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Cathinones - recreational stimulants and their effects
Grosová, Aneta ; Pourová, Jana (advisor) ; Vopršalová, Marie (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Candidate: Aneta Grosová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Jana Pourová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Cathinones - recreational stimulants and their effects In this thesis, I address the issue of synthetic cathinones (SCs), which were first synthesized in the 1920s and initially explored for potential medical applications. By the early 21st century, these substances had become popular as recreational drugs due to their easy accessibility, low cost, and initially legal status. In the thesis, I particularly discuss the toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of selected derivatives, classifying them into groups based on various properties. The work also deals with their chemical structure and its numerous variations, which not only allow for circumvention of the law but also lead to the creation of derivatives with various properties. Included are findings on the adverse effects of these drugs, and I also describe the effects that make them sought after by users. Additionally, I provide a brief history and the current situation on the market in Europe and the Czech Republic. The information was gathered from numerous studies found on online databases, particularly PubMed, PubChem, Web of Science, and...
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Psychoactive plants in creative activities
SVITAČOVÁ, Kateřina
The diploma thesis deals with the effect of psychoactive plants on creativity. A list of these plants was made with detailed descriptions of their properties, uses and effects on the organism. The list was compiled from literature, online sources and media. Subsequently, a questionnaire was developed to analyze user experiences with the selected psychoactive plants, which was part of the practical part of the thesis. Drawing and painting were the most common creative activities performed. Teachers emerged as the second most frequent group of respondents due to the questionnaire's focus on art schools. An important finding from the questionnaire survey is that although the link between creativity and art making was not confirmed as strong, respondents still perceived psychoactive plants positively. These plants may have unconsciously influenced the respondents' thinking, which may be related to possible flashbacks (experiences or symptoms associated with the use of psycho-active substances that return without actual substance use). Another reason may have been the use of the plant prior to creation, which led to arousal and increased motivation for creative activity. The survey also revealed how respondents view the future of plants. Among the most common responses were medicinal purposes, where these plants may be explored for their potential in treating various psychological disorders, as well as for relaxation, improving mental health, enhancing concentration and relaxation. Today's studies suggest that psychoactive plants have the potential to help treat certain ailments under controlled conditions and at low doses. This work provides a basis for further research, and information gathered from the questionnaire survey can further explore the relationship between these plants and the creative process
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Graphics Demo with a Space Theme
Prajka, Martin ; Milet, Tomáš (referee) ; Herout, Adam (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the creation of graphics demo with unlimited size by using OpenGL. The thesis implements post-processing effects such as shadow mapping, bloom and gaussian blur. In addition, it describes particle system and camera animation. The demo is placed in space and it is separated into the three scenes. The end of the thesis is focused on the results of user's and performance tests.
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Factas Influencing Usual Price of Real Estate
Tichá, Kateřina ; Bejšovec, Jaroslav (referee) ; Staněk, Roman (advisor)
This master´s thesis examines the factors that influence the usual price of real estate. The different types of real estate are different influences which it operates and also vary the intensity of their action. In addition to outlining the basic effects and intensity of exposure to various types of real estate work includes analysis of several influences – influences acting on apartments in major cities of our country influences in time for the usual price of apartments in Havirov and in Karvina, analyzing the factors that influence the amount of the usual price in selected locations of these cities, the impact of privatization of flats on the usual price of apartments in Karvina and size effect of floor space on the usual price of apartments.
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Pesticide impacts on farmland bird populations
Kutzendőrferová, Adéla ; Reif, Jiří (advisor) ; Grünwald, Jan (referee)
Pesticides are problematic chemicals that are found in a variety of environments. These substances tend to accumulate in living organisms, where they decomposite very slowly and can have a negative impact on bird populations. This is why some chemicals are still detected in these environments today, even years after their use has been banned, and may continue to affect organisms. The aim of my bachelor thesis was to conduct a literature search on the impact of pesticides on farmland bird populations. The first part of the thesis focuses on pesticides, their history, their division into different systems and their effects. The second part of the thesis then discusses the overall effects of pesticide use on farmland bird populations, particularly on breeding success and abundance. In this part, several studies have been collected that confirm the negative effect of pesticides on bird abundance, but not all of these studies are representative of real situations in the landscape. Finally, the paper assesses the overall role of pesticides in the observed bird declines and also presents suggestions to address the current negative trends. The thesis points to the need for expanded research studies that reflect actual conditions in agricultural landscapes to reveal the true extent of the effects of these...
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A Comparison of migration crises of the European Union in 2015 and 2022 in terms of "push" and "pull" effects - A Comparative case study of migration trends
Fiala, Tomáš ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Földes, Kristián (referee)
in English The waves of migration from Syria in 2015 and from Ukraine in 2022 significantly affected the number of people who applied for asylum or temporary protection in the EU. In this work, these migration waves are compared through a pre-selected framework of the so- called "neoclassical theory" which operates on the basis of rational decision-making about migration as an "economic" calculation of risks, advantages and disadvantages (so-called "push" and "pull" factors and "intervening obstacles"). Through comparison, the work tries to answer the questions of the similarity of the two migration waves and, through their analysis, at the same time, the question of whether these waves influenced the Migration and Asylum Policy of the EU as such. Despite certain similarities in the political aspects of the comparison, the similarity of the two waves was not confirmed, however, a shift in the creation of the EU migration policy framework after the migration wave in 2015 was also confirmed.
