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Automated bioreactor for the cultivation of living cells
Ukropcová, Iveta ; Tolde, Ondřej (referee) ; Dostál, Zbyněk (advisor)
Control of cultivation conditions in the~live cell imaging extends the possibilities of biological experiments and makes the experimental results more reliable. In order to change the~cultivation conditions in a controlled manner and increase the reproducibility of the experiments, it is necessary to reduce the amount of manual operations and replace them with automated procedures. Therefore, the concept of a new automated culture device (bioreactor) was created. This device controls the exchange of medium in the observation chamber, ensures the circulation and exchange of the atmosphere and controls its composition. The bioreactor is intended for use in the Laboratory of Experimental Biophotonics. This laboratory is equipped with coherence-controlled holographic microscope (CCHM), which uses quantitative phase imaging (QPI) method. Thus, the bioreactor is adapted to the current requirements of this laboratory and optical elements of the bioreactor meet the requirements of the QPI method. This text specifies the cultivation conditions of the living cells and summarizes, how the conditions could be controlled in the live cell microscopy. Next some commercially available culture devices are described and assessed, whether they are convenient for the~use in Laboratory of Experimental Biophotonics. The crucial part of the thesis is the~design, construction and testing of the new bioreactor.
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Interaction of plants and soil and other factors affecting plant invasiveness
Aldorfová, Anna ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Allan, Eric (referee) ; Šmilauer, Petr (referee)
Plant invasions represent a major ecological and socio-economical issue and understanding the drivers as well as consequences of plant invasions is thus one of the main goals of plant ecology. It is equally important to reveal general patterns underlying plant invasions and to understand the details of biology of individual invaders. In this thesis I explored plant-soil feedback (PSF) as a possible general mechanism underlying plant invasiveness, and also focused in detail on drivers and consequences of Impatiens parviflora invasion. The aims of this thesis were to i) assess the differences in intraspecific PSF between invasive and alien non-invasive species using a large set of species; ii) explore the relationship between PSF, residence time and phylogenetic novelty of the alien species; iii) compare the importance of PSF and other plant characteristics for plant invasiveness; iv) compare PSF between invasive and native congeners of similar level of dominance in the field; v) evaluate the effect of cultivating conditions on results of PSF experiments; vi) describe invasion dynamics and determine factors affecting spread of invasive I. parviflora using a method of monitoring its natural spread in several types of habitats, and vii) assess the impact of I. parviflora on native vegetation of oak-...
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Interaction of plants and soil and other factors affecting plant invasiveness
Aldorfová, Anna
Plant invasions represent a major ecological and socio-economical issue and understanding the drivers as well as consequences of plant invasions is thus one of the main goals of plant ecology. It is equally important to reveal general patterns underlying plant invasions and to understand the details of biology of individual invaders. In this thesis I explored plant-soil feedback (PSF) as a possible general mechanism underlying plant invasiveness, and also focused in detail on drivers and consequences of Impatiens parviflora invasion. The aims of this thesis were to i) assess the differences in intraspecific PSF between invasive and alien non-invasive species using a large set of species; ii) explore the relationship between PSF, residence time and phylogenetic novelty of the alien species; iii) compare the importance of PSF and other plant characteristics for plant invasiveness; iv) compare PSF between invasive and native congeners of similar level of dominance in the field; v) evaluate the effect of cultivating conditions on results of PSF experiments; vi) describe invasion dynamics and determine factors affecting spread of invasive I. parviflora using a method of monitoring its natural spread in several types of habitats, and vii) assess the impact of I. parviflora on native vegetation of oak-...
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Interaction of plants and soil and other factors affecting plant invasiveness
Aldorfová, Anna
Plant invasions represent a major ecological and socio-economical issue and understanding the drivers as well as consequences of plant invasions is thus one of the main goals of plant ecology. It is equally important to reveal general patterns underlying plant invasions and to understand the details of biology of individual invaders. In this thesis I explored plant-soil feedback (PSF) as a possible general mechanism underlying plant invasiveness, and also focused in detail on drivers and consequences of Impatiens parviflora invasion. The aims of this thesis were to i) assess the differences in intraspecific PSF between invasive and alien non-invasive species using a large set of species; ii) explore the relationship between PSF, residence time and phylogenetic novelty of the alien species; iii) compare the importance of PSF and other plant characteristics for plant invasiveness; iv) compare PSF between invasive and native congeners of similar level of dominance in the field; v) evaluate the effect of cultivating conditions on results of PSF experiments; vi) describe invasion dynamics and determine factors affecting spread of invasive I. parviflora using a method of monitoring its natural spread in several types of habitats, and vii) assess the impact of I. parviflora on native vegetation of oak-...
