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Second Nature: A Contribution to the Social Philosophy of Art
Stejskal, Jakub ; Zuska, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee) ; Hrubec, Marek (referee)
- Doctoral Thesis Second Nature: A Contribution to the Social Philosophy of Art (Jakub Stejskal) In what sense can one speak of art as a source of insight into the social? In my thesis I focus on criticizing a position that explains art's social-cognitive potential in terms of its purported intrinsic adherence to a normative view of society as a reconciled second nature: Art either offers insight into the nature of social reality as such a second nature or it makes us feel its unreconciled condition and becomes a promise of reconciliation. I identify two traditions of art interpretation holding this position, which both have their intellectual roots in early German Idealism: the Frankfurt Critical Theory and analytic Kantian Revisionism. In the writings of their adherents art is - implicitly or explicitly - understood essentially as a means of enchantment and affirmation that can at most suppress its affirmative character in the name of future reconciliation. Against this conception I develop an understanding of artistic modernism as belonging to an aesthetics of disenchantment, which takes art to be a way of establishing a specific cognitive distance from the social second nature without evoking reconciliation.
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Transformation of cult and conceptual value in history of photography
Dotřel, Jan ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Zuska, Vlastimil (referee)
This historical work focuses on the theory of photography. It is divided into three autonomous episodes chronologically correspond to three historical stages. These parts are connected with one genealogies of one possible reading of the photography. The first part deals with the historical circumstances and causes of the birth of photography. The second phase describes the later period of history of the Weimar Republic and photographic movement of Neue Sachlichkeit. The last part concentrates on Düsseldorf School of Photography and its current followers. These historical eras combines the aesthetic issues of cult and conceptual values, which is demonstrated on the way how read the photographic medium as a specific aesthetic phenomenon.
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Theory of universals in J. Locke and W. Ockham
BAUER, Lukáš
This thesis deals with universals, as conceived by J. Locke and W. Ockham. It is based on two major writings: William Ockham´s ?Ordinatio? and John Locke´s ?An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding?. The first part of the thesis summarizes the main points of theories that deal with universals. Ockham´s theory of ?fictum?, its subsequent criticism and theory ?intellectio?. The section on the theory of J. Locke is based on the theory of general ideas. The final part focuses on the comparison of these theories. Whether you can find some similarities. The last step is the application of criticism of Ockham´s fictum theory to Locke´s theory of universal ideas.
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Conceptualisation of Art: Negation of Form and the Problem of Nature of Conceptual Art.
ŘÍHOVÁ, Monika
The bachelor thesis deals with the problematic aspects of avant-garde, which were amplified and developed in the postwar movement known as neo-avant-garde in visual art, and especially with its conceptual tendencies which represent constant challenge for current aesthetics. Firstly the basis of aesthetic theory of art will be outlined in order to explain and show where the critique of aesthetics by conceptual artists is leading to. Then it introduces possibilities and limits of selected definition strategies, character of the relationship of conceptual art to other types of art and non-artistic activities, especially its approach to the philosophy and science. The key points of this thesis are: What is conceptualism? What transforms the neo-avant-garde pieces of works into art? Can we apply aesthetic categories at conceptualism? In which way does the conceptual piece work as a symbol?
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