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Criminalistic theory of victims of crime
Kallabová, Markéta ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
1 Criminalistic theory of victims of crime Abstract The diploma thesis focused on Criminalization of Crime Victims deals with the issue of victims from the perspective of criminalistic victimology, which is a relatively young field examining the victim in terms of its impact on the crime investigation process, in connection with victimology findings. The thesis is divided into introduction, conclusion and four chapters, which provide insight into the issues of criminalistic victimology. The first chapter is devoted to the primary characteristics of the concerned field, including the definition of basic terms. In particular, the work deals with the victim of crime, its legal basis and description of rights that are guaranteed by Victims of Crime Act. Furthermore, the work discusses the concept of vulnerability and the process of victimization, where the thesis focuses mainly on secondary victimization, its sources and impacts. The second chapter in all its subchapters focuses on the subject of criminalistic victimology. Firstly, the thesis deals with the role of the victim in the genesis of the offense and with the importance of the victim's relationship with the perpetrator. The work also deals with material and memory traces of which the victim is the originator and the holder, and which are a valuable...
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Forensic ballistics
Votava, Milan ; Štourač, Petr (advisor) ; Musil, Jan (referee)
- 1 - 9. Abstract Forensic ballistics The goal of this thesis is to initiate readers into the branch of criminalistic or forensic ballistics and to its basic terminology. It is not possible to compile this theme at full length, there is no sufficient space for it, therefore I offer professional minimum of criminalistic ballistics. The fundamental purpose of my thesis is to afford the complex view of problems of modern forensic ballistics. The thesis is composed of introduction, six chapters, conclusion and supplements. Introduction defines short acquaintance with theme and with reasons why I decided on the subject of criminalistic ballistics. The following chapter "Historic development of fire arms" features history of weapons or fire arms. The subchapter "Historical development of forensic ballistics" includes the development of the branch abroad and in the territory of late Czechoslovakia too, including the well-known case of manslaughter of countess Windischgrätz. The chapter "Conception of forensic ballistics and its signification" illustrates basic division of criminalistic ballistics, then illustrates objects of investigation and occurrence of ballistics clues. The chapter named "Categories of object in ballistics investigation" is divided into three subchapters and readers can learn basic dividing of...
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Dactylography - past, present and future
Zapletalová, Karolína ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to comprehensively analyze and describe one of the oldest methods of individual identification of individuals, which originates in ancient civilizations and consists of identifying a person on the basis of unique drawings of his papillary terrain. The dactyloscopy will be viewed primarily from a criminalistic perspective, although the text also deals with its expansion and use in other areas of human life. This is also a current trend, whose tendencies can be expected in the future. The thesis is divided into three basic chapters - history, present, future, which will gradually summarize the whole issue of this established forensic science. The text is supplemented with pictures and photographs with regard to practical use of this method. The first part of the thesis deals with the history of dactyloscopy from the discovery of papillary lines by ancient cultures to the gradual introduction of scientific approach to this discipline, either from physiological point of view or later from the criminalistic point of view. The text focuses mainly on important personalities who have helped to develop dactyloscopy and put it into practice. At the end of this part, the historical background and the development of the doctrine of papillary lines in the Czech Republic are also...
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Criminalistic Experiment
Svoboda, Edvin ; Konrád, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
The theme of this diploma thesis is the Criminalistic Experiment. The first chapter deals with more general issues. It states what is meant by the experiment in the normal sense and then explains the difference between experiment and the criminalistic experiment. The next chapter discusses the essence of the criminalistic experiment. The second chapter describes the legal treatment of the investigative trial, especially in Act No. 141/1961 Coll., Criminal Procedure Code. The issue of people participating in the investigative trial is also easily mentioned. The third chapter focuses on the historical aspects of the investigative trial, the comparison of several criminologists and their view on the subject of a criminalistic experiment. Next, the fourth chapter describes the investigative trial in comparison with similar forensic operations, and reconstruction, clearance testimony on the spot, recognition, and inspection of forensic expertise. The fifth chapter focuses on the essence, purpose, and objectives of the investigative attempt of the forensic science. The sixth chapter divides the investigative trial into several types, in terms of when they occur or according to the facts. The seventh chapter discusses in greater detail the questions pertaining to participants in the investigative trial....
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Line-up
Janulková, Kateřina ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Pelc, Vladimír (referee)
This rigorous thesis analyzes line-up, which introduces a frequent procedural act and one of the basic criminological-tactical methods. The thesis considers line-up as a very important evidence from the perspective of Criminal Procedure Law and criminology. Line-up is also a very specific act because the process of rebuilding takes place in human brain and can not be controlled or verified in any way. All these characteristics increase the requirements for proper preparation and execution of line-up. The rigorous thesis also points out the fact that line-up is an important procedural act even in cases where identification is not achieved or the result of a line-up is not credible, as such result can be used for further investigative procedures. The aim of the thesis is to comprehensively and clearly analyze the issues of line-up and to analyze if the current law regulation corresponds with importance of this procedural act. Further, the aim of the thesis is to analyze the process of line-up and its correctness and effectiveness. Relating to these aims, the thesis points out especially significant problems, imperfections and confusion associated with line-up and focuses on possible ways of their elimination. The first part of the rigorous thesis focuses on general knowledge of line-up, types of...
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Forensic ballistics
Votava, Milan ; Štourač, Petr (advisor) ; Musil, Jan (referee)
- 1 - 9. Abstract Forensic ballistics The goal of this thesis is to initiate readers into the branch of criminalistic or forensic ballistics and to its basic terminology. It is not possible to compile this theme at full length, there is no sufficient space for it, therefore I offer professional minimum of criminalistic ballistics. The fundamental purpose of my thesis is to afford the complex view of problems of modern forensic ballistics. The thesis is composed of introduction, six chapters, conclusion and supplements. Introduction defines short acquaintance with theme and with reasons why I decided on the subject of criminalistic ballistics. The following chapter "Historic development of fire arms" features history of weapons or fire arms. The subchapter "Historical development of forensic ballistics" includes the development of the branch abroad and in the territory of late Czechoslovakia too, including the well-known case of manslaughter of countess Windischgrätz. The chapter "Conception of forensic ballistics and its signification" illustrates basic division of criminalistic ballistics, then illustrates objects of investigation and occurrence of ballistics clues. The chapter named "Categories of object in ballistics investigation" is divided into three subchapters and readers can learn basic dividing of...
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