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Depictions of Subcarpathian Ruthenia in the Czech newspapers of the Czechoslovak First Republic, 1919-1922: Developing Public Support for the Refusal of the Rusyn Right to Autonomy?
Brown, Geoffrey ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Zilynskyj, Bohdan (referee)
Geoffrey Brown Abstract: In 1919 the Rusyns of Subcarpathian Ruthenia and Rusyn immigrants living in the United States decided that joining the newly-created Czechoslovak Republic offered them the best possible conditions for a stable future. They agreed to the union on the condition that the Rusyns would be granted the widest possible degree of political autonomy, and this autonomy was then guaranteed by the Treaty of Saint Germain signed in September 1919. Once the territory of Subcarpathian Ruthenia had joined Czechoslovakia, the Government in Prague decided that the Rusyn people were incapable of meeting the responsibilities of governing their own territory, since at the end of World War One they had been among the poorest and least culturally developed of all the nations of Austro-Hungary. The Rusyn leaders, particularly the territory's first Governor, Gregory Zhatkovich, protested to no avail against the Czechoslovak government's refusal to grant the Rusyns their legal right to political autonomy. Prior to the war the Czech public had practically no knowledge of Rusyns or their territory of Subcarpathian Ruthenia. During the first three years of the Czechoslovak state, the Czech media published many newspaper articles which highlighted or exaggerated the primitive nature of the Rusyn people,...
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The District court in Hradec Králové and its judiciary practice during the era of the First Czechoslovak Republic (1918-1938)
Tichá, Lucie ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Dobeš, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis attends to activities of the District Court in Hradec Králové in the period 1918 - 1938 with the incorporation in the context of the overall development of the judicial organization in the Czech lands and also historical evolution of the Hradec Králové region. The opening part deals with the First Republic's judiciary and legislature, as formed from the 19th century. After that follows an overview of organizational development judicial administration in the Czech lands in the era 1848 - 1938 and section devoted to history of the Hradec Králové region. The second part of this thesis is concretely aimed at scope of the District Court in Hradec Králové in the interwar period, in the process of the action in court, in the structure of the court, domains and distribution of judicial work with an analysis of the model cases. Keywords: district court, judicial administration, Hradec Králové, regional history, legislation, judicial ordering, common plea, surrogate court, penal offence, the First Czechoslovak Republic
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Methodology for Restoration of the First Republic's Villa Gardens
Zámečník, Roman ; Šimek, Pavel
The aim of the methodology is to create a coherent process aimed at restoring the gardens built between the world wars of the 20th century. The starting point in the methodology was the effort to analyze, interpret and draw attention to this specific segment of national cultural wealth, which has not yet been given greater attention in the professional circles. As a proof of the development of the garden art of the Czech lands, it presents the first republican art, especially its segment - the garden of villas, one of the most vulnerable proofs of the maturity of our culture.
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Antonín Švehla and the Czech Catholics in the period of the first republic
DĚDOVÁ, Miroslava
This thesis deals with the relation between the agrarian politician Antonín Švehla and a catholic party in the period of the first Czechoslovak Republic. This work is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is The Introduction including the aim of this work and the most important sources used by creating this work. The second chapter is structured in five other subheads and is called The Personality of Antonín Švehla. There is presented the life of this important agrarian, his political influence, the characterization of all three governments, in which he was the prime minister and his party's victory in parliamentary elections in 1925. The third chapter called Antonín Švehla's relation to catholicism is divided in four subheads. The core of this chapter is to analyse Švehla's views on religion, his relation to political catholicism, to catholic personalities and to Šrámek's Czechoslovak People's Party. The last chapter is The Conclusion which summarizes the main contribution of the thesis.
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The personality of the Austrian envoy Ferdinand Marek in Czechoslovakia and the profil of his political relations in the 1920s and 1930s in the 20th century
KLOFÁČOVÁ, Michaela
The study focuses on the personality of the Austrian envoy and diplomat Ferdinand Marek in Prague and the changes of his personality in connection with the political relations in the 1920s and 1930s in context of the international-political development in Czechoslovakia between the wars. The aim of the work is the analysis and description of activities of the Austrian envoy in Prague, with regard to the character of the diplomatic and personal reports to his maternal institution the Federal Ministry for Foreign Affairs in Vienna. The other focus is the analysis of the historical context of this period in the area of Central Europe, including Czechoslovakia. The work comes out of the reports of the Austrian State Archives (Österreichisches Staatsarchiv Wien), which have not been published yet. Many German, Austrian and Czech literary sources were also used. The work is written in the Czech language.
