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Occurence and diversity of amphibian trypanosomes
Poloprutská, Klára ; Votýpka, Jan (advisor) ; Brzoňová, Jana (referee)
The genus Trypanosoma represents well-known flagellates of order Trypanosomatida and class Kinetoplastea, which includes over 500 described species parasitizing on all classes of vertebrates. However, the best known and economically and medically most important are mammalian trypanosomes, especially human ones, which cause serious diseases in the world: sleeping sickness in Africa and Chagas disease in Latin America. But trypanosomes may also be found in blood of birds, reptiles, fish and amphibians. And exactly on trypanosomes of amphibians, whose diversity is surprisingly vast, is this thesis focused. However, many studies concentrate only on morphological description, which may not be the best in order to determine species, which may lead to distortion of information e.g. about species' life cycle, prevalence or host specificity. This thesis points to some ambiguities, but also to some more reliable experimental or in some cases molecular evidence dealing with individual aspects of life of trypanosome of amphibians. It also summarizes representatives of aquatic and terrestrial invertebrate vectors of trypanosomes, among which leeches are considered to be the dominant vector in aquatic environment. Furthermore, some species of phlebotomes, mosquitoes and genus Corethrella are known to be...
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Larval development of \kur{Pipa parva}
BERDYCHOVÁ, Lucie
This thesis was created for the purpose to observing the time and morphological aspects of Pipa parva larval development. Despite the fact that this species is very interesting because of breeding, concretely with its unique reproductive mode and parental care the dynamics of larval development wasn´t observe yet. This fact became the main cause why I choosed Pipa parva for my study. The larvae was kept in the same conditions and divided in 4 boxes. By monitoring partial aspect of larvae development was observed, that larvae was developed under skin of female's back for 24 days and average number of larvae is 19. The larvae after their hatch measures 14,1 mm long and its in 49. - 50. phase of larvae development. The metamorphosis starts at 82. day and the larvae at this time measure average 49,8 mm. After methamorphosis the average lenght is 16,7 mm. The end of the methamorphosis of every individual is avarage at 100th day of the live of larvae. It was found by statistics method that overall amount of larvae has not effect on their size after hatch but it has effect for develompment speed. Literary rewiew was written for breeding of frogs and for their larval development. This thesis might help with breeding Pipa parva.
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Relationship of recent systematics of frogs (Anura) and research efforts
MRÁZKOVÁ, Nikola
Over the last few decades there has been a confusion in the classification system of organisms with the development of molecular and genetic methods. Life is currently perceived from a different perspective than in the past due to different methods, and old, standard systems have significantly changed as a result of such alteration. As a consequence, it is harder and harder to distinguish which taxonomic changes are caused by objectively better recognition of biodiversity and which seem to be only subjective opinions of particular taxonomists. Results show a significant growth in the number of genuses in observed families of frogs (Anura) in the aforementioned period (2000-2017) while the research efforts of taxonoms were proved to be the most relevant factors causing such increase in diversity with respect to genuses.
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Life around the water and in the water, five environmental programs for kindergarten
KREJČOVÁ, Hana
Krejčová Hana 2014: Life around the water and in the water, five environmental programs for kindergarten. Bachelor thesis. Faculty of Education, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 63 pp. My bachelor thesis contains practical elaboration of five environmental programs for kindergartens. Main theme is life of animal around the water and in the water. I have chosen these themes: "Snails", "Insects", "Fishes", "Frogs", "Lizards and Snakes." Bachelor thesis contains beside practical part also theoretical part focused on pedagogy and natural science. Theoretical part is way-out for practical elaboration of all activities included in the submitted programs. My bachelor thesis also contains a discussion about suitability of form and content of the suggested environmental programs according to experiences of kindergarten teachers. Respondents have been asked by on-line questionnaire.
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