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Physiotherapy in dysphagic patients with head and neck cancer
Volfová, Michaela ; Nejezchleba, Josef (advisor) ; Bitnar, Petr (referee)
Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a frequent complication of oncological treatment of head and neck cancers. It develops in up to half of these patients. Physiotherapy can greatly contribute to the treatment of dysphagia, reduce its severity and improve the quality of life. It certainly has a place in the rehabilitation of dysphagia. Early diagnostics of dysphagia is essential for the proper setting of the therapy. The interdisciplinary cooperation of the dysphagia team is also important. The thesis deals with the benefits of physiotherapy in the treatment of dysphagia. It explores the use of manual medicine, exercises on a neurophysiological basis and analytical exercises. It evaluates the effect using an endoscopy evaluated by a penetration-aspiration scale, a standardized questionnaire and physiotherapy examination. Physiotherapy enables to increase and maintain the range of movement of the mouth and cervical spine, release the hypertone of the superficial neck muscles, modify the muscle dysbalances of the mouth floor, strengthen the muscles of the tongue, mouth floor and deep throat flexors, restore the mobility of the hyoid gland, modify the posture of the head improved coordination of swallowing movements, ensuring adequate hyolaryngeal elevation and adequate muscle strength of the swallowing...
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Stimulation of swallowing within PNF concept in patients with acquired brain injury
Matys, Václav ; Slámová, Adéla (advisor) ; Fabičovic, Klaudia (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Name, surname: Václav Matys Supervisor: Ing. Adéla Slámová Consultant: Ing. Mgr. Jana Horynová Title: Stimulation of swallowing within PNF concept in pacient with acquired brain injury A swallowing disorder often occurs as a complication in acquired brain injury diagnosis. In more serious cases it can constitute even life-threatening condition, primarily due to the risk of aspiration and possilbe subsequent development of an inflammatory lung disease. This thesis deals with a possibility of therapeutic influencing of neurogenic dysphagia with utilization of elements of the concept of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation - PNF. Contrary to the fact that exercise on the PNF basis to influence dysphagia isn't used frequently in clinical practice, it represents highly effective and for the therapist easily managable method of therapy. The practical part contains a case history of patients with dysphagia, to whom the therapy on the PNF basis was applied. The goal of the bachelor thesis is to create an educative material for a community of experts, particularly physiotherapist as well as speech pathologists or occupational therapists, and thus support interdisciplinary cooperation in the care of dysphagia patients. The result of the thesis is a formation of the therapeutic procedure...
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Myofunctional disorder in children
Říha, Ivo ; Klenková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Šiška, Jan (referee)
Thesis "Myofunctional disorder of children" is about myofunctional disorder with a focus on logopedics and issues of human speech. The whole work has, however, significantly multidisciplinary character. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on orofacial complex, swallowing and speech complex in all its breadth. It is also focused on nutrition problems at an early age and on related activities. Readers can also find information about orthodontic anomalies that are directly related to myofunctional disorder. A large area is dedicated to myofunctional disorder itself - terminology, etiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, prevention and therapy. As an important section of practical part of the work serves a research on a sample of 15 children diagnosed with myofunctional disorder. The sample was subjected to qualitative analysis, where an outcome demonstrates 3 case studies demonstrating the degree of seriousness of 3 myofunctional disorders. Additionally, there is also simple quantitative analysis and its outcome is an overview chart. KEYWORDS Myofunctional disorder, orofacial, tongue, ortodontic anomalies, breast- feeding, suckling, mastification, swallowing, speech - articulation.
