can be explained by the positive correlation found between age and self-monitoring (r = 0.45, significant at p < 0.05). For...
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The role of a nurse at client's home in self-monitoring.
ADAMČÁKOVÁ, Marta
The bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of the role of the nurse in monitoring at home. It deals with the correctness of performing home measurements in the patient's homes. This work points out the important activities of the nurse, leading to the improvement of the results of home measurements. The work provides a view of the nurse on activities in the field of self-monitoring, but also a view of the experiences, needs and expectations of patients. The theoretical part focuses on the definition of self-monitoring, its proper implementation, the need and the most common use in Czech medical practice, focused on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of chronic diseases. It defines and approaches the diseases that are most often associated with self-monitoring performed by the patient in the home environment. Interviews with nurses and patients revealed their view of the nurse's activities, leading to quality results, thanks to a well-performed home self-assessment of the patient. The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to map the activities and knowledge that are needed to fulfill the role of the nurse in self-monitoring in the patient's home environment. In order not to skew the results of the survey, patients were also invited to interviews. The survey showed that nurses working in specialized clinics perform their activities at the best level of all the nurses interviewed. The quality of the nurses from these outpatient clinics was confirmed by the knowledge and overview of the interviewed patients visiting specialized outpatient clinics. Furthermore, the research shows that nurses working in general practitioner surgeries do not sufficiently ensure the individual needs of the patient in the field of education, learning and information in the field of self-monitoring. Interviews with nurses from hospital wards and hospitalized patients have shown that nurses do not perform self-monitoring activities at home during the hospitalization of a patient diagnosed with hypertension or diabetes mellitus. These are activities such as education, providing information, measuring practice and more.
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Telemedicine as a means of strengthening the role of patients
Špalek, Jakub ; Dobiášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Kotherová, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on how physicians perceive the use of telemedicine and information and communication technologies (ICT) in their practice. The work responds to the situation associated with covid-19, which has had an impact on increasing of ICT and telemedicine in healthcare. The aim of this work is also to find out how physicians can strengthen the role of patients in the physician-patient relationship and whether ICT or other digital technologies help them with this. The whole theoretical part is devoted to the relationship between physician and patient, where the shift of medical care from paternalism to consumerism is reflected and the theoretical concepts of patient centered care and patient empowerment are presented. The research data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with 9 physicians who are in regular contact with their patients and have at least minimal experience with the use of ICT in their practice. The interviews were then analyzed using a thematic analysis, which showed that telemedicine and ICT contribute to strengthening the role of patients. Keywords telemedicine, patient centered care, patient empowerment, ICT, self-monitoring, paternalism, consumerism, physician-patient realtionship Title Telemedicine as a means of strengthening the role of patients
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Accuracy of Personal Glucometers
Kroulíková, Markéta ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Sekora, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis deals with accuracy measurement of personal glucometers. The theoretical part is focused on processing information about glucose and its role in organism, diabetes mellitus, procedures and devices used in self-monitoring of glucose. The next part is focused on preparation of practical part, especially describing available personal glucometer, testing its measuring accuracy, the calculation of necessary measurements to perform the experiment and a description of the reference sample for data measurement.
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Impact of the disease on the socialization process
BOJKOVÁ, Alena
The work deals with the influence of diabetes mellitus type I on the socialization process of a child in a family, where the child grows up. It describes the treatment regimen, which results from small individual needs of the patient and the specifics due to the age of the individual periods. An important element of socialization is shaping attitudes towards leisure activities. Part of the education diabetic child is meeting the distinctive needs, treatment-related illnesses, to be able to gradually take responsibility for individual medical actions and compensated diabetes. The final section includes two case reports of diabetic boys.
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The Impact of Online Self-Monitoring Applications on Motivation of Users in Education Process
Sommerová, Zuzana ; Šisler, Vít (advisor) ; Fiala, Jakub (referee)
This thesis is examining in which way the quantified self approach can have the effect on motivation in the process of education. The aim of this thesis is to determine whether the usage of application which is tracking and recording the study progress can have the influence on motivation of users and moreover, to evaluate the most effective motivational techniques used in these kinds of applications. Firstly, terms like motivation, self-regulated learning and the Quantified Self movement are clarified. Moreover, some of the researches from the field of tracking of educational and self-educational progress are described. Furthermore, various of motivational techniques are examined. In the part of the research, by the in-depth interviews it is examined the influence of the application Todait on the motivation of users and by the quantitative survey of questionnaire it is inquired what other functions would users prefer.
