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Occupational Therapy practice guidelines in children with perinatal brachial plexus palsy.
Jurečková, Michala ; Dvořáková, Petra (advisor) ; Jelínková, Jana (referee)
Title: Occupational therapy practice guidelines in children with perinatal brachial plexus palsy Abstract: Neonatal brachial plexus palsy is a palsy of the upper limb caused by traction of the brachial plexus during birth. It affects about 1.5 cases per 1000 live births and requires complex treatment. The clinical picture depends on the severity of the nerve damage and the part of the plexus that is affected. An unified framework for the treatment and management of paresis improves communication and clinical decision making for further rehabilitation. Currently there is an absence of clinical guidelines on pediatric issues and to ensure the highest quality of care, there is a need to develop them and find the best solutions to the problem. Clinical guidelines improve the quality of healthcare and reduce the variety of procedures and methods in clinical practice. The aim of this thesis is to develop a scheme for a clinical guidelines for diagnosis and intervention in children with neonatal brachial plexus palsy from birth to 7 years of age. A sub-objective is to review diagnostic tools and occupational therapy methods or procedures that appear in studies dealing with brachial plexus paresis and that can be used in occupational therapy practice. The thesis presents the issues of perinatal brachial plexus...
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Anatomical possibilities of the suprascapular nerve reconstruction by dorsal approach
Krajcová, Aneta ; Kaiser, Radek (advisor) ; Kachlík, David (referee) ; Měšťák, Ondřej (referee)
The presented dissertation primarily investigates new possibilities of targeted reconstruction of the lower branch of the suprascapular nerve for the infraspinatus muscle in patients with palsy of external rotation of the arm. It arises either on the basis of the brachial plexus palsy or during fractures of the scapula. The aim of the first part of the thesis was to use a systematic review of the literature and a subsequent meta-analysis to define data on the epidemiology and etiopathogenesis of severe injuries to the brachial plexus, which are indicated for surgical treatment. The second part describes two experimental studies on the reconstruction of the lower branch of the suprascapular nerve using the spinal accessory and lower subscapular nerves. Determining the values of the frequency of different types of brachial plexus lesions and their dependence on gender and causal mechanisms can be used as a basic reference when informing patients and the professional public about these types of injuries. In the experiment, it was proven that both methods of the suprascapular nerve reconstruction can be used in the vast majority of cadavers. They are thus potentially usable in clinical practice depending on the type of injury.
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Possibilitties of physiotherapy in peripheral paresis of upper extremities
ŠANDA, Ondřej
The theme of this thesis is "Possibilities of physiotherapy in peripheral paresis of upper limbs" and its aim is to investigate the influence of physiotherapy on improvement of muscle strength and function of paretic upper limb by various methods. The theoretical part includes the field of anatomy, neurophysiology and pathophysiology related to the peripheral nerves of the upper limbs. Information on nerve cells, evaluation classifications, classification of polyneuropathies and mononeuropathies, brachial plexus, treatment options and foreign experience are available in individual subchapters. The practical part contains the methodology of qualitative research. The sample consists of 3 patients with peripheral upper limb paresis. The aim was to elaborate case reports of patients with this type of disease in detail and to propose a rehabilitation plan for these patients, which will include entry and exit examinations that will be compared after the rehabilitation. Each patient had a total of 8 therapies, over a maximum period of 6 weeks, aimed at improving muscle strength and overall function of the upper limbs in daily life activities. Based on the data obtained, it is clear that physiotherapy was beneficial for these patients. All patients experienced improvement in muscle strength and function of the upper limb and remission of paresthesias after treatment. This work can be used by professional public, physiotherapists, physiotherapy students, or even patients who will face this disease. It should also serve as information for obtaining basic orientation in the problems of peripheral paresis of upper limbs, its pathology and possible physiotherapeutic procedures.