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Use of myofunctional therapy in people with communication disability
Janečková, Sandra ; Komorná, Marie (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
The topic of this thesis is discussion of usage of myofunctional therapy on persons with communicative disorders. The main goal is to map the extent and possibilities of this therapy in speech therapy practice. The theoretical part deals with physiology and patophysiology of breathing, sucking, swallowing and the orofacial system. Further, in connection with myofunctional therapy it discusses its historical development, methodical approaches, utilities, therapeutical benefits and possibilities of education on this field. The empirical part contains a quantitative investigation, which analyses the extent and usage possibilities of this therapy by speech-language pathologists in the Czech Republic. Based on the data obtained by a questionnaire distributed to speech-language pathologists it can be stated, that about 20 % of the respondents do not use the myofunctional therapy in practice, while those (with one exception) never took part on an expert training. The offer of the trainings is rated as insufficient. The myofunctional therapy can be used on persons with orofacial disorders regardless of age or communicative disorder. KEYWORDS: myofunctional therapy, communicative disorder, swallowing, dysphagia, bite disorders, orofacial area
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Nursing care of patient with dysphagia
BAREŠOVÁ, Markéta
This thesis studies a nursery care for patients with dysphagia. The main goal of the thesis was to collect experience about nursery care. To achieve our goals, we have employed following questions: How is the swallowing ability monitored by nurses? What kind of special treatment is provided to patients with dysphagia? Are other specialists involved into treatment? Are there any special tools needed when treating patients with dysphagia? What are the specific needs of patients with dysphagia? What are the problems the patients with dysphagia are facing? The research was done by half-structured interview with eight nurses in the age range 26-60 years. More specifically three nurses from neurology, two nurses from aftercare ward and one nurse from internal medicine ward, intensive care, otorhinolaryngology were interviewed.The interview consisted of 32 questions (see Appendix 6). The results obtained were processed by open ink using the "pencil paper" technique. The results of the work are divided into individual categories, which are: monitoring, specific interventions, cooperation with other experts, compensatory aids, patients 'needs, patients' problems. The thesis provides an overview of the nursing care of patients with dysphagia.
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Intervention of occupational therapist in adult patients with neurogenic dysphagia
Hochová, Anna ; Uhlířová, Jaromíra (advisor) ; Šemberová, Ivana (referee)
The Occupational Therapist's Intervention for Adult Patients with Neurogenic Dysphagia Abstract of the Thesis: Dysphagia is a serious disorder, often caused by a cerebrovascular accident; in many cases it may be its only or primary symptom, and even the cause of death. The main objective of this thesis is to raise awareness of swallowing disorders among occupational therapists. Despite the fact that the occupational therapist's intervention for patients with swallowing disorder is common practice among occupational therapists abroad, this issue still is not well known among occupational therapists in the Czech Republic. There is also a considerable lack of Czech literature dealing with swallowing disorders from the occupational therapy point of view. This thesis therefore not only presents theoretical findings in this field but also recommends practical procedures for occupational therapists. The theoretical part of the thesis describes functional anatomy of the swallowing structures and swallowing physiology and pathophysiology. It analyses different causes of dysphagia with a focus on neurological disorders, defines the term dysphagia and other related terms, and briefly explains several classification methods of dysphagia. While the first part of the thesis looks primarily into the diagnostics and...
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Use of myofunctional therapy in people with communication disability
Janečková, Sandra ; Komorná, Marie (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
The topic of this thesis is discussion of usage of myofunctional therapy on persons with communicative disorders. The main goal is to map the extent and possibilities of this therapy in speech therapy practice. The theoretical part deals with physiology and patophysiology of breathing, sucking, swallowing and the orofacial system. Further, in connection with myofunctional therapy it discusses its historical development, methodical approaches, utilities, therapeutical benefits and possibilities of education on this field. The empirical part contains a quantitative investigation, which analyses the extent and usage possibilities of this therapy by speech-language pathologists in the Czech Republic. Based on the data obtained by a questionnaire distributed to speech-language pathologists it can be stated, that about 20 % of the respondents do not use the myofunctional therapy in practice, while those (with one exception) never took part on an expert training. The offer of the trainings is rated as insufficient. The myofunctional therapy can be used on persons with orofacial disorders regardless of age or communicative disorder. KEYWORDS: myofunctional therapy, communicative disorder, swallowing, dysphagia, bite disorders, orofacial area
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Myofunctional disorder in children
Říha, Ivo ; Klenková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Šiška, Jan (referee)
Thesis "Myofunctional disorder of children" is about myofunctional disorder with a focus on logopedics and issues of human speech. The whole work has, however, significantly multidisciplinary character. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on orofacial complex, swallowing and speech complex in all its breadth. It is also focused on nutrition problems at an early age and on related activities. Readers can also find information about orthodontic anomalies that are directly related to myofunctional disorder. A large area is dedicated to myofunctional disorder itself - terminology, etiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, prevention and therapy. As an important section of practical part of the work serves a research on a sample of 15 children diagnosed with myofunctional disorder. The sample was subjected to qualitative analysis, where an outcome demonstrates 3 case studies demonstrating the degree of seriousness of 3 myofunctional disorders. Additionally, there is also simple quantitative analysis and its outcome is an overview chart. KEYWORDS Myofunctional disorder, orofacial, tongue, ortodontic anomalies, breast- feeding, suckling, mastification, swallowing, speech - articulation.
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