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Relationship between perceptual and structural variation of human faces: cross-cultural comparison
Pavlovič, Ondřej
ONDŘEJ PAVLOVIČ RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEPTUAL AND STRUCTURAL VARIATION OF HUMAN FACES: CROSS- CULTURAL COMPARISON ABSTRAKT The perception of facial features is a fundamental aspect of human culture, influencing daily interactions and relationships. This thesis explores the cross-cultural dynamics of facial perception. First, the theoretical introduction establishes the centrality of facial perception across cultures. Empirical studies included in this thesis elucidate the convergence and divergence of attractiveness standards among cultures. Additionally, this thesis explores the interplay between facial shape dimorphism, color dimorphism, and typicality across a wide variety of populations. The context of Vietnamese immigrants in the Czech Republic offers a unique lens to study the impact of the sociocultural environment on facial perception and preferences. By analyzing attractiveness assessments provided by Czech Europeans, Czech Vietnamese, and Asian Vietnamese raters for Czech and Vietnamese faces, the studies included in this thesis further elucidate the convergence and divergence of attractiveness standards across these groups. The results of these studies underscore the role of facial averageness as a universally significant trait in attractiveness judgments. Studies added to the appendix explore...
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Music information retrieval techniques for determining the place of origin of the Czech chamber and orchestral music interpretations
Miklánek, Štěpán ; Mekyska, Jiří (referee) ; Kiska, Tomáš (advisor)
This diploma thesis is focused on the statistical analysis of chamber and orchestral classical music recordings composed by Czech authors. One of the chapters is dedicated to the description of a feature extraction process that precedes the statistical analysis. Techniques of Music Information Retrieval are used during several stages of this thesis. Databases used for analysis are described and pre-processing steps are proposed. A tool for synchronization of the recordings was implemented in MATLAB. Finally the system used for classification of recordings based on their geographical origin is proposed. The recordings are sorted by a binary classifier into two categories of Czech and world recordings. The first part of the statistical analysis is focused on individual analysis of features. The features are evaluated based on their discrimination strength. The second part of the statistical analysis is focused on feature selection, which can improve the overall accuracy of the binary classifier compared to the individual analysis of the features.
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Machine Learning for Natural Language Question Answering
Sasín, Jonáš ; Fajčík, Martin (referee) ; Smrž, Pavel (advisor)
This thesis deals with natural language question answering using Czech Wikipedia. Question answering systems are experiencing growing popularity, but most of them are developed for English. The main purpose of this work is to explore possibilities and datasets available and create such system for Czech. In the thesis I focused on two approaches. One of them uses English model ALBERT and machine translation of passages. The other one utilizes the multilingual BERT. Several variants of the system are compared in this work. Possibilities of relevant passage retrieval are also discussed. Standard evaluation is provided for every variant of the tested system. The best system version has been evaluated on the SQAD v3.0 dataset, reaching 0.44 EM and 0.55 F1 score, which is an excellent result compared to other existing systems. The main contribution of this work is the analysis of existing possibilities and setting a benchmark for further development of better systems for Czech.
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Encyclopedia Expert
Krč, Martin ; Schmidt, Marek (referee) ; Smrž, Pavel (advisor)
This project focuses on a system that answers questions formulated in natural language. Firstly, the report discusses problems associated with question answering systems and some commonly employed approaches. Emphasis is laid on shallow methods, which do not require many linguistic resources. The second part describes our work on a system that answers factoid questions, utilizing Czech Wikipedia as a source of information. Answer extraction is partly based on specific features of Wikipedia and partly on pre-defined patterns. Results show that for answering simple questions, the system provides significant improvements in comparison with a standard search engine.
