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The socioeconomic effects of microeconomic teaching
Štěpánová, Sára ; Červinka, Michal (advisor) ; Zeynalova, Olesia (referee)
The field of microeconomics has quite strong assumptions of rational and self-interested behaviour on which it builds its mathematical models. As such, it may be presented to the students of microeconomics as a norm and students may then behave more selfish in their decision-making, which would make the assumptions of microeconomics self-fulfilling. This study investigates whether the current teachings of microeconomics promote self-interest. It focuses on the influence that different forms of wording have on decision-making. It further compares students of economics and students of non-economic fields and inspects whether the exposure to microeconomics courses affects the decision-making of students. It replicates the experiment of Buchter (2020) and compares the results. The data was collected through three differently worded versions of an online questionnaire, randomly distributed among the students of the Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University, both from economic and non- economic fields of study. The results showed that wording is the most significant factor for the decision-making of individuals. Field of study or the number of semesters of microeconomics did not have a significant effect on the respondents choices. Year of study had some effect on the decision-making of respondents,...
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Self-interested individuals and social order in liberal thought
Kawada, Naoki ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
in English : Liberalism is one of the most prevailing political thoughts in modern society. It is often mentioned in connection with other social systems such as democracy and market economy. But what exactly are the main characteristics of liberalism? How has liberal thought developed in modern society? The main concern in this thesis is to describe the characters of modern liberal thought from the perspective of social contract theory and of some liberal thinkers who emphasize the self-interested (or rational) individuals. Social contract theory is the hypothetical equipment for thinking about individuality (basic feature of modernity) and social order. The purpose of the first part of the thesis is to describe how self-interested individuals agree with the establishment of a sovereign. At another part, by mentioning some liberal thinkers, I will discuss the possible spectrum of the rules of government in liberal thought. The spectrum could be explained as the result of different assumption of self-interested individuals and of legitimacy in society. In the whole thesis, I will focus on two elements in society: particularity and generality. Particularity means particular interests (self-interested behavior) of individuals and generality means general interests (publicness). In comparison of...
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Ethics as a Way to Sustainability in Banking?
Halamka, Radek ; Teplý, Petr (advisor) ; Polyák, Oliver (referee)
v Abstract This thesis proposes a theoretical framework for application of ethics in banking and analyses effects of such application on financial performance of banks. A sentiments-adjusted economic motivation enables employment of ethical concepts, such as universality and humanity, in economics as well as banking. Then, using Bankscope data of more than 80,000 bank-year observations for the years 2003-2013, it is shown that banks applying ethics have higher exposure to real economy and less volatile Return on Equity. A consequent analysis revealed that in comparison with their closest peers those banks have lower profitability caused by higher relative costs that conversely result in lower loan losses. JEL Classification A13, B12, B16, G21, Q56 Keywords banking, ethics, economic motivation, Smith, self-interest, sentiments, Kant, sustainability, Bankscope, banking business models, within- between model, profitability, volatility, ethical, sustainable, values-based, social Length 115 862 characters Author's e-mail radek.halamka@gmail.com Supervisor's e-mail teply@fsv.cuni.cz
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Ethics and economics
Tůmová, Jana ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (advisor) ; Zelený, Tomáš (referee)
Bachelor thesis called Ethics and Economics deals with two masterpieces of the founder of economic science, Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations and The Theory of Moral Sentiments. Research in fields of economy and ethics seems to be very distinctive nowadays, however it has not been the same case during the past. Nevertheless, Adam Smith was able to present both fields as interdependent. Sympathy as innate human emotion is the foundation for moral judgment by which we approve or disapprove actions of others. We also try to gain as favorable judgment of others as possible. In order to do so we follow some general rules. Only if people respect such rules and the justice can trigger any economic activity. Otherwise, for example in case of the lackness of trust between individuals, the human society might collapse.
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