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Applied art x object
Gotvaldová, Anna ; Pfeiffer, Jan (advisor) ; Tsikoliya, Lenka (referee)
In the theoretical part the bachelor thesis focuses on differences between applied art and object, their interplay, collaboration, but also competition between them. It outlines all aspects influencingthis boundary, whichcanquicklychange withinvarious contexts, and provides perspectives from which it can be viewed. It examines the historical development of applied art, design, and ceramics and compares their roles in artistic objects. It introduces significant authors and approaches of prominent designers, and artists. The practical part is devoted to the connection of authorial ceramic objects with Štěpán Tabery's glass lamp. It is a series of unconventional connections of disrupted lamp with ceramic objects, gradually transitioning from applied creation to a complete transformation of the original character of the lightning. Each version can be placed in a different environment supporting the idea of the power of presentation and post- production of the object. The resulting scale demonstrates the imaginary boundary between the world of design and art. In the didactic part, a draft of a semi-structured in- depth questionnaire mapping pupils' experiences with the area of teaching and conducting art education at primary school and in the lower grades of grammar school is created, focused on its...
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Utilization of finite fracture mechanics for correction of fracture toughness measurement on samples with various notch root geometry
Dohnal, Petr ; Majer, Zdeněk (referee) ; Ševeček, Oldřich (advisor)
The work deals with the use of numerical simulations and the theory of finite fracture mechanics for the analysis of conditions for the formation of a crack in a ceramic test sample with a notch (loaded by four-point bending) and possible ways of correcting the fracture toughness determined experimentally on samples with different notch root radius. For this purpose, a parametric calculation model was created to simulate the fracture toughness test by four-point bending. In the first step, the calculation of the critical force at which a crack occurs in a test specimen with a rounded notch and its subsequent unstable propagation through the remaining cross-section of the specimen was debugged. For this purpose, the finite element method (FEM) and the coupled stress-energy criterion were used. In the next step, the procedure of calculation of fracture forces was also applied to a set of experimental samples in order to compare the numerical prediction with experimentally measured values. Two methods of correction of the fracture toughness determined experimentally are also proposed in the thesis. One uses for a correction of the measured values numerical calculation using the coupled stress-energy criterion. In the second case, a correction function was derived using numerical simulation, which no longer needs an FEM calculation for its future use. Correction of the measured fracture toughness using the function proved to be better but not completely effective for the entire range of investigated notch root radii. When comparing with other correction functions found in the literature, it can be stated that the correction procedure proposed in the work provides a better agreement with the real value of the fracture toughness of the given material up to a certain value of the notch root radius.
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3D microstructure evaluation of developed Si3N4 material for alloyed wire rolling applications
Lövy, Vít ; Salamon, David (referee) ; Chlup, Zdeněk (advisor)
This diploma thesis is devoted to the use of 3D reconstruction using EBSD method for microstructural analysis of silicon nitride ceramic material predetermined for the rolling-mill used in the wire production. Application of this method can be used for the grain structure reconstruction and basic microstructural parameters can be than extracted. The development of a suitable method for 3D reconstruction of the structure of the materials the main aim of this work. There are described the different steps begun by sample preparation from the investigated material trough the optimisation of analysis parameters up to the visualization of the grain structure. New type of sample geometry has been designed which leads to the better and faster observation of the microstructure of ceramic materials. This thesis also describes optimal reconstruction parameters such as the geometry of the assembly used in the microscope without mechanical movement of the sample or the influence of conductive coating prepared via in-situ sputtering of suitable metal, or adjustment of the electron and ion beams. Further are described two options of software which can be used for the final generation of 3D structure information and are assessed their advantages and disadvantages. The effect of the filter setting and other parameters and their influence on the resulting structural parameters are also evaluated.
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Design of Car Initiator
Suchý, Jan ; Píštěk, Václav (referee) ; Novotný, Pavel (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on proposal solution of automotive initiator construction and design. The proposal is being carried out with regard to the need to ensure the maximum functionality of the whole element. As for the choice of materials and used technology the costs and procedures commonly used today are not being taken into account. The main objective is to eliminate the shortcomings of current automotive initiators and the proposal of technological procedures in the production of a new component.
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Low temperature tests and fracture toughness of selected ceramic materials
Beck, Branislav ; Drdlík, Daniel (referee) ; Chlup, Zdeněk (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with the determination of fracture toughness values of sintered silicon carbide and casted basalt using both the Single Edge V-Notch Beam (SEVNB) and the Chevron Notched Beam (CNB) methods at room and cryogenic temperatures. The first part of this thesis offers general overview and categorization of ceramic materials. Fracture mechanics of the ceramic materials and available fracture toughness testing methods are discussed in following chapters. The last section in the theoretical part is aimed to the microstructure and properties of the silicon carbide. Experimental part of the work summarizes methods used for characterization of selected materials from the microstructural and fracture point of view. Preparation of samples for microstructural observation and samples for fracture toughness determination are described in details. The results of the fracture toughness data for sintered silicon carbide and cast-basalt obtained at room temperature and at -100 °C are displayed. Consideration of possible measurements errors and application of various fracture toughness testing methods are discussed in the next chapter of this work. The difference in the fracture toughness values with the decrease of testing temperature was found. The difference depends on both, the used method of fracture toughness determination and the material used for the tests. The most important results gained during the experimental work are summarized in the chapter “Conclusions”.
