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Tremolo effect with high modulation frequency range
Pazdera, Michal ; Dvořák, Jan (referee) ; Kubánek, David (advisor)
This work was created while designing the dynamic modulation effect „tremolo“. Because there are certain conditions (wide modulation frequency range, precise input of parameters and precise indication), this work is going to be constructed mainly of searching the right components and schematics, especially wide range frequency oscillator with a period from seconds to the frequency of hundreds of hertz, possible digital frequency counter, which serves as a precise indicator, but we will also talk attenuators, amplifiers, driving circtuits or a power circuit. Possible equations, schematics/circuits and their improvements can be found here through simulators Falstad (ideal circuits) and LTspice (real ciruits), also graphs, sheets, calculations. In the end there is also a short description of the two famous tremolo effects from BOSS and Schaller manufacturers. The design was constructed on breadboard, measured into the protocol and experimentally tested using soundcard. Based on those measurements, a model laboratory task for students has been made.
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Vibration and Acoustic Emission Reduction of Powertrains using Virtual Engine
Svída, David ; Kovář, Rudolf (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (referee) ; Kovář, Rudolf (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (referee) ; Píštěk, Václav (advisor)
Doctoral thesis deals with combustion engine cranktrain vibrations and vibration analysis methods. The work applies new computational models aimed at powertrain vibration decrease. The computational models can be used in the first stages of powertrain development. Temperature dependences of the rubber shear modulus and loss factor characteristic are found by response analysis of the free damped vibrations in the first part of the thesis. Viscoelastic model parameters of two dampers with different rubber hardness are calculated using optimization methods. Temperature distribution inside the rubber part during the harmonic oscillation is calculated with the knowledge of previous values. Computational models together with a user interface are assembled in Matlab/Simulink software tool. Computational model results of the viscoelastic rubber damper are verified by measurements on a prototype diesel engine in the whole operating engine speed range. Torsional vibrations of the crankshaft with torsional damper are measured by POLYTEC laser rotational tools. The temperature distribution on the damper surface is obtained by Infratec VarioCAM thermographic system. Combustion pressures in the cylinder are measured by SMETEC Combi indication tools. Both the temperature distributions and combustion pressures are used for computational purposes. All the measurement procedures are described also in the thesis.
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Prevention of Postoperative Complications in Women after Caesarean Section
MUNKOVÁ, Eliška
The bachelor thesis deals with the prevention of postoperative complications in women after caesarean section. The thesis was divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis explains the problems of caesarean section and its definition, history, indications, surgical techniques and types of anaesthesia that could be used during this operation. Last but not least, the thesis focuses on possible postoperative complications associated with caesarean section and on preventive steps for postoperative complications. At the same time, the theoretical part deals with the care provided by the midwife to the woman before, during and after the procedure. The aim of the qualitative research part was to find out what is the prevention of post-operative complications in a woman after caesarean section. One research question was set and that was: what care midwives provide to women after caesarean section in the prevention of post-operative complications. The data collection was done during the month of February and March 2023. Two research sets were set. The first research set was midwives working in the six-week care unit, providing care to women after caesarean section. The second research set was women who had a history of but-at least one caesarean section. Midwives PA1-PA9 and women I1-I8 agreed to provide a semi-structured interview. In the semi-structured interview, midwives were asked a total of 10 questions regarding the preventive measures they provide to women in their post-operative care. Women were asked 15 questions and were asked about their experiences of the post-operative care provided. After the interviews were transcribed verbatim, they were analysed by colouring the text. The midwives' and women's responses were coded and the main categories and their sub-categories emerged from the data analysis. The categories of midwives' data were titled: Care of the woman after SC and Postoperative complications. The women's data categories were called: Pre-operative phase, Post-operative phase, and Care provided. The research findings revealed that midwives working in the six-week care unit care for the woman after surgery by monitoring her health status to prevent postoperative complications along with education. As part of their continuing education, they regularly attend seminars on the prevention of post-operative complications and the care to be given to women after a caesarean section. This bachelor thesis could provide midwifery students with inspiration to improve the quality of care provided to the woman. Despite the significant positives of the results obtained, the research part also revealed shortcomings in the care provided after caesarean section. The shortcomings were mainly found in ineffective communication between the midwife and the woman, as well as inadequate education.
