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Possibilities of Vehicle Lighting to Increase Road Transport Safety
Balharová, Gabriela ; Kresta, Vojtěch (referee) ; Tokař, Stanislav (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the possibilities of illumination of motor vehicles. Thesis is divided into two sections, from which the first discusses precisely the possibilities of lighting of motor vehicles at the present time. What are the modern lighting techniques, that can be found on the market and what is their impact on safety enhancement in road traffic. Second section is about the practical measurement of low and high beam afterglow. This measurement is being compared between two types of headlamps, namely halogen headlights and xenon headlights. Part of the measurement is as well measurement of illumination intensity precisely for these headlights. The output of measurement is the creation of own illumination intensity diagrams and afterglow diagrams of particular headlights, in comparison to isolux diagrams provided by the headlights manufacturer. Consequently are solved the issues about utilization of the isolux diagrams in expert praxis.
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The Lighting Equipment Used in Modern Vehicles and the Measurement of the Range of Visibility of the Main Headlights
Martínek, Michal ; Kropáč, František (referee) ; Vémola, Aleš (advisor)
This magister’s thesis is about modern lighting of vehicles, the visual range and afterglow in poor visibility. The first part of the thesis provides a detailed analysis of the current situation and problems, including a comprehensive description of the sources of light radiation, lamps, structures, and describe the systems used in modern lighting technology of vehicles. In the second part of the thesis there are the scientific methods to determine the issue of visual range and afterglow of the headlights. The second part is about the application of acquired techniques to detect an afterglow and the visual range of vehicles with modern headlights with a light source with xenon lamp, compared with a vehicle with a halogen lamp and a vehicle with an older halogen headlight.
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Measurement of operating room lights quality
Rovná, Tereza ; Potočňák, Tomáš (referee) ; Harabiš, Vratislav (advisor)
This thesis is focused on measuring the quality of lighting in operating rooms. Operating lights are very demanding in terms of quality requirements for each parameter, so it is important to specify exactly these parameters and check them regurarly. To measure the quality of the light source, was used a special kit from Maquet. Measurement procedure was not as accurate as it was for operating lighting need, therefore, this work includes a proposal to improve the measurement of quality lighting in operating theaters. In cooperation with University Hospital Brno Bohunice University Hospital Motol and the company Maquet measured nine operating lights, each light were compared in terms of parameters such as maximum light intensity, light distribution in the surgical field. In each category were selected several lighting, which reached the best results. The various parameters were compared with values declared by the manufacturer.
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The impact of architectural lighting on the environment of NKP Vyšehrad area
Kučera, Patrik ; Kárníková, Hana ; Maierová, Lenka
Architectural lighting performs an aesthetic function, accentuating the significance of historic buildings or important public spaces. At the time of the creation of historic buildings, the artificial night lighting of facades was neither affordable nor technologically feasible. The architecture was designed for daylighting, which is dynamic and creates different shadows and contrasts. With the coming of new powerful LED sources, lighting is becoming more and more involved in the atmosphere of the night environment, not only on festive occasions but also permanently. Intense cones of light create new, foreign elements in the nightscape. The increase in the frequency and intensity of electric lighting in the night environment contributes to light pollution that burdens nature and degrades the cultural landscape. The study analyses the illumination of the historic buildings of the Vyšehrad, assessing the effect of lighting on the monumental value of the buildings and the degree of interference with the natural environment of the park. Using brightness analysis, it monitors the adequacy of light use, identifies excessively illuminated areas, and places at risk of glare from light sources. The results demonstrate the contribution of architectural lighting to light pollution. Highintensity lighting and placement of light sources that do not support the plasticity of architectural detail affect the historical context in the environment - high contrasts affect visual comfort and user orientation. Light cones encroaching into the tree canopy have a negative impact. The excessive intensity and inappropriate direction of light are also detrimental to the wider context of the city.