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Synthesis and sintering of zirconia based ceramics for biomedical applications
Jahodová, Daniela ; Novotná, Lenka (referee) ; Částková, Klára (advisor)
The present thesis focuses on the preparation of tetragonal zirconia doped with yttria oxide, ceric dioxide, and magnesium oxide. In its theoretical part the thesis covers the characteristics of doped ceramics, the possible methods of powders preparation and of their further processing. The experimental part describes the precipitation synthesis of zirconia in base environment and further processing for ceramics. Also studied were the influences of dopant and of the processing technique used on the phase composition and microstructure of the resulting ceramics. To describe the powder structure, the thermal, dilatometric, surface area, and x-ray analyses were performed; as well as both the scanning and transmission electron microscopy employed. Dry processed ceramics showed the average grain size of 87–94 nm and the relative density in the range of 84,0–99,3 %. In comparison, the ceramics produced of hydrothermally synthesised powders proved the average grain size of 75–85 nm and the relative density between 92,7-99,9 %. As the next step, samples were subjected to low-temperature degradation for the time of 5 and 15 hours. Samples consisting of pure tetragonal ZrO2 were resistant to 5 and 15 hours of low-temperature degradation at 180 °C.
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Thermoplastic extrusion of ceramic materials with ionic and mixed conductivity
Kaštyl, Jaroslav ; Matoušek, Aleš (referee) ; Trunec, Martin (advisor)
In the bachelor thesis, an overview of the existing literature focused on thermoplastic extrusion method was worked out and based on the findings; the conditions for extrusion of mixtures with zirconia were optimized in order to produce rods. Great attention was paid to dimensional and shape precision of ceramic parts. Two methods were applied when preparing the ceramic mixtures – mixing and dissolving. These methods have been compared on the basis of the results achieved in rheological measurements of flow properties, microstructure and dimensional accuracy of the sintered rods. Having verified the efficiency of mixture dissolving, this method was used to prepare mixtures with different contents of cellulose and binder.
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Study of manganese segregation in Mn-doped transparent alumina ceramics
Pišťák, Jan ; Maca, Karel (referee) ; Drdlík, Daniel (advisor)
This work deals with the preparation of Al2O3 ceramics doped with manganese, the study of basic physical and microstructural properties and the description of the dissolution kinetics of manganese in the Al2O3 matrix. Al2O3 ceramics and Al2O3 ceramics doped with 1 and 5 at.% Mn3O4 with different dopant particle sizes were successfully prepared by the slip casting method. The prepared ceramic materials were sintered at temperatures of 1100 and 1150 °C with different dwell times. The density in sintered samples was monitored depending on the preparation parameters and thermal treatment conditions. It was found during the microstructure observation that even at a relatively low temperature, the rapid dissolution of the dopant in the Al2O3 matrix occurred, while in the samples containing 1 at.% Mn3O4, this dopant was already completely dissolved. In the case of samples with a concentration of 5 at.% Mn3O4, a spinel phase was identified in the matrix. In addition, some samples were found to have unreacted dopant particles excreted from the matrix during ceramographic processing. Therefore, the goal of the bachelor thesis could not be completely fulfilled, i.e. the kinetics of dopant dissolution could not be studied for objective reasons.
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The optimization of phosphate binders compozition used for refractories
Kalousová, Hana ; Ptáček, Petr (referee) ; Opravil, Tomáš (advisor)
This thesis deals with optimization of the composition phosphate binders. These binders are used in production of refractories. In this branch, the bauxite is very often used as an aggregate, but it contains tiny particles of iron which arise in milling process. These particles of iron react with the phosphate binder to form hydrogen – it is consequence of the reaction between phosphoric acid and iron. The formed gas causes the formation of bubbles and the deformation of refractories. The goal of this thesis is to find suitable additives which can be used to stop or to limit the production of hydrogen. Usually used binders were replaced by a model binder to simplify the system and for better understanding. The model binder was prepared in laboratory by dissolving aluminium hydroxide in phosphoric acid. They used pure powdered pentacarbonyl iron instead of tiny iron particles from the milling process. The model binder was modified with using a few inhibitors. The calcimetr was used to measure their influence on the production of hydrogen, as well as measuring concentrated rows of selected inhibitors. These rows are necessary to optimize the inhibitors quantity added in the binder.
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