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Nutritional and microbiological characterization of soya tempeh cheese
Sobotková, Markéta ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
Tempeh belongs to the fermented probiotic soybean products. Tempeh is a valuable nutritional foodstuff due to its rich source of protein, content of unsaturated fatty acids essential for human and high amount of antioxidants. The theoretical part describes nutritional composition of tempeh and soybeans. In the thesis are discussed positive and negative effects of soy on human health. In the thesis were followed up changes in the nutritional components caused by the fermentation process and the action of microorganisms. The experimental part deals with the identification of microorganisms, which are contained in three types of tempeh. Microorganisms were detected using method polymerase chain reaction. DNA was isolated from the products by use phenol extraction, using magnetic microparticles F-kol 77ox and magnetic nanoparticles F79/L3 PLL. As part of the nutritional analysis changes in individual nutrients and other substances in soybeans after tempeh fermentation have been studied. In the chosen products total content of essential nutrients – carbohydrates, lipids and proteins were analyzed. Amount of antioxidants such as phenolics and flavonoids were analysed by UV-VIS spectrophotometry. Determination of vitamin E content which was analysed by HPLC and determination presence of fatty acids which was determined by GC was incorporated to this thesis.
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VÝVOJ NOVÝCH RYBÍCH PRODUKTŮ PRO PŘEDŠKOLNÍ DĚTI
KALICOVOVÁ, Veronika
The aim of the diploma thesis was to develop newly innovative fish products. The intention is to increase fish consumption through new developed innovative fish products and proposed recipes. Fish supply healthy polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) to the human body, including eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are essential for the proper development of the human organism. 11 new products and 13 new recipes were developed, which were subsequently sensory evaluated by the main target group of consumers. Preschool children were chosen as the target group of consumers, because their consuming habits are established in this life period. The new fish products have met all legislative standards and limits of food safety. Nine products were positively evaluated by the target group. Five products were selected for further analyses (fish balls, fish burgers, fish ham, fish mistura, fish sausages). The issue was theoretically studied according to worldwide research studies. In practice, the project was implemented with coordinated comprehensive cooperation with nutritionists, fish product technologists, but also with preschool facility employees, children and their families. The output of this work are new fish products which are available on the market. Fish products were made from the muscle of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The market offer of nutritionally high-quality foods which have a positive impact on human health has been increased. At the same, time several recipes from the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have been proposed as a guide for easy preparation of healthy dishes.
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Quality indicators of meat from farm animals
PETÁKOVÁ, Šárka
The aim of this diploma work is to evaluate the meat quality of farm-raised deer meat and compare it with the quality of bull beef of identical age and similar breeding conditions, the core factor analysed in this research study is the muscle biochemical composition. A total of twelve deer and twelve young bulls, aged 20-24 months, were included in the experiment. The meat samples were taken from the longest back muscle of the specimens. The samples were subsequently analysed in the university labora-tory to determine the basic values of biochemical composition, namely water and protein content, intramuscular fat content and collagen content. Equally, the colour of the deer meat was measured. The results of water content in deer and beef reached comparable values, in deer the average water content was 75.39 % and in beef 75.66 %. The results correlate with the average water content previously reported in the literature (75-77 %). The protein content of venison was 22.30 % while that of beef was 21.53 %. The intramuscular fat content of deer meat was 0.43 %. In comparison, beef was 1.16 % fatter. The amount of collagen proteins showed the most significant difference. While deer meat contained only 0.73 % collagen protein, beef was significantly richer in collagen proteins, containing an average of 0.94 % collagen. This study found a statistically significant difference between deer and beef meat in the content of protein, fat and collagen proteins, indicating superior nutritional values in deer meat.
