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Often hospitalization of children and its affect on his need of safety and sureness
TREPPESCHOVÁ, Adéla
The need is the manifestation of absence, lack of something or infringement of internal balance and influence the individual to the behaviour that should again create the balance. The need of certainty and safety is dominant need especially for small children. It is need to avoid jeopardy and danger and express oneself by the general human tendency to eliminate the anxiety and it is possible to meet the needs by reliable and sure interpersonal relationship. The feel of certainty and safety enables obtaining of confidence, life worth, reliability, independency, orientation in human community as well as in material value. The hospitalization of a child means significant interference with person life. In the hospital a child is separated from the family and its home environment. A child is hamper in movement, lay up and invest with foreign people in foreign environment with different daily routine. We speak about hospitalism when the conditions in hospital or in another institute, where is the child on the long- term basis hospitalize, are so unfavourable that the child is harmed in its development. From the medical point of view has a child hospitalization also positive aspect such as pernament medical supervision and professional care. The aim of my bachelor thesis is to find out whether an often hospitalized child meet the needs. I have appointed two different hypothesis: The need of certainty and safety is not fulfil in an often hospitalized child (H1). The nurse cooperation with child dependents is minimal during the time of child hospitalization (H2). Any of the above hypothesis where proven. Quantitative research was used for processing of practical part of my bachelor thesis called: ``Often hospitalization of children and its affect on his need of safety and sureness.{\crqq} Controlled interview, observation and questionaire were used as technique of data collection and as a research collection I used patients of children's ward and its dependent from hospital in České Budějovice and Písek. The results shows that during a child hospitalization a child has only a low rate of anxiety from staying in hospital, its environment and medical staff. In the contrary a great number of children are sorrowful in the hospital. They miss both parents and friends, pet or their toys. During the hospitalization more than half of parents is accomodated together with their child. Average period of hospitalization of a child is in about sixty percents cases only one week, in twenty-five percents cases two to four weeks, in ten percents cases five or more than five weeks. Only small percentage of informants did not reply this question. Information about a disease that caused hospitalization of a child was in more than half of the cases supplied by attending physician, in twenty percents cases by parents and less than ten percents of informants did not reply this question. I would like this thesis to serve as a textbook and as an instructive material for both medical staff and parents of hospitalized children.
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