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Catholic priest and politician Ferdinand Juriga and his relation to the first Czechoslovak republic
RILLICHOVÁ, Tereza
The goal of this bachelor thesis is not just focus on life and work of Slovak catholic priest and politician Ferdinand Juriga and that mostly during the time of World War I. and coming decade,but mainly to analyze his political and religious attitudes and introduce his political relation to the first Czechoslovak republik. The introducing chapters focus on political system in the first Czechoslovak republik, which is necessary for understanding to the certain acts of Ferdinand Juriga and defined period time events. Mentioned parts include analysis of some of Juriga's significant newspaper articles, parliament speaches and political documents. Bachelor thesis is enriched for authentic thoughts of Ferdinand Juriga which he notched in his memorials Blahozvesť kriesenia slovenského národa a slovenskej krajiny.
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The Reflection of Great Depression in 1929-1933 in Czech literature of economy until 1945 - fundamental overview
HOVORKOVÁ, Michaela
The fundamental aim of this bachelor thesis is the essential overview of reflection of Great Depression in czech economic literature untill 1945. The focus is given on works of the main economists and their most important works concentrated on economical crisis. For this goal the political and economical development since the foundation of Czechoslovakia related with development of the economical crisis is analyzed in theoretical part of work. The explanation of crisis of some political parties is included in this theoretical part of work. Then follows short biography ? introduction of selected economists and their prefered economical view and directions. This bachelor work could be used as a study material in the course Macroeconomics and History of economic thinking aimed on Czechoslovakia during 1929 ? 1933.
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The parliamentary elections in 1925
DĚDOVÁ, Miroslava
This thesis deals with the Czechoslovak parliamentary elections in 1925. This is the second elections in the newly created republic. This work is structured into particular chapters. The first chapter is Introduction that informs about the aim of this work and its overall structure. The next chapter is called The Situation in Czechoslovakia before the parliamentary elections in 1925, in individual subchapters is analysed the establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic, the analysis of the first parliamentary elections in 1920, followed by a description of the situation before the second parliamentary elections and the governments summary till 1925. In the third chapter, The parliamentary elections in 1925, are separately analysed the parliamentary elections in 1925. The penultimate chapter, Czechoslovakia after the elections in 1925, describes the atmosphere of that period after the elections. The last chapter is Conclusion.
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FRANTIŠEK MACHNÍK - The life of Agrarian politician and minister of the national defence
KOPECKÝ, Lukáš
Submitted diploma thesis brings the life fates of František Machník, last political minister of the national defence of the first Czechoslovak republic. He was one of the political symbols of the army in 30´s as the representative of the Agrarian party. He soon found that the possible new army conflict among nations could be very real. The whole European effort of keeping Versailles´ peace system was absolutely desperate. Machník became propagator of the nation´s military ability, he popularized the army in the public view and he inspired thousands of people for her. He gave her technic and institutional laws. He was interested in the financial support of the building of the border´s fortification. This diploma work tries as first to map Machník´s life from the very beginnings over his studies, teacher´s and school director´s career and MP activities. It looks on his early enter to the Agrarian party and his work for Agrarian academics. The three - years ministerial career emphasizes two important moments - the law of the national defence and Machník´s decree. WWII brought him first suffering - the Gestapo investigation and then he was sentenced to death and this was changed to life imprisonment. The author of this work is also interested in Machník´s postwar investigation and trial by the National Court in the year 1947. It was followed with the communistic trial in 1952 and 5 years imprisonment. The end of the thesis concentrates on the sad Machník´s retirement after the amnesty in 1953.
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Tax system in the Interwar Czechoslovakia
Lang, Miloš ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Jeřábková, Zdenka (referee)
There is the explenation of tax system in Czechoslovakia during 20's and 30's in 20th century. This study is focused on transformation and consolidation of tax law which are connected with Czechoslovak's establishemenent. There is the characteristics of each point of tax structure, codification and specific problems. The second part of study answers on the question: "Why so huge reform of direct taxes was done in the late of 20's? What was the reason and consequence?" There is some information about Karel Engliš -- Minister of Finance. The analytic part of this study includes national budget, revenues and statistics about tax burden and taxation. The aim of this study is comparision of tax structure before and after the tax reform in 1927. There was made some international statistics, too.
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