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Faktory ovlivňující míru nezaměstnanosti v Polsku
Kliková, Veronika
This bachelor’s thesis deals with the topic of unemployment in the Polish labour market. The aim is to identify factors that influence the unemployment rate and the long-term unemployment rate in Poland. The choice of variables used in the empirical part is consistent with the economic theory. The empirical part is based on multivariate regression analysis, and both models are created to describe the relationship between dependent variables and regressors. In the first model, the statistically significant variables are ALMPs and PLMPs expenditures, GDP growth and EPL index, and in the second model, the statistically significant variables are minimum wage, ALMPs expenditures and GDP growth. In the empirical part, regional disparities of the unemployment rate in the labour force market in Poland are described.
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Geographical aspects of the process of deinstitutionalization of the Sudetenland border
Korčák, Matěj ; Netrdová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Šimon, Martin (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the impact of the former Sudeten German border as a primary factor on the socio-spatial differentiation of Czechia in time and space. The issue is viewed chronologically through the lens of the deinstitutionalization process. The main criterion evaluated within this process is the border's persistent effect on regional differences in its surroundings. The choice of indicators for which the degree of deinstitutionalisation is examined assumes that the expulsion of Czech Germans from the borderlands and the subsequent resettlement of the affected areas have transformed the population structures in the long term. At the local level, a quantitative analysis of selected indicators representing the three elementary population structures - demographic, social and economic - is conducted. The average values of the indicators are compared within the defined border zones in terms of substantive relevance. Data from the censuses between 1980 and 2021 are used, which allows us to track the changes in the influence of the historical boundary over time. A particular emphasis is placed on the spatial heterogeneity of the degree of deinstitutionalization of the Sudetenland border, which is thus analysed not only as a whole entity, but also in terms of its variability...
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Regional differences in somatic development of pre-school children in context of secular changes
Ferris, Stáňa ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Zamrazilová, Hana (referee)
Testing of regional differences in the growth and development of preschool children is a neglected topic in the history of anthropometry. In this work, we focused on the differences between the current population of Prague, Olomouc and Bratislava. Given the very similar living conditions and socioeconomic maturity of all three regions, we did not anticipate their presence. However, the results of this work showed significant differences, especially in skeletal robustness. Furthermore, we tested the presence of secular differences in the growth and development of preschool children between the current population of Prague, Olomouc and Bratislava and the reference data from 1990 for Czechia and 1989 for Slovakia. We expected changes in height, length and width body parameters, gracility of skeletal robustness, and, on the contrary, an increase in adiposity markers. In the case of the Prague population, this hypothesis was confirmed except for changes in the width parameters of the pelvis, where a negative secular trend was demonstrated. The results of the Olomouc and Bratislava populations do not agree with European trends and the established hypothesis. Secular trends in growth and development are mostly positive. Key words Regional differences, secular trend, preschool age, growth and developement
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Spatial patterns of links between temperature extremes and cardiovascular mortality in the Czech Republic
Urban, Aleš ; Kyselý, Jan (advisor) ; Huth, Radan (referee) ; Dobrovolný, Petr (referee)
Name of the thesis: Spatial patterns of links between temperature extremes and cardiovascular mortality in the Czech Republic Author: Mgr. Aleš Urban Previous studies have examined relationships of high and low air temperatures to mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in the Czech Republic as a whole. Much less has been understood about possible regional differences in the heat and cold effects on mortality. Within four papers published in international peer-reviewed journals, the author of this thesis investigated links between extreme temperatures and CVD mortality in the Czech Republic while considering in particular differences between (i) urban and rural areas, (ii) regions with different socioeconomic status, and (iii) regions with different physical-environmental conditions. Various biometeorological approaches were compared in order to identify meteorological characteristics affecting heat- and cold-related mortality. Excess mortality was determined as differences between observed and expected daily values, the latter being adjusted for long-term changes, annual and weekly cycles, and epidemics of influenza/acute respiratory infections. Air temperature, biometeorological indices (including the Universal Thermal Climate Index, Apparent Temperature, and Physiologically Equivalent...