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Chosen Aspects of Light in Sacred Architecture
Šťasta, Jiří ; Kopeček,, Pavel (referee) ; Hrubý, Jan (referee) ; Drápal, Jaroslav (advisor)
Different approaches to the light is emblematic reflection of the current era and it´s cultural a social aspects. The materials are still being developped but the light is everlasting participant of the architecture. The light is basic element which each architect or artist must confront and use it. Due to this we can watch the work with light, analyse it´s use during the ages of the sacred architecture. The work of an architect is situated in the intersection of theoretic and technical fields of human activities. It´s necessary that the artist or architect knows the theoretic aspects of the light but also that knows real numeral values of the coming light. It is good to know the reasons why and for what was the light used in the past and it´s also needed to have a knowledge how much of the light was used in the liturgical space. How much of the light was used in the interior in the past and how much do we use it nowadays? Is it possible to analyse the tendency in the use of the natural light? These questions are useful in forming new liturgical spaces also in nowadays. The first part of this work is focused on the theoretic aspects of the light (liturgy, theology, psychology and ergonomics). The second part of the work describes the measurements of the intensity of the natural light in the sacred spaces in the different selected churches. The conclusion compares different measured values in each sacred building and the results are included to the larger scientific and historical context. The aim of this work was to evaluate specific interior lightning conditions by unified methodology and to apply it on the larger scientific experience which regards the architectonical practice and the forming of the liturgical spaces.
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Possibilities of simulation modeling of traffic accidents with reduced visibility
Rozsíval, Jan ; Motl, Jakub (referee) ; Bradáč, Albert (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the possibilities of simulation modeling with reduced visibility in the Virtual CRASH program, which as the only available programs allows work both with the help of mathematical models to simulate vehicle movement and change parameters to simulate reduced visibility, lighting, etc. The theoretical part contains a description of photometric quantities, deals with the human eye and its ability to see under reduced visibility, a description of the luxmeter meter and luminance analyzers. Here are four main reasons for reduced visibility and their description. It contains a sample of the most used programs used to deal with traffic accidents. The four types of headlights most commonly used in today's vehicles are listed and described. In the experimental part, two measurements were performed. The first measurement to obtain input values to obtain a black and white texture determining the shape of the light rays emanating from the vehicle headlights. The second experiment to obtain the contrasts of the white box, black box and pedestrian for subsequent comparison with the output of the Virtual CRASH program.
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IoT air monitoring
Kousal, Martin ; Povalač, Aleš (referee) ; Frýza, Tomáš (advisor)
The purpose of this bachelor work is to make a device that can measure air quality parameters and send them wirelessly to the server, where that measured data are processed and then shown to the user. The aim is to create a device with the lowest possible power consumption for the possibility of battery operation.
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Vliv intenzity umělého osvětlení reflektorů na průběh fyziologických funkcí operátorů harvestorů a forwarderů
Smejkalová, Marcela
The aim of the bachelor thesis was measuring and assessing the level of light intensity at the spotlights of individual machines. It was also examined to what extent the light intensity has effect on physiological functions and their progress. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the knowledge and facts gained from the study of professional literature. The practical part is to measure the physiological functions of Biofeedback 2000 x-pert. This apparatus recorded seven physiological functions during four and a half hours of working time. The next step was to measure the light intensity of reflectors using a luxmer. Measurement of maximum light intensity was performed. In addition, a light intensity of 10 x 5 m working area around the machine was detected and the last light intensity was also detected up to 20 m from the machine. The data was then processed, evaluated and presented in the discussion.
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Street Lighting Control
Kořenek, Jan ; Krbal, Michal (referee) ; Štěpánek, Jaroslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals in a theoretical part with the origin of the light, his features and lighttechnical quantities. There are also characterized light sources, which are currently most used to control street lighting. There are further described basics of the street light and currently most used ways of street lighting control. Further part of this thesis is focused on practical control of different types of light sources and monitoring their parameters, such as luminous flux, power, efficiency or correlated colour temperature during voltage reduction. These light sources are high pressure sodium lamps, halogenid lamp, fluorescent lamp and high pressure mercury lamp. Main conclusion from measurements are several cross characteristics, where is possible to monitor behavior of the parameters during voltage reduction. The last part concerned about practical street lighting control in Bezděkov, which is a village located near Havlíčkův Brod. There was connected the dimmer. On the street was created net of points according to the standard. In these points were measured illuminance for voltage 230 V and then for lower voltages 210 V and 190 V. These values were processed and average and minimum value was compared with the value defined in the standard.
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