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Acquisition of reading using alternative methods and problems of minority groups
Mičková, Kateřina ; Zelinková, Olga (advisor) ; Štréblová, Miroslava (referee)
This master`s thesis deals with a topic of literacy and mainly with teaching reading. The research phase of this thesis defines literacy, minority groups, teaching reading methods and acquisition of reading skills. The practical part is based on a long term research under the authority of the Czech Science Foundation between 2009 and 2011. The thesis describes only one part of the research namely in the Hanspaulka primary school in Prague. The research deals with readiness of children for learning reading in the beginning of schooling when the phonics approach is being applied. The level of reading ability of children at the end of the first class was compared. The level of the relation between the good or the risk readiness for reading and the reading level at the end of the first class of primary school was being examined.
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Shifting punishment on minorities: experimental evidence of scapegoating
Bauer, Michal ; Cahlíková, J. ; Chytilová, Julie ; Roland, G. ; Želinský, T.
This paper provides experimental evidence showing that members of a majority group systematically shift punishment on innocent members of an ethnic minority. We develop a new incentivized task, the Punishing the Scapegoat Game, to measure how injustice affecting a member of one’s own group shapes punishment of an unrelated bystander (“a scapegoat”). We manipulate the ethnic identity of the scapegoats and study interactions between the majority group and the Roma minority in Slovakia. We find that when no harm is done, there is no evidence of discrimination against the ethnic minority. In contrast, when a member of one’s own group is harmed, the punishment ”passed” on innocent individuals more than doubles when they are from the minority, as compared to when they are from the dominant group. These results illuminate how individualized tensions can be transformed into a group conflict, dragging minorities into conflicts in a way that is completely unrelated to their behavior.
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Transcultural differences in the care for children´s patient
KOBZOVÁ, Andrea
Due to the higher migration rates, there is more cultural diffusion. The healthe care personnel will be dealing with patients from different cultures more often. This is why it is important to use an appropriate approach and give competent heathcare considering cultural backround of the patients. The goal of this thesis was to map the cultural differences in care for an underage patient and to trend the minority groups that are being cared for by nurses in the children's ward. To achieve the goal of this thesis, there were four specified questions and to achieve the result, there was a threephase trial, specifically qualitative trial supplemented with quantitative method using a questionnaire. The first phase was the pilot poll and a techniquire "snowball slamping" was used. The second phase of the trial consisted of pre-structured interviews with the nurses. The third phase consisted of pre-structured interviews with the parents. On the basis of this trial, it was concluded that the nurses are caring for Romany and Vietnamese minority groups most often. The other most patiens from Ukraine, Russia, Germany, Poland, Muslims and Jehova witnesses. The most common problems that occur during the care are: language barrier, cultural customs, communication and co-operation. Based on the data collected from interviews with nurses and parents, there are specific variations in expectency of care, such as food, daily regime, differences in behavour, communication, reliability to adhere to given rules and consequent care after the hospital stay. There are other different specifics such as rituals and traditions during child labour or at the time of death, celebration of different festivals, fasting and other spiritual needs. Traditions relating to refusal or demand of specific care were also mentioned. Results of this thesis were presented at the 13th Student conference in Pardubice and will be published in a technical journal.
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Fenomén uprchlictví a možnosti jeho využití v interaktivní výuce
ŠONKOVÁ, Eva
The submitted diploma thesis is focused on the refugee phenomenon and its classification among international migration issues as such, while the interest is focused mainly on immigration from third-world countries into European Union, accenting the Czech Republic. In this context, causes of growing tendency in international protection applicant and economic migrant numbers, but also responses caused by this fact, are being discussed. To enable a closer look at the multi-ethnic co-habitation character, there is secondary empirical data outlining the current situation of the majority´s relationship towards the ethnic and national plurality with regard to migration crisis given on the one hand, and determinants influencing the creation of different citizen attitudes on the other hand. Last but not least, there is some space left for chosen interactive education methods and didactic material based on them, which is useful when teaching about the controversial refugee issue in lessons of Civics.
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The Citizenship of the EU and the Roma as its Holders
Sedláčková, Martina ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Klípa, Ondřej (referee)
The year 2013 is devoted to the idea of citizenship of the European Union with an emphasis on a reflection of its basement and meaning. The thesis The Citizenship of the EU and the Roma as its holders therefore explores a presumption of equality of the citizens that follows the definition of the citizenship on the examples connected to the Roma ethnic minority. Firstly, the thesis focuses on the citizenship in general and from the theoretical point of view. It analyses the definition of the citizenship of the EU, its relation to a national citizenship of the Member states, its development, and the rights of the citizens. In addition to this it also presents a professional debate analysing a concept of the European citizenship. The second part of this work is dedicated to the Roma directly. It shows the bonds of the Roma towards Europe through the history and the territory. More importantly it presents two cases that indicate a limitation of the EU citizenship rights for the Roma people. The first one discovers a structural discrimination of the citizens of the EU who do not have a residence in the Member state. This is one of the consequences of their nomadic way of life still preferred by some the Roma people. Subsequently, the second case analyses a controversial event of an expulsion of the Roma...
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Acquisition of reading using alternative methods and problems of minority groups
Mičková, Kateřina ; Zelinková, Olga (advisor) ; Štréblová, Miroslava (referee)
This master`s thesis deals with a topic of literacy and mainly with teaching reading. The research phase of this thesis defines literacy, minority groups, teaching reading methods and acquisition of reading skills. The practical part is based on a long term research under the authority of the Czech Science Foundation between 2009 and 2011. The thesis describes only one part of the research namely in the Hanspaulka primary school in Prague. The research deals with readiness of children for learning reading in the beginning of schooling when the phonics approach is being applied. The level of reading ability of children at the end of the first class was compared. The level of the relation between the good or the risk readiness for reading and the reading level at the end of the first class of primary school was being examined.
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