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Instrumental gait analysis in the ACL patient
Lalaeva, Anna ; Dudová, Agnieszka (advisor) ; Lopot, František (referee)
Title: Instrumental Gait Analysis in the ACL Patient Aim: to present an up to date review on the topic of instrumental analysis of straight ahead gait on a plain surface (both over-ground and on a treadmill) in ACL patients (both deficient and reconstructed). A second aim is to introduce the clinician (especially in the field of physiotherapy/rehabilitation) to the topic of gait analysis and its specific use for the ACL patient. Methods: a systematic review on the topic Results The review answers the questions of what instrumentation, phases of gait and variables is best to use/measure for clinical purposes. It also identifies and discusses three main gait strategies used by ACL patients: quadriceps avoidance, knee stiffening, pivot shift avoidance. Keywords: gait, analysis, walking, clinical, instrumental, anterior cruciate ligament, ACL, deficient, reconstruction, injury
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The age related changes in walk stereotype
Vojtová, Michaela ; Vacek, Jan (advisor) ; Babková, Lenka (referee)
1 Abstract: The aim of this study quantify and compare the differences in the dynamics of foot movement compared with static in adulthood and old age, focusing on the midstance phase. A secondary objective is to outline the relationship with the angular distribution of pressure on the sole. For measurements two measuring methods were used. The kinematic analysis named Qualysis was used as a main method and system of plantar pressure insoles Pedar X as a complementary method. The difference in measured distance of 1-MP calcaneus, 5MP - calcaneus and pronate angle of calcaneus was prooved using the statistical calculation, which confirmed the hypothesis of half clear a significant degree. Subsequently, the changes were further specified using the results of the distribution of maximum force and contact time of the soles.
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The influence of spinal patients regular training in Locomat System on chosentime and space parametres of their walk
Strnadová, Helena ; Oplatková, Lenka (advisor) ; Strapková, Zuzana (referee)
Diploma thesis "Influence of regular training of spinal cord patients in Lokomat system on particular spatio-temporal parameters of their walk." is a theoretical-empirical case report. Theoretical part deals with the neuroanatomy of the spinal cord, control, analysis and possibilities of check up of physiological walk. This part is concluded by the summary of entries about the Lokomat system, its basic technical equipment, advantages / disadvantages, indications/ contra-indications of its use in practice. The empirical part deals with the examination of the influence of the training in Lokomat system on the walk of the patients with incomplete spinal cord lesion. The main subject of the research is to monitor the changes in particular spatio-temporal parameters of walk (gait speed, stride length, stride time, single support time). Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Development of physiological posture and motion in pre-school children - gait
Šmídová, Hana ; Zounková, Irena (advisor) ; Málková, Michaela (referee)
Bachelor thesis " The development of physiological posture and movement of preschool child - gait" treat of development of the gait with focus on pre-school child. Introdution contains summary of development posture and movement, partly child till the age of 3, in detail, pre-school child. Then there is drown up maturation of central nervous system. In the second chapter is described short discourse of neurofysiolgy control movement. In the third part of this work is engaged in gait and that as basic gait cycle as its development. In the next two chapters is summary of motor skills developed from base gait cycles. From flight phase, through its development and with related runing to the next locomotor skills as skipping, hopping, jumping are. And at the end of this work is summary of scales, which values about development of the child. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Physiotherapy impact on the stability of standing and selected clinical parameters in patients with multiple sclerosis
Honsová, Kamila ; Hoskovcová, Martina (advisor) ; Bitnar, Petr (referee)
Diploma thesis "Impact of physiotherapy on stability in stance and selected clinical parameters in Multiple Sclerosis patients" is aimed to study problems of disturbed postural stability in connection with this disorder. Research was made to evaluate the impact of two-month's physiotherapy, based on sensomotor learning, on the balance in stance, gait parameters and related functions. The sample of 6 patients with disability EDSS = 5, age 43 and more than five years course of MS on average, were undergoing a battery of clinical and paraclinical tests. Questionaire method was used for assessing quality of life parameters. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Design of lower-limb prostheses
Koutecký, Tomáš ; Ždímal, Pavel (referee) ; Paloušek, David (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor's thesis is to give an overview of the current state of lower limb prostheses after amputation between the hip and the knee. It deals with the human gait, its analysis and with deviations in gait with the prosthesis. It also describes basic division of lower limb prostheses. The main part is the description of these prostheses designs and especially the design of main components and general overview of available types.