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Commented Translation: Measurements in Electrotechnics and Audiotechnics
Šustrová, Pavlína ; Krhutová, Milena (referee) ; Kotásek, Miroslav (advisor)
Předmětem této práce je komentovaný překlad instruktá- žního textu používaného v univerzitních kurzech Měření v elektrotechnice a Měření v audiotechnice. Překlad byl vytvořen pro potřeby budoucích zahraničních studentů navštěvujících uvedené kurzy. Komentář uvádí důvody motivace k provedení překladu, překladatelské teorie a pohledy aplikované během překladu, potíže ke kterým v průběhu došlo a jejich individuální řešení, včetně konkrétních příkladů, a stručnou lingvistickou analýzu textu. Kromě samotného překladu tato práce představuje koncept slovníčků které by doprovázely každý laboratorní návod v textu. Finální verze překladu je připravena k posouzení, zda může být použita jako oficiální studijní materiál.
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Identification of emotional state using speech signal analysis
Navrátil, Michal ; Atassi, Hicham (referee) ; Smékal, Zdeněk (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the analysis of human emotional states speaker by the help of analyse speech signals. The thesis has two parts. In the first part, the process of speech generating is described in addition to the description of the commonly used pre-processing methods such as denoising or preemphasis. The first part also deals with the major and minor prosody features, these features are: the fundamental frequency, energy, spectral features and time domain features such as the speech rate. The second part of this thesis deals with a task of emotion recognition from the speech signal. When we accumulate sufficient of the number of recordings emotive state will be able to rekognize emotive state with high probability. All project is prepared for use in real time. The last part of this thesis thesis contains description and results of the experiments made on a large number of speech records.
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Vowel length in infant-directed speech: the realisation of short-long contrasts in Czech IDS
Svoboda, Michaela ; Chládková, Kateřina ; Kocjančič Antolík, T. ; Paillereau, Nikola ; Slížková, P.
When interacting with young children, talkers across many languages use a speech style that reflects positive affect, draws infants' attention, and supposedly facilitates language acquisition. As for the latter, a well-documented feature of infant-directed speech is an exaggeration of spectrally-cued vowel contrasts. Here we tested whether talkers exaggerate also durationally cued contrasts. Sixty-three mothers, native speakers of Czech, were recorded while playing with their infant (4- to 10-month-olds, IDS) and while speaking to an adult (ADS). The durations of the five Czech phonemically short vowels were compared to their long counterparts. Vowel duration (normalised for word duration) was longer in IDS than in ADS more for phonemically long vowels at the younger infant ages, indicating a developmentally specific early exaggeration of length contrasts in Czech infant-directed speech. The present finding suggests that in a language with phonemic length, caregivers' realisation of speech sounds may go beyond merely being longer and slower overall.
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Relationship between perceptual and structural variation of human faces: cross-cultural comparison
Pavlovič, Ondřej ; Kleisner, Karel (advisor) ; Třebický, Vít (referee) ; Marcinkowska, Urszula (referee)
ONDŘEJ PAVLOVIČ RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEPTUAL AND STRUCTURAL VARIATION OF HUMAN FACES: CROSS- CULTURAL COMPARISON ABSTRAKT The perception of facial features is a fundamental aspect of human culture, influencing daily interactions and relationships. This thesis explores the cross-cultural dynamics of facial perception. First, the theoretical introduction establishes the centrality of facial perception across cultures. Empirical studies included in this thesis elucidate the convergence and divergence of attractiveness standards among cultures. Additionally, this thesis explores the interplay between facial shape dimorphism, color dimorphism, and typicality across a wide variety of populations. The context of Vietnamese immigrants in the Czech Republic offers a unique lens to study the impact of the sociocultural environment on facial perception and preferences. By analyzing attractiveness assessments provided by Czech Europeans, Czech Vietnamese, and Asian Vietnamese raters for Czech and Vietnamese faces, the studies included in this thesis further elucidate the convergence and divergence of attractiveness standards across these groups. The results of these studies underscore the role of facial averageness as a universally significant trait in attractiveness judgments. Studies added to the appendix explore...
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