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Differences in the perception of individual principles of persuasion according to Cialdini based on personality, gender, age and level of education
Klugerová, Sára ; Vranka, Marek (advisor) ; Houdek, Petr (referee)
This study examines Cialdini's six principles of persuasion, which are reciprocity, scarcity, authority, commitment, consensus, and liking, and people's perceptions of these principles based on personality, gender, age, and level of education. The specific goals of the research are to find out how respondents with different personality traits according to the Big Five personality model are related to the rating of individual principles, whether there is a significant difference in the rating between men and women, between younger adults, older adults and seniors, as well as between several levels of education, and what order of persuasiveness the individual principles take according to respondents' rating. In the theoretical part, the study also provides an insight into the possible way of using knowledge about connections with persuasive principles in practice, through artificial intelligence. Several findings emerged from the questionnaire. Respondents rated individual principles from most to least persuasive in the following order: commitment, reciprocity, liking, authority, consensus, and scarcity. This order was the same within all persons and individual groups. Research has found associations between personality factors and ratings of persuasive principles. It shows that less open...
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Acculturative stress and personality traits among vietnamese living in the Czech Republic
Chvojková, Petra ; Hřebíčková, Martina
The aim of the study is to analyze the link between the acculturative stress, personality traits included in five-factor model and demographic characteristics among Vietnamese living in the Czech Republic. The sample consisted of 488 Vietnamese aged from 15 to 69 years. Acculturative stress was measured by the Czech version of the Riverside Acculturation Stress Inventory (RASI, Benet-Martinez, 2003). RASI identifies five areas that may influence individuals exposed to two cultures and can cause mental stress (1. Language skills, 2. Work Challenges, 3. Intercultural relations, 4. Discrimination and 5. Cultural isolation). Personality traits were measured by Big Five Inventory (BFI-44, John & Benet-Martinez, 1998). Based on results of previous studies, we have proposed that acculturation stress would be related to neuroticism, but also to other traits included in the five-factor model. We have proposed also, that experience of acculturative stress would differ depending on age and gender. Our preliminary results confirm that neuroticism, age and socioeconomic status appeared to be the most powerful predictors of acculturative stress among Vietnamese living in the Czech Republic.
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Relationship between prosocial tendencies and personality dimensions of students of psychology
MĚRTLOVÁ, Lucie
The bachelor´s thesis considers the relations between the pro-social tendencies and chosen personality dimensions at the psychology students. The theoretical part therefore deals with the definitions of the following terms: pro-social behaviour, altruism, helping behaviour. Some authors use these definitions synonymously; others on the contrary distinguish the terms by meaning. The causes of pro-social behaviour are described in the thesis and the progress of pro-social behaviour is briefly presented here. The disposition and situation factors of the pro-social behaviour are also described here. The last two chapters of theoretical part define the terms of helping professions and describe the five-factor model of personality.The practical part does a research on personality presumptions for pro-social behaviour at psychology students. The research method is the battery questionnaire, which is formed by three questionnaires: NEO five factor model of personality, PSB Pro-social Personality Battery and the questionnaire for measuring the scale of altruism. The aim of this bachelor´s thesis is to find out the mutual relations between the pro-social tendencies and chosen personality dimensions at psychology students. The research sample was made by 86 psychology students and 34 students of no-helping branches. The obtained data were compared on the basis of Man Whitney U test method and a correlation analysis. It has been found out that the students with voluntary experience show higher level of the following factors: other-oriented Empathy and altruism. The psychology students differ from the students of no-helping branches in the factor of Openness to Experience. It has been confirmed that Czech and American psychology students achieved similar results in the factors "other-oriented Empathy" and Helpfulness. The comparison of Czech psychology students and other helping professions brings the same conclusion. The psychology students achieve above-average levels at the factor of Agreeablenes and Openness to Experience.
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Judgment of Slovak national character by Czech university students
Hřebíčková, Martina
Five-factor model of personality is examined in relation to judgment of national character, in tis study. The Czech version of the National Character Survey corresponding to 30 facets of the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) was submited to 73 Czech university students. The students were to judge a typical Slovak and typical Czech using National Character Survey. The results showed significant differences between a typical Czech and typical Slovak in four personality characteristics. Czech university students judged Slovaks as more extravert, more open to new experiences, more agreeable, and less conscientious than Czechs.
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From the five-factor model to the five-factor theory of personality
Hřebíčková, Martina
The contribution contains explication of the five-factor theory(FFT) of personality, which was evolved by McCrae and Costa (1996). FFT is a contemporary version of trait theory, based on the assumptions that people are knowable, rational, variable, and proactive. FFT explains personality functioning as the operation of universal personality system, with defined categories of variables and classes of dynamic processes that indicate the main causual pathways. The components of the personality system are designated as 1) biological bases (genes and brain structures), 2) basic tendencies (abstract psychological potentials), 3) characteristic adaptations (concrete manifestation of basic tendencies), 4) self-concept, 5) objective biography, 6) external influences. Dynamic processes secify 16 postuales to specify how the personality system operates. The most radical postulate concerns an origin of the traits, which declares that traits like a temperament are endogenous basic tendencies that are heritable but unafected by environmental influences.
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