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Concept of Populism and Analysis of the Politics of Silvio Berlusconi
Cabicarová, Dominika ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Bíba, Jan (referee)
The presented paper deals with a theoretical concept of populism and analysis of political style and politics of one of the most important but also most controversial figures of Italian politics over the past few decades, Silvio Berlusconi. The main objective of this paper is to verify the initial hypothesis that Silvio Berlusconi is a pragmatic contemporary politician whose politics and the political style includes identifiable elements of populism and to answer the question whether Silvio Berlusconi, due to the theories outlined on populism, could be considered as a representative of populism and whether his case meets the definition criteria set out in the theoretical part. A secondary objective is to provide a clear overview of the conceptual aspects of populism and it' s causes and identify these on the case of Italy. The work is divided into three parts. After introduction in a second chapter the theoretical and methodological framework will be defined. With a general focus on the concept of populism we will map the contemporary theoretical knowledge concerning this issue. The paper briefly summarizes the historical development of the populist movement in contemporary Western democracies, clearly and comprehensively summarizes the defining features of the theoretical concept of populism and...
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"The 'new right' The English Defence League and PEGIDA"
Radloff, Paul Christian ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This thesis is aimed at analysing key similarities and differences of the Englsih Defence League and the German-born social movement PEGIDA. Whereas both movements have a common goal, to stop the perceived Islamisation of their respective countries, and Europe as a whole, the means and methods vary greatly. Moreover, it is argued that the followership of said organisations differ in age, social background and motivation. Both organisations are able to exert a certain amount of influence on their supporters, the rest of the society, as well as policy- makers and the political elite. Both organisations have influenced the societal and political climate of their respective countries of origin and also in the countries in the European neighbourhood with links to individuals and organisations in North America.
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Die Linke: development, ideology and position in the political system in Germany
Brzkovská, Eliška ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Švec, Radek (referee)
This thesis deals with the German political party "Die Linke" (The Left). Die Linke was founded in 2007 by merging two different parties, namely Linkspartei.PDS, which was preceded by the ruling party of the GDR, and WASG, composed of West German activists and former party members of the Social Democratic Party. The opening parts contain definitions of basic terminology and a brief history of parties preceding Die Linke. The following sections deal with how the dual history of the party reflects in its organisation, its program and electorate. The party programs are also used to analyze its key program points and their evolution over time. The party's ideology is also examined. This thesis also deals with the current position of Die Linke within the German party system, in terms of both the voters and election results, and relations with other relevant parties.
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Euroscepticism in Italy and its influence on the relation with the EU
Srba, Lukáš Martin ; Rolenc, Jan Martin (advisor) ; Peterková, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis aims to explain how euroscepticism in Italy affected the relation between the country and the European Union. It is focused on the development and analysis of euroscepticism in general. Later the findings are applied to the case of Italy, through which I analyse the factors that contributed to the rise of euroscepticism and the popularity of this stance. The focus is on the events from 2009 to 2014, namely the crucial events in Italy (Tangentopoli, introduction of Euro, political elections, and so forth). The situations in Greece, Germany and Spain are analysed and compared (with Italy and each other) next. The consequences of the debt crisis on the countries, such as the creation of the first Eurosceptic party in Germany or the deferring consequences of the crisis in Greece and Spain are also described. Thanks to the comparison, the situation in Italy and its consequences for the EU (and vice-versa) are put into a broader perspective and better understood. The last chapter describes the way the changes in attitude towards the EU influenced the relations between Italy and the Union (from an originally positive relation to a currently passive-negative one). The contemporary situation and its possible consequences (for example the changes in function and form of the EU and Eurozone, or the possible reforms in Italy) are accentuated throughout the thesis.
