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Assesment of landscape permeability - example of Prague highway bypass
Štambergová, Barbora ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
Permeability of the landscape is crucial for the survival of many species. However, nowadays is quickly increasing the landscape fragmentation and the connectivity of landscape elements is decreasing. Fragmentation of the landscape is mainly affected by road constructions, which cause even other significant ecological impacts. In connection with recovery of the permeability of the landscape are therefore made these line barriers often passable. Construction of the road over- and under- passes is common measure, but the remaining question is if constructions of these objects help to achieve required measures. The practical part of this thesis is therefore focused on analysis of selected passageways of Prague highway bypass and on the evaluation of their using. Keywords: Landscape fragmentation, landscape permability, ecoducts, mitigation measures
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Landscape permeability in context of it's fragmentation by traffic and suburbanization
Štambergová, Barbora ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
Landscape permeability is currently significantly decreasing mainly due to anthropogenic barriers - transportation infrastructure and sub/urban development. The construction of these barriers has various environmental impacts on animals that differ among taxa. Ensuring a certain degree of permeability of the landscape is crucial for the survival of many species of organisms. Effective tools for the planning protection and restoration of the permeability of the landscape are series of models, whose theoretical framework and practical use are described in this thesis. The practical part deals with the modeling of changes in landscape permeability in the southern hinterlands of Prague. The effectiveness of the implemeted mitigation measures is also evaluated. Keywords: landscape fragmentation, landscape permeability, ecoducts, mitigation measures, suburbanization
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Influence of landscape fragmentation on characteristics of pollination networks in meadows
Filip, Jan ; Tropek, Robert (advisor) ; Storch, David (referee)
Traditionally managed semi-natural grasslands are unique for their high plant species richness. Pollinators are crucial for maintaining this plant biodiversity. Plant-pollinator interactions of these grasslands are influenced by habitat fragmentation since the 20th century. Main drivers of this landspace disturbance are abandonment and agricultural usage. Network analysis of structural characteristics changes in plant-pollinator interactions can facilitate understanding of habitat fragmentation and its impacts on pollination interactions.
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Habitat characteristics accounting for the attractiveness of military training areas for birds: a case study from the Hradiště military training area
Hernová, Jana ; Reif, Jiří (advisor) ; Vojta, Jaroslav (referee)
Military areas are extraordinary biodiversity-rich due to limited economic activities and a specific way of using the areas for military training. Previous research has also revealed their positive influence on bird species diversity, this applies to endangered species in particular. However, the exact biotope characteristics attracting birds are insufficiently known. In this regard, I expected an important role of heterogeneity of the environment. The aim of the thesis was therefore: (I) to find out the difference of environmental heterogeneity between a military area (MA) and the surrounding landscape, both in a forest and a non-forest sites, (II) to find out what biotope characteristics attract birds in open landscape and (III) what characteristics attract birds in forest. Fieldwork took place in a still active MA of Hradiště and neighboring controls of Bochov and Ostrov. In total, 80 study plots were surveyed for representation of individual biotopes (39 types in total) and the number of fragments of woody vegetation. Data on bird species richness were taken from the thesis of Bušek (2015), surveyed birds at identical study plots and calculated total number of bird species and the number of endangered bird species at each plot. The open landscape of MA has, compared to the surrounding cultural...
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Efektivita migračních objektů na silničních komunikacích pro savce v Moravské bráně
Jurečka, Mořic
Road and highway infrastructure form a certain threat to the wildlife movement. The Moravian Gate is one of the important zones for the migration and dispersal of mammals. Permeability of roads and highways is an essential condition for the survival of mammals. The thesis deals with the effectiveness of selected migration objects in the Moravian Gate. The aim of the thesis is the evaluation the permeability of underpasses and overpasses, to determine the preferences of various mammalian species for different types of migration objects, to assess the permeability in the monitored road sections and to propose mitigating measures how to improve the permeability of migration objects.
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Prostupnost krajiny v návaznosti na sídlo
Kupská, Markéta
This thesis deals with the theme of landscape permeability in connection with settlement. The theoretical part is focused on the introduction of the issue of road and lane network development and classification and landscape fragmentation. The practical part includes the analysis of primary, secondary and tertiary landscape structures. The territory chosen as a model area is Brněnské Ivanovice, a southern quarter of the city of Brno. Although the area of Brněnské Ivanovice is burdened with a difficult traffic situation, it carries a lot of nature and cultural values. On the basis of gathered data the thesis deals with a proposal of a solution in accordance with the theme.
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The European Greenbelt - landsdcape structure and connectivity
Andrš, Vojtěch ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee)
European Green Belt, a biological corridor and a remnant of the Iron Curtain, intersecting Europe from the north to the south and extending from the shores of Barents Sea to the shores of the Mediterranean and Black Sea, is utterly unique phenomenon not only because its diversity, position and extend. By the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989 significant fragmentation of this area has begun. In this thesis a literature research of landscape connectivity and structure was done. Development of landscape structure in the area of European Green Belt from 1990 to present and its fragmentation was compared in practical part of the thesis. Key words: European Green Belt, landscape structure, landscape fragmentation, landscape connectivity
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Functional parameters of biocorridors built in fragmented cultural landscapes due to facilitation of the organism's mobility
Vaškovský, Adam ; Kovář, Pavel (advisor) ; Vojta, Jaroslav (referee)
Human caused landscape fragmentation, accompanied by loss of habitat connectivity, is currently a significant global threat to biodiversity conservation. One possible way to address this problem is to identify, establish and maintain wildlife corridors that connect isolated habitat patches to allow the movement and spread of organisms through the environment. This study based on literature review addresses the identification of relevant factors supporting functionality of wildlife corridors in various scale levels for different species or groups of organisms. Key words: biocorridor, ecoduct, barrier, landscape fragmentation, connectivity, dispersal of organisms, mobility, corridor functionality, landscape ecology
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Influence of landscape fragmentation on characteristics of pollination networks in meadows
Filip, Jan ; Tropek, Robert (advisor) ; Storch, David (referee)
Traditionally managed semi-natural grasslands are unique for their high plant species richness. Pollinators are crucial for maintaining this plant biodiversity. Plant-pollinator interactions of these grasslands are influenced by habitat fragmentation since the 20th century. Main drivers of this landspace disturbance are abandonment and agricultural usage. Network analysis of structural characteristics changes in plant-pollinator interactions can facilitate understanding of habitat fragmentation and its impacts on pollination interactions.
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