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Diachronic comparison of synchronic corpora
Křen, Michal ; Čermák, František (advisor) ; Kučera, Karel (referee) ; Králík, Jan (referee)
The thesis presents a method for diachronic comparison of synchronic corpora that reflect language of very close time periods. Its primary aim is the assessment of possi- bilities and limitations of language change detection based on the synchronic written SYN-series corpora. The approach is corpus-driven, based on a statistical evaluation of differences among normalized average reduced frequencies of lemmata and lexical combinations. There are several variants of the method applied on various subcorpora of corpus SYN and their results examined in detail. Difficulty of the comparison lies in the influence of corpus composition and the interconnection of changes in language with changes in society. As it is not easy to distinguish the signs of diachronic shift from naturally existing synchronic variability, the statistically discovered significance of frequency differences is additionally verified by querying the base corpora. The interpretation of the results is also adjusted by the knowledge of their exact composition. The conclusions are based mainly on the newspapers as a written text type that is most receptive to the changes. The changes can be characterized as a thematic diversion from the original political and economical orientation of the newspapers towards real- life and free-time topics...
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The representation of judges in selected czech media
Břízová, Iva ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
In her diploma thesis titled "Depiction of the figure of judge in selected Czech media", the author aims to analyse what levels of representation are used to depict the figure of a judge in selected Czech series. The selected five figures of judges are described on the basis of their physical description, roles in society, behaviour and relationships by which their character is co-created. The author focused mainly on stereotypes, which were used to depict the figures. Part of the analysis of the figures of judge is their classification into the category of heroes or villains according to the typology of figures by Brian McNair. Also utilized are the typology of figures by E.M. Forster and Seymour Chatman. The media's depiction of the judges in selected series is positive. At the level of representativeness, it influences the perception of the institution of courts, which are shaped by the depiction of the judicial profession. 1
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UN Secretariat: Representative sample of the world population or dominance of specific groups?
Bartošová, Kristýna ; Parízek, Michal (advisor) ; Karlas, Jan (referee)
This thesis attempts to apply the Representative Bureaucracy theory established and developed within the Public Administration scholarship addressing the lack of formal accountability of bureaucratic bodies on the case of the largest international bureaucracy in the world - the United Nations Secretariat. It builds on the normative presumption that it is necessary to staff the bureaucracy proportionally from all the societal groups so that it reflected the values of the society in whole and the policy outcomes corresponded to those produced if all the society participated in the process. Accordingly, we aspire to find out whether the UN Secretariat is a representative sample of the world population in terms of its bureaucrats' national affiliation, and, if not, what are the factors associated with a better relative representation of a Member State in the UN Secretariat. Through the usage of descriptive statistics tools and Ordinary Least Squares Multiple Linear Regression, we find out that the per capita representation of different Member States in the UN Secretariat is by no means equal and, thus, the UN Secretariat is not a representative sample of the world population. Moreover, the research identified internal capacity of a country to ensure wellbeing and opportunities of its people and low...
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Diachronic comparison of synchronic corpora
Křen, Michal ; Čermák, František (advisor) ; Kučera, Karel (referee) ; Králík, Jan (referee)
The thesis presents a method for diachronic comparison of synchronic corpora that reflect language of very close time periods. Its primary aim is the assessment of possi- bilities and limitations of language change detection based on the synchronic written SYN-series corpora. The approach is corpus-driven, based on a statistical evaluation of differences among normalized average reduced frequencies of lemmata and lexical combinations. There are several variants of the method applied on various subcorpora of corpus SYN and their results examined in detail. Difficulty of the comparison lies in the influence of corpus composition and the interconnection of changes in language with changes in society. As it is not easy to distinguish the signs of diachronic shift from naturally existing synchronic variability, the statistically discovered significance of frequency differences is additionally verified by querying the base corpora. The interpretation of the results is also adjusted by the knowledge of their exact composition. The conclusions are based mainly on the newspapers as a written text type that is most receptive to the changes. The changes can be characterized as a thematic diversion from the original political and economical orientation of the newspapers towards real- life and free-time topics...
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The Journey of the Literary Canon
YAKIMOVA, Vera Hristova
The PhD thesis The Journey of the Literary Canon surveys the issues of canonicity and canon formation in a foreign context. The text presents the prevailing thinking about canons in general, using five concepts: the ?classic?, tradition, aesthetic value, representation and cultural capital. The thesis then seeks to incorporate other fields of literary study that can contribute to the subject of canon formation, specifically in a foreign context, such as comparative literature and translation theory. The notion of world literature, and problems such as equivalence in translation, are addressed from a canonical perspective. At the end of the second chapter, a strategy for studying the formation of literary canons in a foreign context is outlined. The last chapter endeavours to implement the theories presented in the first two chapters, using as its raw material Czech literature in Bulgaria after World War II. The study presents aspects of translation strategy, analyses anthologies as a canonical genre, and outlines the journey that Hašek?s The Good Soldier Švejk underwent in becoming part of the Bulgarian canon of Czech literature.
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