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Analysis of reproductive indicators in dairy cow breeding
KOCOUR, Daniel
The aim of the diploma thesis was to evaluate the trends in the development of reproductive indicators in specific dairy farming and to define the possible causes of the identified problems and propose measures to eliminate or resolve them. The literature review deals with the physiology of cow fertility, synchronization of estrus, hormonal or nervous control of the sexual cycle, the effect of internal and external influences on the reproduction of dairy cows, the effect of reproduction on milk yield and the economic connections associated with the reproduction of dairy cows. The analysis was carried out in the herd of Czech spotted cattle ZD Lukavec in the district of Pelhřimov. A total of 120 dairy cows that ended lactation between January 1, 2022 and December 31, 2022 were included in the monitoring. There were 40 dairy cows in the 1st lactation, 40 dairy cows in the 2nd lactation, and 40 dairy cows in the 3rd and 3rd lactations. higher lactation. In order to evaluate the effects on reproductive indicators (interval, insemination index, length of service period and intermediate period), the data set was sorted by age at first calving, parity, calving and insemination season, milk yield at laktation peak, length of the previous calving interval, RBV of sire and inseminated bulls, occurrence of mastitis and other diseases. The best reproductive results were found in dairy cows that calved for the first time between 715 and 790 days of ageThe length of the service period was the shortest among primiparous heifers. However, the order of lactation had no significant effect on the insemination index. Cows calved in the summer months (June 21, 2021 to September 23, 2021) clearly had the worst reproduction indicators. The time of year when the 1st insemination was performed, however, did not significantly affect reproductive indicators. The length of the previous interval significantly influenced only the length of the insemination interval. Cows with the lowest daily milk yield at peak lactation had the shortest service period and intermediate period. But they also had the lowest average lactation rank. The influence of the RPH of the father on the fertility of the daughters was evident only for the length of the previous intermediate period, when the daughters of bulls with the highest RPH (?106) had the shortest intermediate period (386 days). However, reproductive indicators were significantly influenced by the RPH of the inseminated bull for its own fertility.
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The positive effect of sex on our health
VYDROVÁ, Anna
The aim of this study is to shed light on important concepts that are often neglected or underestimated in today's society, to map the area of sexual behaviour, to find out how can sex positively influence our body and mind, what habits our society has, what history tells us about sex. The extensive topic of sexuality is slightly controversial, it is all the more interesting that relatively little attention is paid to it on a social and professional level although it is an integral part of us. The literature of the history of sexual activity is full of "skeletons in the closet" and reveals countless surprises, complexes, injustices and unhealed wounds. This work compares this information with reality and current sources. Another part is devoted to the constantly and currently much-discussed topic of battle men versus women. We will also reveal differences that are unrecognizable at first glance. By describing the body, behaviour and social status, we find out that they have undergone a really long development. However, the intention is not to promote one sex above the other, nor to set imaginary boundaries between them. On the contrary, the work aims at concluding a peace agreement and expressing the equal importance of both men and women on the principle of mutual respect. Finally, in the practical part compiled in the form of a questionnaire, I specified the actions, thinking and awareness of young people about human sexuality and its relationship to health. The benefit is current information from the lives of students and their peers. As I dare say that sex education is unfortunately very neglected and underestimated at the moment, any new useful information for readers would be my relief and immense personal success.
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Sources of ellagitannins and their effects on human organism
Lazarová, Zuzana ; Siatka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY PHARMACEUTICAL FACULTY IN HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY AND PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY Author: Zuzana Lazarová Title of diploma thesis: Sources of ellagitannins and their effects on human organism Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Tomáš Siatka, CSc. Diploma thesis 2021/2022, pages: 87 This diploma thesis is a literature review which focuses on an overview of ellagitannins, their sources, bioavailability, metabolism in the human body and effects on the human organism. Ellagitannins belong to the class of hydrolysable tannins which in the human gastrointestinal tract undergo hydrolysis to form ellagic acid. There is a high content of ellagitannins in the families Elaeagnaceae, Fagaceae, Geraniaceae, Lythraceae, Onagraceae and in some species of the family Rosaceae. Ellagitannins are found in medicinal plants as well as in commonly available foods, especially in berries and nuts. The intestinal microflora has the ability to metabolize ellagic acid to more bioavailable urolithins, but there are strong interindividual differences in the microbial conversion of ellagitannins among the population. Clinical studies provide evidence of the pharmacological activities of ellagitannins in many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, oncological diseases, central...
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