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Regional Development in Sweden after 1990
Klíma, David ; Tomeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Vogt, David (referee)
Purpose of this paper is to study if and how are changing regional pattern and regional disparities in last decades in Sweden, one of the most homogeneous country in the world. Globalization and intensified competitiveness which affect not only companies and economic sectors, but also states and regions contribute to a changing pattern. Even a traditionally homogeneous and egalitarian Sweden is changing. Paper examines regional development in Sweden by social-economic indicators and basic statistic and indicates wider connection of this development. Basic hypothesis is that crisis and intensified competitiveness contribute to a deepening of regional disparities. In last twenty years regional disparities are growing indeed and they are probably related to a recession, but dominant factors cannot be pointed out with certainty. Increase of regional variability is related to just some social and economic aspect. In many aspects Sweden remains the most homogenous country in Europe. The paper is focused on county level. Key words: regional development, regional disparities, Sweden, globalization, crisis
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The changing Sweden's regional pattern and its context
Klíma, David ; Tomeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Anděl, Jiří (referee)
Regional disparities and spatial inequality are typical topics studied by geography. Sweden is one of the most homogeneous and egalitarian countries in the world. Simultaneously, it is characteristic for its very low regional disparities and thus it is an important and interesting subject for studying. The main goal of this thesis is to examine changes in a regional pattern from the beginning of the 1990s and to analyse an impact of structural changes (deindustrialization and tertiarization) and globalization (through activities of transnational corporations) on regional disparities. In the thesis socioeconomic and demographic indicators and quantitative statistics are used to analyse a development of regional disparities in Sweden and to examine a broader context of this development. The main finding of the thesis is a disproportional growth of metropolitan regions (mainly Stockholm). Share of metropolitan regions on population and socioeconomic activities is increasing and it is characterized by dynamic development which is intensified by high specialisation, major valued-adding activities, knowledge-based economy and localisation of transnational corporations. Regional variability is slowly increasing and disproportional growth of metropolitan regions contributes to this development. Thus the...
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Regional differentiation of the population in the Czech Republic according to religious creed
Růžičková, Markéta ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Regional differentiation of the population in the Czech Republic according to religious creed Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyze the population of the Czech Republic according to their religion, using the data from the census and current records. The first part describes the results of censes concerning religion between the years 1921 and 2011, focusing on the changes in the numbers of believers in the individual denominations. The next part is concerned with the proportioning of the believers in the individual districts in the Czech Republic according to censes 1991, 2001 and 2011, the districts with the highest and lowest share of believers and the analysis of the differences between the individual years. Furthermore it supplies analysis of the influence of religion on the demographic, social and economic characteristics of population, selected on the basis of consulted literature. The individual characteristics are analyzed using statistic regression, factor and cluster analysis and the influence of the resulting factors is described. Keywords: religion, census, Czech Republic, regional differences, atheism
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Accessibility of health care in the Czech Republic according to the geodemographic characteristics of the population
Novák, Martin ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee) ; Hnilicová, Helena (referee)
Accessibility of health care in the Czech Republic according to the geodemographic characteristics of the population Abstract Public healthcare is a subject that affects us all. The health and medical status of the population is a key measure of how advanced a country is. That is why healthcare issues attract so much debate. A number of factors affect the health of a nation. On one hand there are factors such as how individuals look after their health. Dietary habits, sufficient physical exercise and preventive care are all factors that the individual has control over. On the other hand, however, there are determinants affecting whether healthcare take-up is adequate. The cost of providing healthcare and medical equipment together with healthcare accessibility - the topic of this thesis - are factors affecting the population's health. It is the duty of all public healthcare stakeholders to limit the impact of these determiners. One of the main barriers to healthcare take-up is accessibility. On 1 January 2013 government decree no. 307/2012 Coll. came into effect quantifying healthcare accessibility for the first time. This law stipulates the local and travel time accessibility that ensures accessibility depending on type of healthcare on the basis of an upper travel time limit or waiting period....
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Electoral Geography of Poland After 1989
Šulc, Jan ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Kubát, Michal (referee)
The master's thesis "Electoral Geography of Poland After 1989" explores the spatial distribution of patterns of electoral behavior in Poland on the basis of analysis of the results of all presidential elections and elections to the Sejm that took place in the country between the years 1990-2010. The main hypothesis tested by this master thesis is that former boundaries between Russia, Prussia (Germany) and Austria (Austria-Hungary), between which the territory of modern-day Poland was divided in the 19th century, still have an impact on Poland's electoral geography. On the basis of this hypothesis, political parties and presidential candidates are divided into two pre-defined categories: traditionalist and modernist The validity of the hypothesis is then proven by visual analysis of political parties' and presidential candidates' electoral maps, and also by the application of Pearson's correlation coefficient on political parties' electoral results from constituencies and presidential candidates' electoral results from voivodships. In contemporary Poland, a clear rift exists between the parts of the country formerly dominated by Prussia (Germany) and major Polish cities on the one hand (also known as "Poland A"), and Russia and Austria (Austria-Hungary) on the other hand (which is sometimes...
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Regional variation in health care spending
Hadrová, Petra ; Pavloková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Hildebrandt, Barbora (referee)
This thesis examines the regional variation in health care spending in the Czech Republic. The problem of regional variation in health care spending has been a subject of many studies all over the word for several years. Dartmouth Atlas in the United States in 1998 pointed out significant differences in the consumption and financing of health care. In different countries apply different health care systems, yet they have something in common. It is the regional variation in health care consumption and spending. In the Czech Republic the problem of area variation was marginally analyzed by the Roundtable (Kulatý stůl). Detailed analysis, however, does not exist. This paper uses VZP data that are related to 2009 and represent individual consumption data of health care segments covered by health insurance. Using secondary analysis of these data we find and analyze specific regional variations in health care spending across all heath care segments, even on a district level.
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