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Preschool children with visual disabilities
AMBROŽOVÁ, Radka
This bachelor thesis focuses on preschool children suffering from visual impairment. The most common types of childhood sight disorders are described in the first theoretical part. Further on this thesis focuses on the impact of visual impairment on a child´s development as well as supporting activities specific to preschool education of these children. The second practical part contains an activity file suitable to overall development of a child suffering from visual impairment that is followed with recommendations. This part also includes a feedback on some activities which were performed with five particular children attending a kindergarten for children with special needs.
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The Integration of Children and Pupils with Visual Impairment to General Elementary School
Rolníková, Michaela ; Počtová, Lenka (advisor) ; Stolařová, Jaroslava (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the problematic of integration of eyesight-disabled children and pupils at common general elementary schools. The first part of this thesis contains general knowledge about eyesight, eyesight defects and the influence of such defects on human personality. The second part describes the possible ways of bringing up and educating integrated children and pupils with visual impairments at general elementary school. The most detailed part of this thesis is an analysis of the integration process of an eyesight-disabled pupil into the mainstream of general elementary education with a special focus on the legislative framework and characteristics of individual conditions, factors and agents of this process. For illustration of the process of integration, I attach three casuistries of selected children and pupils with visual impairments in the last part of this thesis. Keywords: visual impairment, individuals with visual impairment, visual defects, reeducation of sight, compensation of sight, rehabilitation, compensation and rehabilitation aids for the visually impaired, optical aids, non-optical aids, electronic aids, integration, education, agents of integration, integrated pupil, parents of integrated pupil, school, teacher, teaching assistant, individual education plan,...
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Frequency of hidden vision defects in preschool children as a handicap of their prosperous development and play as means of vision reeducation in kindergartens
Fidlerová, Dagmar ; Šumníková, Pavlína (referee)
The thesis presents a successful project of vision screening in preschool children carried out mostly in kindergartens in Pardubice. The quantitative, non- experimental research of vision defects frequency in preschool children in Pardubice was realized by means of deduktive method and brought surprising, as well as alarming results.It proves, that 7.8% of preschool children had hidden vision defects, as until the time of vision screening these defects had not been discovered by pediatric practitioners at regular preventive examinations and also remained unnoticed by parents. The minimum of 10% rate of vision defects in preschool children then indicates the necessity to introduce vision reeducation in common kindergarten classes in Pardubice. As special pedagogical support, the thesis provides comprehensive methodology of vision reeducation. The method tank of 50 games and playful activities with thoroughly worked up methodology will help the teachers in common kindergarten classes to work with visually handicapped children.
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Options reeducation eyesight of preschool children with binocular vision disorder
DOSKOČILOVÁ, Renata
This bachelor´s thesis deals with the topic of options of re-education eyesight of preschool children with binocular vision disorder. Theoretical part of this thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is about persons with visual disability, describes visual impairment and the term limited vision, criteria for assessing visual defects, distribution of visual impairment and characterizes binocular vision disorder. The second chapter is about evolution of preschool child, about specifics of evolution of preschool child with visual impairment, about legislative framework of education of children with visual impairment in The Czech Republic, about education and socialization of a child. The third chapter of theoretical part contains the term re-education, possibilities of re-education of binocular vision disorder from a medical point of view and possibilities special education support for children with binocular vision disorder. The main goal of this bachelor´s thesis was to create worksheets for the purpose of re-education in the form of eye exercises in a playful way for preschool children with binocular vision disorder and then verified in practice. Based on interview with educators, from which come requirement to make quality, original and useful worksheets, were made required worksheets different from worksheets which are in classrooms to use next. Final verification of those worksheets was in the same kindergarten where the interview with educators was made. The examined group counted five children boys for and five years aged with different types of binocular vision disorder which are attending nursery garden for visually impaired in České Budějovice. Qualitative approach was chosen as form of research. As the first data collection technique was used observation of children during verifying the worksheets. As the second technique was used holding a semi-structured interview with pedagogues and orthoptical nurse which agreed on need and meaningfulness of making of worksheets. As the third technique was used analysis available documents, folders with worksheets, registration lists, medical reports in classroom of nursery garden for visually impaired. Thanks to interview with orthoptic nurse was given comprehensive description orthoptical and pleoptical instruments and influencing factors of children´s motivation during pleoptical and orthoptical exercises in general. The interview with pedagogue and orthoptic nurse shows that all of them cooperate during re-education of sight of children with binocular vision disorder. Both sides consult on worksheets as a meaningful and creative form of re-education of sight, which availability is not so sufficient and which must meet certain criteria to reach re-education of binocular sight the correct way. By research investigation was found that clarity of task and its interpretation is essential during the work with group of preschool children. If child is filling the worksheet with supposed process, it occurs in the strengthening of the visual-motor coordination coordination device of coloring or leading lines by concrete direction. Child must also turn in area of visual perception on the differentiation of figure and background to reach desired results in context to task and content of worksheet. In tasks for visual distinction child must connect properties of object in confrontation with reality and differ by sight different and same objects. By filling one of those lists child trains vision analysis and synthesis of an object in background, which is divided by lines in front of the object. Visual memory, vocabulary and connection to real experiences child trains in worksheets where it confronts pictures with real frames, animals and objects. A child has also possibility to train motion of eyes on line of tasks in tables or rows.
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