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Stereotactic body raditherapy (SBRT)
REICHLOVÁ, Kristýna
The topic of this bachelor thesis is stereotactic body radiotherapy. SBRT is one of the most modern methods of treating localized tumor lesions. High doses of ionizing radiation and a small number of irradiated fractions are used when it is applicated. It can be implemented on specialized irradiation devices, e.g., on modern linear accelerators (Tomotherapy, True Beam) or on a cybernetic linear accelerator (Cyberknife). It is a non-invasive, short-term and very effective treatment replacing surgery. Intensive image verification of the target volume is necessary for its application, either in form of active monitoring of tumor movement during irradiation, using 4D radiotherapy methods or CT verification. The bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part describes mainly selected facts about ionizing radiation, processes taking place in irradiated tissue, presents the SBRT method, its principles, indications for extracranial stereotaxy, instrumentation, fixation aids and possible side effects and complications of this treatment. The main part of the practical part was to find out the level of awareness of radiological assistants about the principles, variants of indications of extracranial stereotactic radiotherapy. It is implemented in the form of a questionnaire which was filled in by a total of 79 respondents and the results showed that the level of awareness of radiological assistants actively practicing this profession is very good. The second goal of the practical part was to answer the question why the method of extracranial stereotactic radiotherapy is not used more often based on the study of literature. This is due to the lower number of devices on which this irradiation can be performed but also to the condition of a small or medium extent of the disease and partly time-consuming of this technique. Stereotactic body radiotherapy is the most accurate telotherapeutic method of irradiation in oncology. With its non-invasive, patient comfort, excellent application accuracy and very good results it forms the future of radiation therapy.
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Indications of Emergency Medical Services Responding
AIZNEROVÁ, Daniela
The bachelor's thesis is focused on a closer understanding of the issue of indications of emergency medical service (EMS) departures through the perspective of medical emergency dispatch centers. The issue of indications of emergency medical service departures is one of the still addressed and current topics in the pre-hospital emergency care. The activities of outreach crews as well as the activities of the dispatch centers are governed by Act 374/2011 Coll., however non-emergent, calls to the emergency line are becoming more and more frequent. The thesis maps the knowledge of the indication list of individual dispatchers and the attitude of dispatchers towards the indications itself. At the same time, it deals with the solution of unindicated calls and also the abuse of emergency services. The aim of the work is to compare the knowledge and procedures of dispatchers of both regions. The research took place at the Medical Emergency Dispatch Center of the South Bohemian Region in České Budějovice and at the Medical Emergency Dispatch Center of the Pilsen Region in Pilsen. The aim of the research was, among other things, to compare approach to indication issue between both regions. The research method chosen was a qualitative type of research that allows deeper examination of the topic. Research was executed by semi-structured interviews. The sample of respondents consisted of 8 dispatchers of the medical operations center i.e., people directly responsible for receiving calls and coordinating crews. The interview questions are focused on both the reception of the emergency call and the operational management. Above all, they focus on the urgencies N3 and N4, ones where we most often encounter not entirely unambiguous indications. It also addresses the relationship between the use of formalized and intuitive procedures in operators' decisions. Last but not least operators are confronted with the notion of EMS abuse and the solution of unindicated calls. The interviews provided information on a wide range of approaches to dispatching work but there was often agreement on key points. The results show that dispatchers are familiar with emergency procedures and legislation, however, despite the application of a largely formalized approach to classifications, it is necessary to act partly intuitively, as no call is ever the same as a regulatory case. There is a greater effort to define the terms unindicated calling and abuse of emergency medical services, which, however, are perceived individually by each of the dispatchers, as well as perceived by every rescuer who comes into contact with them. These concepts often evoke great emotions among dispatchers and rescuers. However, as the results show, even this problem does not have only one point of view, but it has several of them and all of them must be taken into account when solving it.