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Stanovení biologicky aktivních metabolitů jednobuněčných řas za různých kultivačních podmínek
Malyugina, Svetlana
This thesis studies effect of cultivation conditions on the production of secondary me-tabolites in the green microalgae Scenedesmus quadricauda. During the experiment was studied influence of pH, UVC radiation, light intensity and various temperature conditions on the amount of biologically active compounds (polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidants). Metabolites were determined using biochemical analytical methods. The total content of polyphenols was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, which is based on chemical reaction of phenols with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The total con-tent of flavonoids was determined spectrophotometrically using AlCl3.6H2O with the addition of NaNO2 and 1 M NaOH. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was deter-mined using phosphomolybdenun antioxidant assay. Antioxidant activity was stimu-lated by UVC radiation. The highest value being recorded when samples were exposed to UVC for 5 minutes. Light intensity and the temperature changes did not have significant effect on antioxidant activity of studied samples. There was an increase in TAC in samples cultured in acid pH medium (4 and 5). The content of polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds with high light intensity (3500, 4000 lx) and high tempera-tures (35 °C, 40 °C) decreased. Conversely, changes in pH and UV-C stimulate biosyn-thesis of both polyphenols and flavonoids. The greatest increase of these compounds was observed in the medium with pH = 4 and the time of exposure to UV-C for 5 minutes a day.
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Automated bioreactor for the cultivation of living cells
Ukropcová, Iveta ; Tolde, Ondřej (referee) ; Dostál, Zbyněk (advisor)
Control of cultivation conditions in the~live cell imaging extends the possibilities of biological experiments and makes the experimental results more reliable. In order to change the~cultivation conditions in a controlled manner and increase the reproducibility of the experiments, it is necessary to reduce the amount of manual operations and replace them with automated procedures. Therefore, the concept of a new automated culture device (bioreactor) was created. This device controls the exchange of medium in the observation chamber, ensures the circulation and exchange of the atmosphere and controls its composition. The bioreactor is intended for use in the Laboratory of Experimental Biophotonics. This laboratory is equipped with coherence-controlled holographic microscope (CCHM), which uses quantitative phase imaging (QPI) method. Thus, the bioreactor is adapted to the current requirements of this laboratory and optical elements of the bioreactor meet the requirements of the QPI method. This text specifies the cultivation conditions of the living cells and summarizes, how the conditions could be controlled in the live cell microscopy. Next some commercially available culture devices are described and assessed, whether they are convenient for the~use in Laboratory of Experimental Biophotonics. The crucial part of the thesis is the~design, construction and testing of the new bioreactor.
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Interaction of plants and soil and other factors affecting plant invasiveness
Aldorfová, Anna ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Allan, Eric (referee) ; Šmilauer, Petr (referee)
Plant invasions represent a major ecological and socio-economical issue and understanding the drivers as well as consequences of plant invasions is thus one of the main goals of plant ecology. It is equally important to reveal general patterns underlying plant invasions and to understand the details of biology of individual invaders. In this thesis I explored plant-soil feedback (PSF) as a possible general mechanism underlying plant invasiveness, and also focused in detail on drivers and consequences of Impatiens parviflora invasion. The aims of this thesis were to i) assess the differences in intraspecific PSF between invasive and alien non-invasive species using a large set of species; ii) explore the relationship between PSF, residence time and phylogenetic novelty of the alien species; iii) compare the importance of PSF and other plant characteristics for plant invasiveness; iv) compare PSF between invasive and native congeners of similar level of dominance in the field; v) evaluate the effect of cultivating conditions on results of PSF experiments; vi) describe invasion dynamics and determine factors affecting spread of invasive I. parviflora using a method of monitoring its natural spread in several types of habitats, and vii) assess the impact of I. parviflora on native vegetation of oak-...
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Somatic embryogenesis of conifers: description of structural development
Kadlecová, Marie ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Konrádová, Hana (referee)
Somatic embryogenesis is a very important tool of in vitro cultivation, therefore, it has recently devoted adequate attention. Stages of somatic embryogenesis involve several consecutive steps: induction of embryogenic culture and its proliferation, maturation of embryo, desiccation, germination and subsequent transfer of embryos into young seedlings. All of these steps are directly influenced by many factors, such as a choice of the original explant, time of cultivation, physical conditions or the composition of the culture medium. There are still emerging new studies describing how the culture conditions and, thus, the quality of embryos could be improved. An important prerequisite for further improving the quality of somatic embryos is good knowledge of aculture protocol, i.e. right concentrations of amended substances in the culture medium, the timing of each step, using the suitable explants etc. Another very important thing is good knowledge of development of all anatomical structures established during embryogenesis. Only then it will get closer to the point when somatic embryos will not arise only in the laboratory, but could be successfully used in practice. The object of this work is to summarize existing knowledge about development of all anatomical structures during somatic...
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