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Captives. The works of Johann Schiltberger, George of Hungary and Konstantin Mihailović as testimonies about late medieval search for identity and cultural integration in the Muslim world
Srncová, Karolina ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
Captives. The works of Johannes Schiltberger, George of Hungary and Konstantin Mihailović as testimonies about late medieval search for identity and cultural integration in the Muslim world Bc. Karolina Srncová The master's thesis enquires into the phenomenon of late medieval reflection on Muslim society in captivity narratives, treatises and memoirs from the pen of former Christian captives. Through a comparison of testimonies by three Europeans, who spent long years in Ottoman or Tatar captivity, the thesis investigates the process of their integration in the Muslim world, their perception of this world, and the notion of it they kept after their return to Christian Europe. Apart from the literary reflection on the other the thesis also pursues authors themselves - how they perceived and constructed their cultural identity in the strange environment, what long-term modus vivendi they employed and by what narratives they tried to present their infidel past back in their homeland. Thus the work aims to contribute to our notion of the Christian-Ottoman encounters in the 15th century, but also to consider the cultural adaptability of late medieval man and the role of captives, men between two worlds, who had to cope with the demands of such an adaptation.
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The Reception of Narcotics by British Scientists and Society in the First Half of the 19th Century
Michlová, Marie ; Tumis, Stanislav (advisor) ; Valkoun, Jaroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis analyzes how the British society and scientists perceived the narcotics in the Great Britain during the first half of the 19th century. Numerous sources (including the period medical books, popular magazines, fiction, and letters) were used for this work. The aim was to compare how the people of different professions, ages, education, or rank perceived the narcotics and what had influenced their opinions. There are also several chapters about the physicians and their reception of narcotics, travelers and itineraries, the Opium Wars, animals, and one detailed study about Sir Walter Scott's family.
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Woman of the 1st half of 19th century
Tomášková, Veronika ; Prokop, Jiří (advisor) ; Syřiště, Ivo (referee)
The graduation thesis analyses the status of woman since her birth to adult age in the 1st half of 19th century. In the beginning it is dealt with facts of European history. Further it focuses on woman, her childhood, adolescence and her adult age. The subject of the thesis is to show how the society behaved to a girl and a woman in the some specific social caste, how they thought of her, what type of rights, responsibilities and possibilities for education she had. The chosen areas are: the pedagogy history, the children education, the girl education and pedagogy, the family environment, the sociability, the marriage and maternity. The thesis subsequently responds how hardly and slowly the woman obtained her rights in the private also in the public life.
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Intellectual History in the Context of Czech and European Historiography in 19th and 20the Century
Čtvrtník, Mikuláš ; Beneš, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Středová, Veronika (referee) ; Horský, Jan (referee)
The main thematic scope and basis of the PhD thesis is the specific movement in the historiography called duchové dějiny (in English partly misleading translation intellectual history) in the form, in which it was developed in German speaking lands as Geistesgeschichte, and in the Czech historiography as duchové dějiny outlined by Zdeněk Kalista. In the PhD thesis duchové dějiny is put into the wide context of the development of historical thinking and methodology in the 19th and 20th century. The PhD thesis treats the subdiscipline of duchové dějiny in many perspectives and at different levels and thematically is not enclosed by the boundaries of the duchové dějiny itself. The duchové dějiny is here in a way an optics through which one line of historiography and historical thinking in the 19th and 20th century is observed, treated and interpreted. The PhD thesis also aims to connect the history and its methodology with the archivistics and archival theory. In this way proposes the thesis certain solutions. Nowadays, duchové dějiny belongs rather to the marginal movements or subdisciplines in the historiography in the Czech and German speaking lands, contrary to intellectual history in Anglophone areas. In spite of this the PhD thesis tried to show, that the duchové dějiny is still alive,...
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Captives. The works of Johann Schiltberger, George of Hungary and Konstantin Mihailović as testimonies about late medieval search for identity and cultural integration in the Muslim world
Srncová, Karolina ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
Captives. The works of Johannes Schiltberger, George of Hungary and Konstantin Mihailović as testimonies about late medieval search for identity and cultural integration in the Muslim world Bc. Karolina Srncová The master's thesis enquires into the phenomenon of late medieval reflection on Muslim society in captivity narratives, treatises and memoirs from the pen of former Christian captives. Through a comparison of testimonies by three Europeans, who spent long years in Ottoman or Tatar captivity, the thesis investigates the process of their integration in the Muslim world, their perception of this world, and the notion of it they kept after their return to Christian Europe. Apart from the literary reflection on the other the thesis also pursues authors themselves - how they perceived and constructed their cultural identity in the strange environment, what long-term modus vivendi they employed and by what narratives they tried to present their infidel past back in their homeland. Thus the work aims to contribute to our notion of the Christian-Ottoman encounters in the 15th century, but also to consider the cultural adaptability of late medieval man and the role of captives, men between two worlds, who had to cope with the demands of such an adaptation.
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The Memoirs of Philippe de Commines as a Source of the History of Political Thinking and the Diplomatic Practice
Vybíralová, Sára ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Žůrek, Václav (referee)
The thesis deals with the memoirs of Philippe de Commynes and the possibilities of their utilization as a source on the history of mentalities. This significant politician and diplomat of Burgundian origin, although little known in our country, left the court of Charles the Bold to be in service of Louis XI of France. In his memoirs, written after the death of Louis XI., Commynes firstly celebrates this sovereign and secondly he attempts to intensify the didactic scope of the text through various literary resources (digression, exempla), and he tries to stress on some political and moral premises. Regarding the focusing on readers of monarchs and courtiers side, the Memoires approaches a different literary genre - mirrors for princes. Their advices are however targeted practically and often there rebinds some pragmatism even in their ethic tone. A progressive, modern flow in thinking in the work of Phillippe de Commynes is represented by his rejection of "useless" knight graces and values such as pride and glory, and enforcing of "wisdom" perceived entirely newly as a political skill combined with caution. The second part of the thesis attempts to map the testimony of the Memoirs about diplomatic experience of the time, in which symbolic communication and ritual played an important role on one...
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The Reception of Narcotics by British Scientists and Society in the First Half of the 19th Century
Michlová, Marie ; Tumis, Stanislav (advisor) ; Valkoun, Jaroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis analyzes how the British society and scientists perceived the narcotics in the Great Britain during the first half of the 19th century. Numerous sources (including the period medical books, popular magazines, fiction, and letters) were used for this work. The aim was to compare how the people of different professions, ages, education, or rank perceived the narcotics and what had influenced their opinions. There are also several chapters about the physicians and their reception of narcotics, travelers and itineraries, the Opium Wars, animals, and one detailed study about Sir Walter Scott's family.
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Woman of the 1st half of 19th century
Tomášková, Veronika ; Prokop, Jiří (advisor) ; Syřiště, Ivo (referee)
The graduation thesis analyses the status of woman since her birth to adult age in the 1st half of 19th century. In the beginning it is dealt with facts of European history. Further it focuses on woman, her childhood, adolescence and her adult age. The subject of the thesis is to show how the society behaved to a girl and a woman in the some specific social caste, how they thought of her, what type of rights, responsibilities and possibilities for education she had. The chosen areas are: the pedagogy history, the children education, the girl education and pedagogy, the family environment, the sociability, the marriage and maternity. The thesis subsequently responds how hardly and slowly the woman obtained her rights in the private also in the public life.
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