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Stress in mothers on parental leave in relation to the risk of job loss
MELECKÁ, Renata
This thesis Stress in mothers on parental leave in connection with the risk of job loss deals with the issues of stress and unemployment phenomenon, as well as on the topic of employment of women, pregnant women and mothers, also on equal opportunities for women and men in the labor market, the systems of social security and on topics related to the return of mothers after maternity leave to the labor market. This work consists of two main parts - the theoretical and the research (empirical). The theoretical part deals with the above-mentioned problems and issues. The empirical part is focused on the research and descriptions of its results, where quantitative methods of data collection were use. For the purpose of this work the main target is a group of mothers on maternity leave. The data from respondents were collected using a questionnaire method. Collected data was then quantified using descriptive statistics. Two research questions and three hypotheses in total were defined. Hypotheses were statistically tested using statistical methods - ANOVA. The total number of 320 questionnaires from the target group was collected. To achieve the validity of the collected data and homogeneity of the sample, data collection was aimed exclusively at women, i.e. mothers on maternity leave from only the South Region. Aim of the work was to determine which group of mothers on parental leave more is more stressed mothers with a strong economic background or mothers with less strong economic background. Using a Likert scale was measured the extent of stress in mothers, who are not assured of having their job after returning from maternity leave. Using the above mentioned scale also was measured the stress in mothers on parental leave regarding their return to job and related duties, or finding a completely new job. Related to the results and testing, in the first hypothesis testing we found that mothers who do not receive any social security benefits, are more stressed than those mothers who receive benefits. Second hypothesis testing showed that mothers living with partners are less stressed than mothers who do not live with a partner. The third hypothesis testing found out that mothers on maternity leave, who are not assured of having their jobs after the maternity leave, are more stressed than mothers who have such certainty. From the results of the collected data was found out that most respondents are women aged twenty-five to thirty years, and women from thirty-one to thirty-five years. Mostly with the secondary school education (with graduation) and with university education. A large number of women working full-time and women cohabiting with a partner. A large majority of those mothers receives social security benefits. Also, a large number of women planned a combined parental leave with three years of geting the social security benefits. A considerable part of the interviewed mothers but also answered that along with the parental leave they do not have any another job. The results also showed that almost 80 % of respondents were not working at a leader position. Over 60 % of respondents are currently on parental leave with a child, a smaller part of the respondents with a second or third child. An interesting result is the fact that almost a half of respondents is planning another motherhood and nearly 60 % of them plan the second motherhood following the first one. The results of this research may lead to a consideration on the facts determined. For example, why most of the women do not work in a leader position despite their education. Or if women do really have such strong economic background to be able to continue with another parental leave. This work may help the women themselves, whether those planning to be a mother, expecting a child or having it already. Work can be as a basis or a handbook with an overview of the benefits of social security systems.
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Unemployment of Women in the Labour Market in Selected Region
ANOFREIOVÁ, Hana
The aim of this thesis is to describe the situation on the labour market in terms of women unemployment in the Region of South Bohemian. Women unemployment is compared with men unemployment. This work describes the influence of the discrimination of women in the labour market and also discusses why there is a discrimination of women in the labour market. The work also includes an analysis of trends and causes adverse situation of women returning to work after the parental leave and an evaluation of their options in the labour market. This work evaluates women unemployment and their options after returning from the parental leave.
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Formulace podnikatelského záměru vnitropodnikové mateřské školky
Mužíková, Helena
This bachelor thesis is about how to balance working and personal life. The the-oretical part describes the child care policies and how the gender roles influence the labour-market. There is given attention to employee' s motivation and management. In this part there are also described selected analysis instruments suitable for business plan processing. In the practical part I identified factors which influence parents' decisions to get back to work, legislative conditions concerning employees' childcare and its impact on the employer' s and em-ployee' s income tax.