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LCD a VLCD diet during hospitalization
Zajíčková, Jana ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Kytnarová, Jitka (referee)
Objective: LCD and VLCD diets are short-term indicated (days to weeks) low caloric and very low caloric diets, which should be supervised by a doctor - e. g. by means a weight loss hospitalization (WLH). LCD and VLCD diets are used in preoperative preparation of obese patients and to break insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM II). The theoretical part of the bachelor"s thesis is focused on LCD and VLCD in obesity and diabetes mellitus treatment - the two most common diseases that can be found in the medical history of patients indicated for WLH. The aim of the theoretical part is to compare obesity treatment in medical care and commercial weight loss programs (for commercial weight loss programs the term "obesity management" is used). The study evaluate the most common indications for WLH, determine weight changes during the hospitalization and compare the weight of patients with DM II and without DM II (nDM II) one year after the WLH. Methods: The input data were obtained from the Medea database. These are the anamnestic data of patients hospitalized for the purpose of losing weight on the Third Medical Department of First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague in the period of January 2014 - January 2015. There were 93 WLHs...
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Evaluation of rationality and risks of pharmacotherapyin older patients in long-term care facilities
Lukačišinová, Anna ; Fialová, Daniela (advisor) ; Alušík, Štefan (referee) ; Paluch, Zoltán (referee)
Objectives Main objectives of this doctoral thesis were to review available information on pharmacological properties of benzodiazepines and their age-related changes; to evaluate the prevalence of benzodiazepine use in older patients residing in long term care facilities; to investigate the association between use of benzodiazepines and occurrence of falls in acutely hospitalized older patients; and to describe utilization of benzodiazepines in the Czech Republic. Methods A narrative review of literature focused on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, adverse effects and association of benzodiazepines with falls in older population was conducted. The evaluation of benzodiazepine use in long term care facilities was analysed in a retrospective cross-sectional study using data from the EC 7th Framework Program SHELTER project (Service and Health in the Elderly in Long Term Care). A prospective cohort study data of acutely hospitalized patients in Australia were used to evaluate association between benzodiazepines and falls. To describe utilization of benzodiazepines in the Czech Republic, data from the State Institute for Drug Control and from databases of General Health Insurance Fund were used. This dissertation thesis is a summary of published articles from above stated works and analyses. Results...
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Tremolo effect with high modulation frequency range
Pazdera, Michal ; Dvořák, Jan (referee) ; Kubánek, David (advisor)
This work was created while designing the dynamic modulation effect „tremolo“. Because there are certain conditions (wide modulation frequency range, precise input of parameters and precise indication), this work is going to be constructed mainly of searching the right components and schematics, especially wide range frequency oscillator with a period from seconds to the frequency of hundreds of hertz, possible digital frequency counter, which serves as a precise indicator, but we will also talk attenuators, amplifiers, driving circtuits or a power circuit. Possible equations, schematics/circuits and their improvements can be found here through simulators Falstad (ideal circuits) and LTspice (real ciruits), also graphs, sheets, calculations. In the end there is also a short description of the two famous tremolo effects from BOSS and Schaller manufacturers. The design was constructed on breadboard, measured into the protocol and experimentally tested using soundcard. Based on those measurements, a model laboratory task for students has been made.
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Evaluation of rationality and risks of pharmacotherapy in older patients in long-term care facilities
Lukačišinová, Anna ; Fialová, Daniela (advisor) ; Alušík, Štefan (referee) ; Paluch, Zoltán (referee)
Objectives Main objectives of this doctoral thesis were to review available information on pharmacological properties of benzodiazepines and their age-related changes; to evaluate the prevalence of benzodiazepine use in older patients residing in long term care facilities; to investigate the association between use of benzodiazepines and occurrence of falls in acutely hospitalized older patients; and to describe utilization of benzodiazepines in the Czech Republic. Methods A narrative review of literature focused on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, adverse effects and association of benzodiazepines with falls in older population was conducted. The evaluation of benzodiazepine use in long term care facilities was analysed in a retrospective cross-sectional study using data from the EC 7th Framework Program SHELTER project (Service and Health in the Elderly in Long Term Care). A prospective cohort study data of acutely hospitalized patients in Australia were used to evaluate association between benzodiazepines and falls. To describe utilization of benzodiazepines in the Czech Republic, data from the State Institute for Drug Control and from databases of General Health Insurance Fund were used. This dissertation thesis is a summary of published articles from above stated works and analyses. Results...
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