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Case Study on Physiotherapy Treatment of a Patient with an upper type brachial plexus palsy
Škripková, Aneta ; Neuwirthová, Svatava (advisor) ; Hamouzová, Dita (referee)
Title: Case Study on Physiotherapy Treatment of a Patient with an upper type brachial plexus palsy Objectives: The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to summarise the theoretical knowledge about the lesion of the peripheral nervous system, specifically brachial plexus palsies. Other two core objectives are to become oriented in the specialised literature about the given subject and the elaboration of a case study on the physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the above-mentioned diagnosis. Methods: The bachelor thesis is divided into two main parts: theoretical and special. The theoretical part is dedicated to summarising data about the stated problematics obtained from specialised literature available. The findings inform about the basics of the nervous system, with more emphasis on the peripheral nervous system and its possible damage, about brachial plexus palsy, and the options for treatment of this diagnosis. The special, or practical, part contains a detailed case study on the physiotherapy treatment of a patient with an upper type brachial plexus palsy, conducted in a continuous specialised practice. The case study includes the pre- and post-therapy kinesiological assessments, a description of all therapeutic sessions performed and, in conclusion, an evaluation of the effects of the...
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Brachial plexus birth palsy options of physiotherapy in school age
Kováčová, Soňa ; Klouček, Vít (advisor) ; Hvězdová, Jana (referee)
Author: Soňa Kováčová, DiS. Institution: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague Name of the Thesis: Brachial plexus birth palsy options of physiotherapy in school age Supervisor: Bc. Vít Klouček Number of Pages: 88 Year of the Defense: 2014 Key Words: birth palsy, brachial plexus, rehabilitation This thesis deals with the issue of obstetrical brachial plexus palsy and possibilities of physiotherapy for children of school age. It contains a theoretical and a case section. The theoretical section is thematically divided into a general and a special part. The first part deals with general obstetrical brachial plexus palsy, in the second part are mentioned possible methodologies that can be used in the treatment of children of school age with residual damage. In the case section there is described the treatment of two patients in order to show the possibility of affecting the function of the shoulder girdle with the concept of Basal postural programs.
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This case study of the physiotherapy care of a patient with multiple injuries of nerves in the shoulder and arm
Polák, Alois ; Satrapová, Lenka (advisor) ; Šánová, Milena (referee)
Title: This case study of the physiotherapy care of a patient with multiple injuries of nerves in the shoulder and arm Objectives: The main objective of this paper is to summarize the theoretical knowledge about the peripheral nerve lesions in the shoulder and arm, and the development of the case studies of care for patients with this diagnosis. Methods: This work is divided into two main parts. The first part is devoted to a general summary of theoretical knowledge concerning anatomical, kinesiological, physiological and pathophysiological aspects of this disease and there are outlined some options for its examination and its treatment. In the second practical part is a detailed case report of physiotherapy care of patients with a given diagnosis. This section has been prepared on the basis of practice in the hospital Nemocnice Na Bulovce in the period from 19 January to 13 February 2015. There are a detailed input and output kinesiology analysis, itemized individual therapeutic units and drafted the effect of therapy. Results: The patient improved active movement of the shoulder joint in all directions increased the strength of the relevant muscles and especially improved coordination skills and volitional motor activity of his upper limb. Keywords: peripheral palsy, brachial plexus, shoulder...
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Thoracic Outlet Syndrom
Chasáková, Ludmila ; Demeková, Júlia (advisor) ; Babková, Lenka (referee)
Thoracic outlet syndrome is a syndrome involving compression at the superior thoracic outlet, wherein excess pressure placed on a neurovascular bundle passing between the anterior scalene and middle scalene muscles. According to the predominant symptoms we can distinguish neurogenic, arterial and venous syndrome. Treatment is either the surgical removal of structures causing compression or conservative measures aimed at decompressing the oppressed structures through functional activation of surrounding area. The thesis presents an overview of available findings on this issue, followed by case report of a patient with venous TOS.
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