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The Usage of Plasma Technologies to Improve the Quality of Feedstuffs
HAVELKA, Zbyněk
The dissertation thesis deals with the problems of the use of plasma technologies in agriculture for the purpose of improving the quality of feedstuffs for agricultural animals. The attention is focused above all on the use of low-temperature gliding arc plasma discharge generated by the atmospheric pressure for the elimination of model fungal pathogens (T. virens) and for the testing of the possibility of the use of plasma for the decreasing of mycotoxin load (DON and D3G). The professional orientation of the dissertation thesis is strongly interdisciplinary with the overlap to the area of the physics of plasma, microbiology, zootechnics and the proposal and construction of technical facilities. With that corresponds also the division of thesis into individual chapters. In the research part, there is a summary of actual pieces of knowledge from the area of fungal microorganisms and mycotoxins produced by these with the view on their presence in feedstuffs. There follows a research of pieces of knowledge of low-temperature plasma and its applications in the food industry and feeding. In the chapter Material and Methodology, the applicated methods of work, employed instruments and biological material are described. The resulting part is, for its clear arrangement, divided into five subchapters ? stating of selected parameters of plasma device, influence of plasma on nutritional parameters, influence of plasma on the model fungus Trichoderma virens and possibilities of the use of plasma discharge for the decreasing of concentration of mycotoxins in feedstuffs. The final part is dedicated to the description of system which enables the treatment of samples in continuous regime. The treatment of mycelial discs by plasma discharge lead to the decrease of germination capacity of spores of fungi, while there was experimentally proven the synergic effect of the influence of individual mechanisms by which the plasma interacts with the surface of biological material. At the same time, there was not observed a more significant change in the composition of feedstuffs, more significant is only the change of humidity of sample. In the laboratory conditions, the decreasing of concentration of mycotoxins spread on laboratory glass was proven. At the samples of feedstuffs contaminated by natural way, it was not successful to reliably provedecreasing of concentration of mycotoxins in a sample as a result of plasma activity.
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Nutritional and microbiological characterization of soya tempeh cheese
Sobotková, Markéta ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
Tempeh belongs to the fermented probiotic soybean products. Tempeh is a valuable nutritional foodstuff due to its rich source of protein, content of unsaturated fatty acids essential for human and high amount of antioxidants. The theoretical part describes nutritional composition of tempeh and soybeans. In the thesis are discussed positive and negative effects of soy on human health. In the thesis were followed up changes in the nutritional components caused by the fermentation process and the action of microorganisms. The experimental part deals with the identification of microorganisms, which are contained in three types of tempeh. Microorganisms were detected using method polymerase chain reaction. DNA was isolated from the products by use phenol extraction, using magnetic microparticles F-kol 77ox and magnetic nanoparticles F79/L3 PLL. As part of the nutritional analysis changes in individual nutrients and other substances in soybeans after tempeh fermentation have been studied. In the chosen products total content of essential nutrients – carbohydrates, lipids and proteins were analyzed. Amount of antioxidants such as phenolics and flavonoids were analysed by UV-VIS spectrophotometry. Determination of vitamin E content which was analysed by HPLC and determination presence of fatty acids which was determined by GC was incorporated to this thesis.
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Comparison of eating habits at students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies
FILIPOVÁ, Petra
A theoretical part is focused on basic conceptions of alimentation, on influences affecting the nutrition and on various dietary components and their significance. Among others, this part emphasizes a proper nutrient intake and dietary guidelines. Three aims were defined in the practical part. The main objective was to determine eating habits of students from University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, whether they eat in compliance with the proper daily intake of calories and nutrients. Then to find out what leads students to an incorrect diet on the basis of found values to propose a healthier way of eating. In order to achieve the defined aims I used a qualitative research, an interviewing method and a technique of a semi-structured interview with 10 students. The interviews were made in the second part of February 2011. Four days were recorded at all respondents, beginning from Sunday. After the interviews were analysed and evaluated, I found out that 9 of 10 respondents have noticeable fluctuations of the daily caloric intake. At 10 respondents I recorded an irregularity of meals, a deficiency in fruits and vegetables intake and therefore a deficiency in vitamin C. The semi-structured interviews showed that 8 of 10 students had a redundant intake of proteins which could have negative impacts on the body. A choice of food at 9 of 10 students has been determined by price. 10 students do not have any health restrictions of the food intake. The research showed that while studying at the university the eating habits at 1 student of 10 changed positively, at 2 students there was no change and at 7 students the eating habits became worse. The bachelor thesis could be used for a better orientation in the given issues which point out errors in the alimentation and it will offer an extension of awareness at the lay and professional public.
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The catering habits of the pupils between the ages of 12-15 in Trebon and surroundings
PLOC, Milan
In my Bachelor seminar work I am concerned with the theme of - The diet habits of the pupils at the age of 12 to 15 in the region of Třeboň. In the theoretical part there are characterised the terms connected with the nutrition. The individual chapters are dealt with the basic elements of the nutrition and its importance for human body. Then I mention the overweight, the obesity and the eating diorders, that can influence the health of children. My research targets the diet habits of the children. It consists of 3 days monitoring questionnaires of the childrens´s diet. The aim of my research is the detection of the nutritional values of the particular foods and the energetic profit of the children during the day.
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