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The problems of self-monitored blood pressure
HEVEROVÁ, Jiřina
Basic theoretical background: The hypertension is a disease in which the blood pressure 140/90 mm Hg, and these values are measured at at least two of the three measurements. Arterial hypertension is one of the most common limit disease with a high prevalence in the adult population in industrialized countries. Aims of the thesis: The aids od the thesis was as to determine whether patients adhere to the principle of self-monitoring of blood pressure using a pressure gauge in the upper arm at home. Furthermore, to determine the most common mistakes patients during self monitoring of blood pressure using a pressure gauge in the upper arm at home. These targets were established research questions: Do they adhere to treating patients with hypertension guidelines for the measurement of blood pressure gauge in the upper arm? Are the errors existing in the measurement of blood pressure gauge in the upper arm? The last research question was: What mistakes do occur, the measurement of TK (gauge in the upper arm) in the home environment for patients undergoing treatment with hypertension most often? Methodology: The empirical part of bachelor work was done using the qualitative research, which was chosen for the data collection technique using individual semi-structured interviews, supplemented by observation in patients with hypertension that home blood pressure measurement using the upper arm a tonometer. The data were collected in March 2014 with respondents, who were selected using the snowball technique. The interview included a pre-prepared questions. Answers of respondents have been recorded in the recording sheet and the recording equipment. The observation was made an observation sheet with the criteria and then created a table below describes the criteria for assessing organizations. The group consisted of 8 respondents. There are four men and four women. The respondents were familiar with the questions in advance and the actual interview was recorded in writing and the recording equipment. All respondents agreed with the observation that took place before the interview. Results: The research results show that more than half of the respondents do not comply with dietary measures (see diagram 2). Another category was focused on the use of medication. Five of the eight respondents taking medications regularly Most respondents answered o the question regarding the occurrence of adverse effects that they do not have side effects.Only two respondents have indicated adverse effects (see diagram 4). The startling finding was that only half of the respondents were aware of adverse effects. In the category of blood pressure measurements showed that all except for the respondent 1, other respondents carried out to measure its pressure in the morning and 1 respondent plus two others measurements performed in the evening (see diagram 6). Each of respondent was asked different frequency measurement, only a few of the respondents agreed (see diagram 5).This category contained three subsections in which we dealt as the position of the respondents have the measurement of your blood pressure (see diagram 7) instead of measuring blood pressure of the respondents (see diagram 8) and the distance from the elbow cuffs well (see diagram 9). In the last category were identified principles that respondents know for correct measurement of blood pressure (see diagram 10). Conclusion: Arterial hypertension is a very dangerous disease, it is important to have this disease, at least partially controlled by measuring the blood pressure. It is important that all hypertensives knew and adhered to the principles for measuring blood pressure.The result of this work is to evaluate the most common mistakes self-monitoring of blood pressure, hypertensive who have committed in home care.This output should be used to assess and prevent further errors in the measurement of blood pressure, for possible patient education nursing staff.
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The issue of self monitored glycemia
ŠTANGLOVÁ, Radka
The blood glucose level is called a glycemia. The glycemia is reduced by using the insulin and increased by the glucagon, the cortizol, the growth hormone and the catecholamine. The glucose is produced in the intestines by some mechanisms. The glucose that is not used is stored in the liver and later it is released (Lébl, Průhová, 2004). The fundamental value is considered to be 3,3 6,6 mmol/l (Kapounová, 2007). The main aim of this work is if the clients are adequately educated on an importance of the self-monitoring of the blood glucose by their doctors. Another aim is to find out how their follow a procedure of the collection of the blood glucose. For determining the following aims were chosen these research questions: To what extent are provided information to clients? What a form are provided some information to clients? What is a procedure implemented by clients during a collection of the blood glucose meter? Do clients adhere to principles of the collection during taking the blood glucose with the blood glucose meter? What are frequent shortcomings in the process during taking the blood glucose?
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Verification of knowledge about self-management in patients with heart failure
VOJTĚCHOVÁ, Veronika
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a disease with increasing incidence, which requires an adequate and costly management. Repeated hospitalisations due to decompensated CHF contribute to disease progression and herald dismal prognosis. An important goal of heart failure clinics is reduction in number of hospitalizations due to decompensated CHF. The main approaches to reach this aim seem to be effective diagnostics and treatment of CHF, and importantly, education of patients and their families. We aimed to evaluate knowledge of CHF patients regarding self-care in secondary prevention of CHF. We constructed three hypotheses and three research questions to reach the goal of the project. The theoretical part described recommended life-style interventions, pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic CHF management, and specifically, the role of nurses in education of patients with CHF. The practical part described the methods of analysis, the study group and the process of evaluation. To fulfil the study goal, we performed collection of data using qualitative and quantitative methods of research. The qualitative part of the research project included a non-standardized questionnaire for patients with CHF. A total of 260 questionnaires were distributed in six heart failure clinics. 183 completed questionnaires were returned and analysed. The obtained data were evaluated using descriptive statistical methods. Pearson´s chi-test and Student´s t-test were applied to test the hypotheses. Collection of qualitative data was performed using the technique of a semi-structured interview based on pre-prepared questions. The study respondents included general nurses from out-patient heart failure clinics. Six of nine contacted nurse respondents agreed to participate. Answers were recorded on Dictaphone. Data were analysed using the method of "card display". The quantitative part tested the following hypotheses: 1. CHF patients know symptoms and signs of decompensated CHF. 2. CHF patients follow the life-style recommendations. 3. CHF patients perform daily self-monitoring of their weight, blood pressure and pulse. Our study revealed insufficient knowledge of patients regarding symptoms of possible CHF decompensation. This finding was alarming because suboptimal knowledge of symptoms of decompensated CHF may cause inadequate response of the patient and may delay initiation of treatment. Assessment of compliance with life-style measures revealed that most patients did not use tobacco products and had a limited alcohol consumption. Most individuals reported a regular use of heart failure medication and knew the timing of the next follow-up in their heart failure clinic. Life-style measures included also some dietary restrictions modified by the current nutritional status. Respondents preferred recommended food over inappropriate foodstuffs, however, they did not follow neither the salt restriction nor the optimal frequency of meals. Most respondents did not report a regular exercise A significant ignorance was found in the process of self-monitoring. Most respondents did not monitor their body weight, blood pressure and pulse. The qualitative assessment evaluated the following questions: 1. Do we educate the CHF patients appropriately? 2. Are we able as nurses to pass correct information to CHF patients? 3. How is the process of education implemented in practice? Based on the above mentioned methods, we found that the process of education is a domain of doctors. Nurses have only a limited role in education of CHF patients...
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