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Transformations of Peronist populism in Argentina
Jirsová, Tereza ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Paulenková, Kristína (referee)
Peronism has been one of the most widely used terms in the context of Argentinean politics, history and culture over the last 60 years. In spite of the fact that there is no official definition of the term, many different political strategies in Argentina are referred to as Peronist. Why is it so complicated to define the concept of Peronism? What does it really mean when Argentinean presidents claim to be Peronists? This thesis is based on the hypothesis that Peronism is primarily brand of political populist projects. The first chapter classifies the concept of populism, the second chapter deals with the particular populism in Latin America and the third chapter analyzes the individual mandates of Peronist presidents. The analysis strongly supports the working hypothesis.
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Italian foreign policy during the government of Silvio Berlusconi
Nesměráková, Barbora ; Veselý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the analysis of Italian foreign policy under Silvio Berlusconi. The first chapter focuses on the development of the domestic and foreign policy of Italy after World War II and its European integration. The second part is devoted to the domestic development of Italy at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries and the influence of Silvio Berlusconi on Italy as a whole. The last chapter and main chapter of this bachelor thesis is focused on foreign policy under the government of Silvio Berlusconi.
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What maximizes consumption tax? Evidence from a natural experiment
Hradečná, Anna ; Komrska, Martin (advisor) ; Dušek, Libor (referee)
Tax-setting policy belongs to the main duties of politicians from time immemorial. Since those times, people are questioning whether politicians, while setting taxes, are pursuing mainly interests of publi or their own. In this thesis, I am studying this question in the industry of alcoholic beverages, regulation of it's consumption and production. I am using two statistical models, simple model of partial equilibria and AIDS model (Almost Ideal Demand System), to estimate own price elasticity of demand for beer, wine and spirits in selected post-soviet countries: Azerbaijan, Georgia, Latvia, Lithuania and Russian Federation. Linear model with mixed effects is estimated to uncover the strength and direction of dependency of alcohol policy on own price elasticity of demand for alcoholic beverages in the above mentioned countries. Results show, that politicians of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Lithuania and Russian Federation set the alcohol policy in accordance with maximization of tax revenue hypothesis, while Latvians seems to be rather vote maximizers. I have expected the politicians in Baltic states to behave similar and also least populistically from studied countries. But my expectations were not fulfilled.
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The Analysis of Hungarian Indebtedness after 1989
Kudláček, Jan ; Petrášek, František (advisor) ; Vokoun, Marek (referee)
Hungary has struggled with budget problems throughout its post-socialist history. With knowledge of economic theory it is possible to analyze the evolution of Hungary's debt after 1989 and thus deduce its weaknesses. Populism and fiscal irresponsibility have characterized majority of Hungarian governments to some extent. Hence, the key to understanding the debt of Hungary may be found on the political level of budgetary policy. With regard to the economic situation, Hungary was forced to implement significant cost-saving measures in recent years. These measures are evaluated at the end of the work. They can be crucial not only in terms of the budgetary situation but also with respect to the perspective on the future economic development and competitiveness of the entire economy.
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Political thought of the national socialist line of the czech far right and the means the national socialists use to address the public
Šůsová, Veronika ; Rataj, Jan (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (referee)
The Thesis analyses political thought of the contemporary czech national socialism and the methods the subjects considered to be part of this movement use to address cizizens. Among these subjects are the Worker's Party (of Social Justice), National Defiance and Autonomous nationalists. In the first chapter, the Thesis clarifies the specific background of the czech national socialism focusing on facts, figures and the latest development. Second and crucial chapter characterizes political thought of the czech national socialism. The last part of the Thesis focuses on the topics the before mentioned subjects use to address wide public, on their image, their rhetoric and the means of propaganda they turn to.
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Ten years of governance of Hugo Chavez
Galová, Veronika ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Nachtigallová, Mariana (referee)
The thesis describes the governance of Hugo Chavez in ten years period and compares it with the period which preceded his arrival. It focuses on institutional changes, changes in economic and social policy and foreign policy, particularly in the South American region itself. The thesis is describes process of consolidation of democracy in Venezuela since 1958, and changes that occured after the arrival of a man who was a few years ago a participant of attempts to topple the former government. The main subject of analysis of the thesis is the phenomenon of social and political polarization, the implementation of elements of participatory democracy and oil industry. The work points to changes from the neo-liberal state to the social state.
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