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Effective Approaches to the Care of the Employees on Parental Leave
Kostrůnková, Barbora
This diploma thesis focuses on identifying the most suitable model of care for em-ployees on parental leave which would bring benefits both to the company and towards employees in European countris. Thesis is built on research within six member countries, Czech Republic, Germany, Austria, Sweden, Finland and Netherlands, and companies on those markets. The main aim is to find a recommendation for employee's care which is based on Scope planning model, along with the cost's analyses of the model. As a recommendation to ease the work-life balance while employee is on parental leave, company can establish its own childcare centre within the company's premises and offer the place for children to its employees. If the situation of such an establishment is not manageable for the company, the model of financial contribution to the private childcare centres can be implemented. In Czech Republic, where the situation is least developed, the most suitable model would be to allow flexible work time schedules become regular, along with the financial contribution to private childcare. Using the case study the benefits were proven. The company would lower its cost for employee and at the same time for stand-in employees the difficult employed people could be hired. The model is of course favourable for the employee on parental leave as well as he/she can come to work earlier and help the family budget. All of the models should be based on internal company's analyses and then customized to company's preferences and conditions to serve the purpose of better care of employees on parental leave. At the same time, national governments should be helpful in the process and lead the progress. The perfect example is the Nordic states where within the labour legislative the work-life balance issues are covered in order to embrace the current trend.
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Lifestyle of mothers on parental leave living in Třeboň region
BROŽOVÁ, Alena
This thesis deals with the lifestyles of mothers on parental leave, living in small municipalities in the Třeboň region. It maps various aspects of their lives such as leisure time, personal hobbies, activities with children, social contacts, the options for various activities at the place of residence, personal development, social support, and satisfaction with the current period of life. The thesis is divided into two parts a theoretical one and an empirical one. The theoretical part is divided into six areas the first one deals with the definition of the concept of family, with the ways families have evolved to their current form, and with its function. The second area defines parenting; it deals with the changes that childbirth brings to the family, with the needs of the child, with maternity and parental leave. The third area describes the ways of combining childcare and work; it focuses on the options of institutional care for children; it deals with gender stereotypes and division of work in the family. The fourth area defines the lifestyle and related concepts such as leisure time, ways of spending it and the lifestyles of mothers on parental leave. The fifth one defines a village, the Třeboň region; it deals with the social isolation of mothers living at villages. The sixth area describes the theoretical background; it focuses on the social support for mothers on parental leave and a socio-ecological model. At the beginning of the empirical part, the objectives of the thesis are defined. The cognitive objective is to find out how parenting affects the lifestyles of contemporary mothers on parental leave, living in small municipalities and what factors have an impact on spending their leisure time. The data was collected using the qualitative research strategy and the chosen technique was semi-structured interviews. The basic group consisted of mothers on parental leave, living in small municipalities boroughs Třeboň: Břilice, Přeseka, Stará Hlína, Nová Hlína, Holičky, and Branná. The research group members were selected using the 'snowball' method when the researcher selected one respondent and she recommended the others. A total of 15 women participated in the research. The records of the interviews were transcribed into text. In accordance with the research questions, ten categories were established: leisure time, hobbies before childbirth, hobbies after childbirth, social contacts, activities with children, options for activities in municipalities, deficiencies in municipalities, personal development, social support and satisfaction. The discussion compares the research results with the views of other authors dealing with the issue. The research showed that parenting affects fundamentally the lifestyles of mothers, especially in terms of leisure time, personal hobbies, self-fulfilment and personal development. In general, the conducted research makes it possible to put together a picture of ways mothers on parental leave live in small municipalities in the Třeboň region. It outlines the ways these women spend their leisure time and days with their families, what their needs, possibilities, wishes and relationships with the others are. Therefore, the objective of the thesis has been met. The thesis can be used as informative material for mothers-to-be, parents of small children, for students and, last but not least, for the staff at the public administrations of the municipalities concerned.
