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Analysis of the gender segregation development in the Czech labour market in the past decade
Dulovec, Adam ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Barák, Vladimír (referee)
Theme of this bachelor thesis is the current state of labour market segregation in the Czech Republic and its development in the past decade, as in the period after joining the European Union. The first part focuses on the historical context of mutual equality in society, the definition of some important terms and especially legislation on both Czech and European level. The practical part of the thesis is exploring the current state and development of the Czech labour market segregation. Based on the analysis of statistical indicators can be stated, that the range of gender segregation in the labour market in the Czech Republic, despite all the efforts to reduce the gender inequality and gender differences, increases. Significant impact on the labour market segregation has education. However it is not its highest reached level, but different choice of fields of study for men and women. This has an impact on deepening gender stereotypes and feminization or masculinization of some labour fields. The Result of this development is the difference in wages, due to the higher concentration of men in better-paid wage employment. The thesis also finds that the principle of equal pay for equal work is far from being fulfilled.
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Education of Roma children in elementary education system in the Czech Republic.
KUBÍČKOVÁ, Eva
This diploma thesis deals with a topic of Roma education in the Czech elementary education system. Aim of the thesis is to analyse current state of czech educational system in a relationship to Roma students, to point out the practice of segregation at elementary schools and to offer possible solutions. In the theoretical part there is a description of current situation of Roma minority in the Czech Republic. Through media information and proffesional papers I reflect escalated social situation and analyze most frequent disputes between Roma minority and majority. I present a reform of Roma children education as one of the priorities for Roma integration in the Czech Republic. I present current alternatives of elementary education of Roma students in the Czech republic and compare advatages of inclusion against segregation in education. The practical part focuses on didactical arrangments of multicultural education topics in 6. ? 9. grade. Educational project called ?Black sheep, white crows? is a realization of cross-sectional topic of multicultural education in civics and czech language. Focus of this educational project is to verify the functioning of education at an open elementary school, which uses inclusive education.
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Study of Influence of Segregated Impurities on Magnetism of Grain Boundaries and Free Surfaces in FCC Nickel and Cobalt
Všianská, Monika ; Vémolová, H. ; Šob, Mojmír
We present an ab initio study of segregation of 12 nonmagnetic sp impurities (Al, Si, P, S, Ga, Ge, As, Se, In, Sn, Sb and Te) at the Sigma5(210) grain boundary (GB) and (210) free surface (FS) in ferromagnetic fcc nickel and cobalt. We analyze their effect on structure, magnetic and mechanical properties. We determine the preferred segregation sites of the impurity atoms, their segregation enthalpies and strengthening/embrittling energies with their decomposition into the chemical and mechanical components. In this contribution, we focused on the influence of segregated impurities on the magnetic moments of neighbouring atoms, the changes in the density of states and why the magnetically dead layers may be present in nickel but not in the cobalt.
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Effect of segregated nonmagnetic sp-impurities on the properties of grain boundaries and surfaces in nickel
Všianská, Monika ; Šob, Mojmír
We present an ab initio study of segregation of 12 nonmagnetic sp impurities (Al, Si, P, S, Ga, Ge, As, Se, In, Sn, Sb and Te) at the Sigma5(210) grain boundary (GB) and (210) free surface (FS) in fcc ferromagnetic nickel and analyze their effect on structure, magnetic and mechanical properties. We determine the preferred segregation sites of the impurity atoms, their segregation enthalpies and strengthening/embrittling energies with their decomposition into the chemical and mechanical components. We find that the value of mechanical component is dependent on the type of the stable segregation position and is nearly constant in each period. On the other hand the chemical component changes strongly within each period and is determined by the electronegativity of impurity atoms. Magnetically dead layers found at the impurity segregated GB and FS are caused by a strong hybridization of sp states of the impurities with the d states of nickel.
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Status of women within business and entrepreneurship in the Arab world
Polláková, Simona ; Gullová, Soňa (advisor) ; Klosová, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis will deal with the status of women within business and entrepreneurship in the Arab world. The thesis addresses the development of Islam, women's rights and the situation of women in the workplace. It will also examine the status of women within the labour market of the Arab world. It touches on the demographic development of the Arab region, as well as health care and education. From an economic point of view, the thesis deals with unemployment in the region, evaluation of work and the contribution of women as workers. In addition, it discusses obstacles to women entering the labor market.
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Structure and magnetism of clean and impurity-decorated grain boundaries in nickel from first principles
Všianská, Monika ; Šob, Mojmír
We present a detailed theoretical study of segregation of sp-elements from the 3rd-5th period (Al, Si, P, S, Ga, Ge, As, Se, In, Sn, Sb and Te) at the Sigma5(210) grain boundary (GB) in fcc FM Ni. Whereas there is a slight enhancement of magnetization at the clean GB and FS with respect to bulk nickel (3–7% and 24%, respectively), the studied impurities entirely kill or strongly reduce ferromagnetism at the GB so that magnetically dead layers are formed. We determine the preferred segregation sites at the GB for the impurities studied, their segregation enthalpies and strengthening/embrittling energies. We find interstitially segregated Si and P and substitutionally segregated Al as a GB cohesion enhancer, and interstitially segregated S, Ge, As, Se and substitutionally segregated Ga, In, Sn, Sb and Te as GB embrittlers in Ni. As there is very little experimental information on GB segregation in nickel most of the present results are theoretical predictions which may motivate future experimental work.
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Ševc, P. ; Janovec, J. ; Výrostková, A. ; Svoboda, Milan ; Grabke, H. J. ; Viefhaus, H. ; Mayer, K. H.
The interfacial and microstructural studies after tempering and long-term aging (steels 9Cr1MoVNbB and 10Cr1Mo1WVNbN) and relaxation strength tests (steel TAF650) were performed. Transgranular cleavage was found to be prevalent fracture mechanism of samples impact fractured at about -100°C. Portion of intergranular facets on analyzed fracture surfaces was extremely low. Low GB concentration of phosphorus (below 1 at.%) was detected in all experimental states. No boron was observed in the AES spectra of the investigated steels.
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Processes of segregation in urban areas and its impact on town administration
Burešová, Lenka ; Kadeřábková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Jetmar, Marek (referee)
Bachelor thesis introduces the phenomenon of segregation which essentially falls into the category of worldwide social processes. For better understanding of the covered subject, particular terms which are directly or indirectly connected with segregation are explained. Thesis is divided into four chapters, covering both theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part describes segregation as an all-society phenomenon, including the reasons of its occurrence, classification and its impact as well. Another chapter of the theoretical part discusses segregation in the Czech Republic and more closely describes the occurrence and development of racial, residential and social segregation in the country. This chapter covers particular instruments used in the Czech Republic and evaluates its efficiency. Last but not least, thesis offers possible solutions applied in other European or Non -- European countries. Final chapter is dedicated to the practical part and observes the actual stage of segregation in the particular region in the Czech Republic, in the town of Svitavy. The aim of the thesis is to review the awareness of the Czech Republic in terms of the impact of segregation in future and analyse the existing politics in an effort to avoid segregation, reduce its impact or eliminate it.
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