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Intra-individual variability in perception of otherness
Doubková, Nikola ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Riegel, Karel Dobroslav (referee) ; Stuchlíková, Iva (referee)
This dissertation focuses on intra-individual variability in the perception of otherness, specifically on the variability of experienced emotions toward diverse representatives of otherness in relation to attitudes and personality functioning. At the beginning of the thesis, the theoretical background is introduced, especially the concept of otherness. A total of 205 respondents from the general population and the population of people with mental disorders participated in the study. The research was conducted in three phases, and the results are presented in three studies. In the first phase, the semi-structured interview assessing the severity levels of personality functioning (STiP-5.1) was translated into Czech, and its psychometric properties were verified. In the second phase, the association between attitudes toward minorities and the level of personal functioning impairment was examined. The last, third phase focused on the intra-individual variability of experienced emotions (disgust, empathy, anger, compassion, pity, respect) toward different representatives of otherness (e.g., close ones, Romani, migrants, people with mental disorders) and its relation to personality functioning and attitudes, using the experience sampling method. Significant differences in personality functioning were...
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Empathy in patients with anxiety disorders - pilot study of capturing change during a psychotherapeutic stay
Linhart, David ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Křížová, Ivana (referee)
This diploma thesis was created as a part of a doctoral research project of Mgr. Ing. Sofia Diondet, and was a basis for two other diploma theses of Bc. Nikola Hanušová and Bc. Michaela Škrábová. It studied empathy in patients with anxiety disorders and its main aim was to capture change in empathy within this population after a 7week psychotherapeutic stay. Thesis had several secondary aims: to verify lower level of empathic functioning in anxiety patients and an existence of a positive relationship of self and interview rated empathy; also, to determine whether there is a relationship between empathy and anxiety symptoms. To achieve this, two groups were created: experimental (N = 50) consisting of anxiety patients and control group (N = 19) consisting of healthy volunteers of which 12 finished both examinations. Scores of em- pathic functioning measured by STiP-5.1 and LPFS-BF 2.0 were taken before and after the 7week psychotherapeutic stay along with scores of Beck's questionnaires of anxiety and de- pression. To analyse the data non- parametric Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests, ANOVA (Kruskal-Wallis) and Spearman's correlation coefficient were used. Total emphatic functioning and all its facets improved (scores decreased) after psychotherapeutic stay in the experimental group; though the only...
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Personality functioning among people with neurotic disorder
Koderová, Hedvika ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Maryšková, Tereza (referee)
This thesis focuses on comparing personality functioning among neurotic patients and the general population. The mapping of levels of personality functioning was done using the semi- structured personality functioning interview STiP-5.1 according to the DSM-5 alternative model for personality disorders. The main aim of the study was to determine whether there is a difference in personality functioning between neurotic patients (N = 30) and the general population (N = 30). Differences were observed in the dimensions and aspects of the semi- structured interview of the STiP-5.1. The literature review section of the paper presented the understanding of anxiety and neuroticism from different perspectives and directions. Space was devoted to the origin and emergence of anxiety and its manifestations. Furthermore, the theoretical part of the thesis focused on the conception of neurotic disorders by classification manuals. Personality functioning according to DSM-5, different aspects and theoretical background were presented. Attention was paid to the definition of functional and dysfunctional personality abilities in the context of personality pathology. Subsequently, the two topics discussed were linked in a chapter that dealt with their interaction. In the empirical part of the thesis, the STiP-5.1...
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