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The risk of the Czech labor market: Woman in the role of worker and mother
Jílková, Monika ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (advisor) ; Pícl, Michal (referee)
This thesis deals with the harmonization of family and professional life. Defines the Czech labor market risks for women with children. The aim of thesis is to research the current conditions affecting the status of women in the labor market and to propose measures to improve the status of women. The theoretical part will focus on the characteristics of the labor market risks. In the practical part, through an analysis of survey development opportunities for women in the labor market. The method of observation reveals shortcomings of the current family policy and the importance of the traditional concept of family. I evaluate the rationality of conduct of women and their perception of the human capital. Regression analysis finds if the level of education has an impact on women deciding when to start a family or how long to stay on maternity or parental leave. Comparison method compares labor market development in selected EU countries (Sweden, France) and the Czech Republic.
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Analysis of the Management of Maternity and Parental leave
Stroblová, Zuzana ; Šikýř, Martin (advisor) ; Palíšková, Marcela (referee)
The topic of this Bachelor's Thesis is to analyze the programs of the management of maternity and parental leave in three companies dealing with manufacturing, banking and telecommunications services. To assess the effectiveness, satisfaction and possible shortcomings of these programs in the care of the employee on maternity or parental leave, and if necessary, propose alternative solutions. The work is divided into a theoretical part where the explanation of the term maternity and parental leave, as well as an overview of major flexible forms of work and other ways to provide support for child care by the employer. The practical part describes the programs monitored companies and based on a survey evaluates these programs by the workers, discusses the return of workers to the labor market and active fatherhood
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Observance conditions of registration of nurse on maternity leave.
TRÁVNÍKOVÁ, Hana
Lifelong education and the related topic of meeting requirements for registration of nurses are hotly discussed. The main reason is the constantly changing conditions to register. The purpose is to provide quality nursing care provided by highly competent and educated nurses. Lifelong learning promotes high standards of professional practice. My thesis deals with meeting requirements for registration in nurses on parental leave. The research objective was to identify the most common problems in meeting requirements for registration in nurses on parental leave and to find the difference in meeting requirements for registration in nurses in the working process and nurses on parental leave. The purpose of my research was to confirm my hypothesis that for the nurses on parental leave it is more difficult to meet requirements for registration. For data collection a combination of quantitative and qualitative research was used. In the quantitative research I distributed 150 questionnaires, which were anonymous, to nurses in the districts of Český Krumlov and České Budějovice. 119 questionnaires were returned. In the qualitative research I addressed seven nurses on parental leave, whom I interviewed. The research has proved that nurses on parental leave have little information on educational events. And also, nurses on parental leave do not receive information about educational events from their employers, they cannot take part in those events and do nor get any financial contributions. Nurses on parental leave miss babysitting at educational events. Nurses in the working process can participate in educational events organized by the employer and they also receive financial contributions for educational events. All the nurses agreed on the belief that lifelong learning brings them benefits.
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Men at parental leave
KREUZMANOVÁ, Barbora
The theis deals with men on parental leave. The theoretical part deals with the description of the problems men have. The first chapter shows a trend of the fater's role throughout history, how it changed and developed. Another chapter describes man in the family and how his position has changed in this institution. The thesis continues with the chapter of fellow co-existence. The fourth chapter describes parenthood. Then the thesis shows all the details of fatherhood. The sixth chapter shows men on parental leave and parental allowance. The practical part of the thesis compares the point of view of a man who is using parental leave and the point of view of a man whose woman is using a parental leave.
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Changes in gender roles and thein manifestations
Černá, Ivana ; Pauknerová, Daniela (advisor) ; Hubinková, Zuzana (referee)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to map situation in families, where man takes a maternity (parental) leave and woman is working. Furthermore, to learn what changes do we notice in comparison to the traditional gender roles in the past, the way that most people imagine them. I find this subject altogether actual, considering, that I myself know some families, where roles and responsibilities in the household care and children nurture are not, as they used to be in the times of our grandparents, when men provided material security and women took care of household and children. In the practical part of my thesis, I used two causuistries and further interviews, in which I found out very interesting opinions of the respondents, even from the point of view where they had their gender roles switched. The results suggest that nowadays, we really can see some shift in gender roles from the traditional view of the society, even though it is still minor. Often it's in families, where woman has higher income, so the roles switch for financial reasons.
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