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Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women II.
Vachudová, Eliška ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Babica, Jan (referee)
Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women II. Author: Eliška Vachudová1 Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D.1 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and objective: Taking medication during pregnancy often implies higher risk of adverse effects for pregnant woman as well as for the foetus. In the Czech Republic, there is not enough information for rational drug taking during gravidity yet. The purpose of the practical part was to identify and analyze therapy used by pregnant women by questionnaires, in which respondents could show their knowledge and awareness of over-the-counter drugs, medical devices, food supplements and herbal and homeopatic remedies. Methods: The data collection lasted from August 2017 to March 2018 and was performed in the form of questionnaires at the Domažlice Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Nurses played a vital role to distribute the questionnaires and instruct every newly admitted woman how to fill them. The questionnaire was anonymous, contained 50 questions of open, semi-open and closed types and included introduction letter with the entrance criteria. After filling in, they were transformed into electronic ones using Google Forms. Collected data were...
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Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of fall in inpatients II
Szikorová, Nikola ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Patková, Anna (referee)
Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of fall in inpatients II Author: Nikola Szikorová Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and objectives: Falls are one of the most common problems of hospitalized patients. Their occurrence is associated with many problems and therefore should be avoided. Effective prevention involves analyzing risk factors and implementing interventions to minimize these risks. The aim of this work was to analyze the influence of drugs and other risk factors on the fall of hospitalized patients. Methods: Data was collected from April to December 2017 in 4 hospitals in South Bohemia. Only patients who had fallen during hospitalization participated in the study. An online database was created for the study to collect patient data (personal history, medications used, laboratory values and others). Population and individual fall risk-increasing drugs were analyzed. For each individual fall risk-increasing drug, the type of drug problem that could have been the cause of a fall was classified. Risk minimization interventions have been assigned to each drug problem. In addition to fall risk-increasing drug analysis, other risk factors that increased the risk...
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Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of fall in inpatients III
Honsová, Tereza ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of falls in inpatents III Author: Tereza Honsová Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction: Falls are frequent and unwanted events happening in healthcare facilities. The falls have a multifactorial character. The prevention is the best way how to improve a quality of healthcare and a quality of the patient's life. All of the doctors, clinical pharmacists and nurses can help to realize it by cooperating with each other, working with professional information and by individual attitude to each patient. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the fall risk-increasing drugs to falls in hospitalized patients and to recommend the right interventions to prevent the fall. Methodology: For the analysation, classification and quantification of the fall risk-increasing drugs, drug related problems and interventions a special online database was created. All of the doctors, clinical pharmacists and nurses were collecting details about the pacients and about how the fall happened. Fall risk-increasing drugs and drug-related problems were then analyzed by clinical pharmacists. Potential interventions were suggested. Also other...
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Pharmacotherapy at the ortopedic department from nurse´s perspektive
TOMÁNKOVÁ NOVÁKOVÁ, Monika
Attention should be paid to pharmacotherapy in the orthopedic department mainly because patients at this department make up a risky group, they are older and often tend to use more types of drugs at the same time. Nursing at the orthopedic department is both mentally and physically demanding. Nurses administer medication to patients throughout the whole day, that is why lack of certain medication may occur in this department, the same way they would with all routine procedures. Be it conscious or unconscious. The thesis sets its objective to map out the issue of pharmacotherapy in the orthopedic department. Further, to map out factors that may influence the origin of complications when administering medication to patients in the orthopedic deartment, and suggest improvements in the process of pharmacotherapy in the orthopedic department. A qualitative research via participant observation and semi-structured interviews carried out with the nurses and patients of the orthopedic department, was used. The results of this survey prove that nurses do have basic theoretical knowledge in the area of pharmacotherapy. At the same time certain shortcomings were discovered, i.e. this theoretical knowledge is not being applied in practice. Most surprising were the results in the area of patient identification before administering medication, this step not always being abode by the nurses as a part of medical error prevention. Quite on the contrary, it can be said, based on the results, that nurses do have excellent knowledge and skills in pain reduction. This is proven by both participant observation and the happiness of patients themselves. Partial results have been presented at a seminar in the orthopedic department, and they have been passed on to the management of this department. The resulting shortcomings have been used as aid material. The diploma thesis was written so as to serve as material of information to beginner or existing nurses at the orthopedic department as well.
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Interchangeable natural age for illnesses associated with hospitalization in the ward of subsequent care.
HEJNOVÁ, Pavlína
Bachelor work with title "The alteration from old age to illness in connection with hospitalization at the Deparment of subsequently care" is theoretical work, it is based on problems with the naturalness of old age often confused with illness and especially in medical facility. It is trying to explain and describe as much as information as possible about problems that consumes the quality of elders life predominantly on department of subsequently care. It describes the most common risks of pharmacotherapy in old age along with palliative medicine on geriatric weak patients in current time, specifics of nursing care and tasks of a nurse. The purpose of this work is to try and point out problems in current medical system, where we often confuse natural old age with illness and to show how big risks it brings to the aging population. The self-fulfillment and the value quality of elders life is vanishing. Current reality requires unconditional changes in access of all professional society and it is subconsciousness as a major phenomenon of human life. The effort of this work is to define and name all the risky factors, which is influencing the formation of this issue, confusing old age with sickness. In the most common causes, of deterioration health and hospitalization with geriatric patients, belongs medication that brings undesirable effects and incorrent prescription. So another case of this work is to point out on the meaing of correct diagnosis and following pharmacotherapy on elders, providing global medical care, which is important part in care for geriatric patient. Bachelor work will be used for workshop on Department of subsequently care.