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Shoes and its effect on the foot and posture
KRÁSNÁ, Jana
This thesis in focused on the influence of footwear not only directly on the foot and its sole but also on the posture and body as a whole. The foot is firstly the organ that enables movement of the locomotive system but which also provides direct contact with the surroundings and the way of getting information about it through proprioception. The foot also enables "keeping" to the ground we move on. It is connected through the muscle system with the levels above and so mutual influence of all body segments is established. The posture of lumbar spine, the function of the diaphragm, posture of the cervical spine and of the shoulder joints are the most important. Due to the fact that we spend two thirds of the day, or 16 hours a day, wearing shoes, their influence cannot be insignificant. Most types of shoes hinder the above mentioned functions of the feet through their faulty construction and their influence can be described more as that of a splint. Wearing some shoes can bring completely unnatural or even pathological foot posture which through the muscle systems further influences faulty posture of higher body segments. Data for this research were obtained using qualitative research with 12 students of the University of South Bohemia participating. The research group was divided into three categories by the type of worn footwear (naked, sport and healed footwear respectively). Subjective examination of the standing posture as well as examination using a lead was conducted. The walking gait was examined first barefoot, then in normal wear and finally on narrowed base. Finally the examination of the foot was performed where activity and function was tested using the Véle method, further the toe abduction and the grip tests. The aim of this research was to map the influences of wearing the different types of shoes on the body as a whole. The results show that a foot capable of full activity and function is closely connected to the correct activity of the diaphragm. On the contrary, with pathological function of the foot the function of the higher body segments will be influenced negatively. The foot is therefore concluded to play a major role in the function of the locomotive system and should always be taken into account in physiotherapy.
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Physiotherapy in children and youth with poor posture and flat
SLAVÍČKOVÁ, Zuzana
Body posture is the picture of the life attitude. Therefore, an incorrect body posture is the speech of the body that is frequently the first one to warn us against future health troubles. There are a large number of causes of the incorrect body posture. It may be for instance stress, lack of movement, but also various deformities of legs. In my thesis I chose the pes planovagus as a possible diagnosis. Pes planovalgus, or flat foot, is one of the most frequent diagnoses occurring in the orthopaedic practice. This happens despite the fact that almost 99 per cent of children are born with healthy feet. Almost a third of these children come to the first class with feet damaged in various ways as a result of a bad life style. The objective of this thesis, in the theoretical part, was to process up-to-date information related to the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in children suffering from pes planovalgus. In the practical part, I focused on drawing up the casuistry of patients with this diagnosis. The theoretical part describes the actual disease, its clinical demonstrations, causes of origin and especially its impact. Emphasis was put on prevention of this deformity and related consequences. The theoretical part explains key words associated with this thesis: functional muscle chains, gait, arch of the foot, foot, pes planovalgus, prevention, rehabilitation. Qualitative research method - case study was used for the practical part of the bachelor thesis. The research was conducted in the rehabilitation department of the District Hospital in Tábor, a.s. The tested set was made up of two testees with the flat foot diagnosis with the valgus position of the foot and incorrect body posture. Neither of the two testees was diagnosed as having a neurologic or eye illness. The objective of the research was to find out the influence of the pes planovalgus on the overall body posture and possibilities of influencing it. The results are drawn up in the form of casuistry. In the patients observed, the body posture, gait mechanism and, in general, the function of the foot improved. Both patients stated that pains have disappeared and the performance of the feet, especially in sports, has improved. The thesis contains a proposal of effective therapy of pes planovalgus at the child age, which may be beneficial for physiotherapists working with child patients. Further, the thesis may be used for the education of college students studying medicine branches, or it may serve as a source of information for the general public.
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