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Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women III.
Cimbálová, Edita ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Babica, Jan (referee)
Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women III. Author: Edita Cimbálová Thesis Supervisor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Thesis Consultant: Mgr. Pavel Horký Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and purpose: Therapy of pregnant women is accompanied by a variety of changes that need to be accounted for. The purpose of the theoretical part was to summarise available information in selected health issues of pregnant women. The purpose of the practical part was to identify and analyse the therapy used during pregnancy and the attitudes, opinions and awareness of women after delivery about over-the- counter drugs, medical devices and other forms of complementary and alternative medicine. Methods: The data were collected at the maternity ward of Jičín Hospital from November 2017 to February 2018 via questionnaires. The questionnaire contained information about the study and it was consisted of 50 questions of open, semi-closed and closed format focused on health issues during pregnancy, attitudes and opinions about homeopathy, herbal medicine, vaccination and the way to get informations during pregnancy. The collected data were transfered into an electronical form and subsequently analysed by methods of...
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Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women II.
Vachudová, Eliška ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Babica, Jan (referee)
Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women II. Author: Eliška Vachudová1 Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D.1 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and objective: Taking medication during pregnancy often implies higher risk of adverse effects for pregnant woman as well as for the foetus. In the Czech Republic, there is not enough information for rational drug taking during gravidity yet. The purpose of the practical part was to identify and analyze therapy used by pregnant women by questionnaires, in which respondents could show their knowledge and awareness of over-the-counter drugs, medical devices, food supplements and herbal and homeopatic remedies. Methods: The data collection lasted from August 2017 to March 2018 and was performed in the form of questionnaires at the Domažlice Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Nurses played a vital role to distribute the questionnaires and instruct every newly admitted woman how to fill them. The questionnaire was anonymous, contained 50 questions of open, semi-open and closed types and included introduction letter with the entrance criteria. After filling in, they were transformed into electronic ones using Google Forms. Collected data were...
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Options possible use of methylphenidate as a substitution substance in addiction to methamphetamine
Petrlová, Ivana ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Methamphetamine is currently a leading addictive substance abused by problem drug users on the Czech drug scene. The number of problem drug users of methamphetamine accounts for approximately 73 % of all problem drug users and most of them use methamphetamine for injection. There is no approved effective pharmacotherapy for methamphetamine addiction worldwide. A major benefit for users of methamphetamine due to their number and risks that problem and injecting drug use bring could be substitution treatment such as opiate addiction. Even though there are a few doctors in the Czech republic, who prescribe amphetamine-type drugs to patients diagnosed by F15.2. as a substitution substances, no substance is widely accepted and extended. One of those compounds is methylphenidate hydrochloride known under the trade names Ritalin® and Concerta® .The possibilities of using these substances will be dealt with in my bachelor thesis. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to map out up-to-date knowledge of the use of methylphenidate as a substitution substance in addiction to methamphetamine and describing the possibilities of its potential use for substitution therapy. The bachelor thesis has a research character and works with monographs, published articles and clinical studies dealing with the given issue. The...
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PHARMACOTERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS IN ADDICTION TREATMENT
Kozinski, Jan ; Minařík, Jakub (advisor) ; Oktábec, Zbyněk (referee)
Drug dependence is one of the most common psychiatric diagnosis besides with affective disorders and anxiety disorders. Drug abuse may entail many somatic and psychiatric comorbidities which complicate treatment and substantially worsen its prognosis. Allthough the main reason of keeping dependence behaviour are maladaptive behavioural patterns, on the cell level there are mainly pathophysiological processes in the central nervous systém. Similarly, it can be supposed that centre of treatment lies in psychotherapy, nevertheless parallel medication may significantly reduce subjective difficulties connected with abstinence from drug, which are common reason from treatment terminating from the side of patient. In the urgent addictology, or acute psychiatry it is possible to meet with situations, when psychotherapeutic techniques have only limited effectiveness. It is possible to use for example de-escalate approach with anxious patient that is intoxicated by cannabinoids or halucinogens, but it has no efficacy in the case of life-threatening acute intoxication by anticholinergics, opioids or tranquillisers. Similarly, in the case of acute withdrawal syndrome after long abuse of drugs with strong physical dependence, such as alcohol or benzodiazepines may physician almost exclusively rely on...
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Self-inflicted trauma in young people with in the context of behavioral disturbance
Kolaříková, Katarína ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
TITLE: Self- inflicted trauma in young people with in the context of behavioral disturbance AUTHOR: Bc. Katarína Kolaříková DEPARTMENT: Department of special education SUPERVISOR: Doc. PaeDr. Eva Šotolová, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: This thesis solves two serious topics of special pedagogic. Behavioural disorders and self-harming behaviour. Self-harming behaviour is deliberate, conscious and often repetitive violation of physical integrity without intent to die. The work is divided into 11 chapters. The first are focused on behavioural disorders, self-harming behaviours, and crisis intervention. Other chapters deal with the goals, research questions and chosen method of treatment. The aim was to map the occurrence, factors and methods of self-harming and describe alternative techniques of reducing this behaviour. Qualitative research is used in this work - analysing the anamneses of individuals with behavioural disorders and interviews with ethopedic workers. The inquiry of documentation shows that self-harming behaviour is caused by negative effects of family and social environment. The most common methods include self-cutting of girls, fists and head pounding against the wall of boys. For alternative methods of reducing this behaviour, the staff of orphanages with schools agreed that the preferred method is...
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