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Analysis of Interview Audio
Polok, Alexander ; Plchot, Oldřich (referee) ; Matějka, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is the analysis of psychotherapeutic sessions. Classifiers describing the therapy are extracted from the audio recordings. These are then aggregated, compared with other sessions, and graphically presented in a report summarizing the conversation. In this way, therapists are provided with feedback that can serve for professional growth and better psychotherapy in the future.
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Turn-taking in an institutional discourse
Vaníčková, Klára ; Nekvapil, Jiří (advisor) ; Mrázková, Kamila (referee)
(in English): The thesis focuses on introducing a new topic in a conversation during meetings of Student Council of Faculty of Arts, Charles University (SR). To analyse 19 examples from SR environment, conversation analysis and unmotivated research were used. These methods confirmed the hypothesis - speakers follow the official rules of the organization during meetings. In conversations they proceed systematically; new topics are introduced by a chairman who also allows other speakers to start talking. Introducing of new topics is conditioned by the situation. If a remarkable situational action occurs, it becomes dominant in the conversation; however, after a solution has been reached, speakers return to the previous topic on the base of its re-introduction by a chairman.
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Intercultural mass media communication and the search of perfect language
Tesařová, Kristýna ; Šoltys, Otakar (advisor) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is a qualitative analysis of a media dialogical network's extract regarding chemical attack in Syria on 21st August 2013. In spite of the fact that main social participant in the subsequent international conflict, representatives of United States of America and Syria, president Obama, Secretary of State Kerry on one side and president Assad on the other side, have never actually met face to face, mass media interconnected their reactions into a coherent dialogue between west and east civilization and they accepted it as a part of intercultural negotiation of different meanings and interpretations of reality within a global mass media discourse. Methodological apparatus of conversation analysis and membership categorization analysis provides a tool to observe sequential and categorization aspects of a dynamic intertextual process of specification and respecification of the core cultural and political values in context. Thanks to the term structured immediacy it was also possible to consider sequential ordering of antecendents of the event in historical continuum. This analysis is based on ethnomethodological research of social interaction in mass media and is inspired by articles of J. Nekvapil und I. Leudar, which were dedicated to the analysis of intercultural...
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Extreme Case Formulations in the Research Interview
Zaepernicková, Eliška ; Nekvapil, Jiří (advisor) ; Havlík, Martin (referee)
The following thesis analyses the form and importance of extreme case formulations based on more than 10 research interviews. Extreme case formulations, i.e. formulations comprising expressions such as "nothing", "everything" or "noone", which present a phenomenon or a circumstance according to its minimal or maximal properties, can constitute a complication in the analysis of research interviews. This thesis expand the existing hypothesis of extreme case formulations by adding new findings, for example the bipolarity of extreme case formulations. In the analysed data, these do often occur together with different clasifiers, which either weaken (softeners) or strengthen (intensifiers) their extreme force. At the same time the following thesis broadens the research of extreme case formulations of interdisciplinary approach, which uses the findings from psychology and rhetoric. The conducted research is furthermore completed with the acoustic analysis of semantically extreme formulations, whose results show that extreme case formulations often tend to be acoustically emphasized. Keywords: extreme case formulation, conversation analysis, discourse analysis, interview, Czech
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Compliments in informal private discourse
Dvořáková, Klára ; Filippová, Eva (advisor) ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (referee)
1 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyze communication functions, verbal and nonverbal means of compliments in Czech which occur in private informal discourse. Material for this analysis was collected from audiovisual and audio recordings of communication between family members and friends. As for the identification of the communication functions of compliments the method of conversation analysis was chosen. Functional classification was created based on the location of compliments in global organization of conversation, linguistic form of compliments and actions that compliments are performing or accompanying. Another part of this thesis is devoted to the analysis of verbal and nonverbal means used at complimenting. The structures, lexical units and the most significant nonverbal means used in the production of compliments were identified. For the purpose of comprehensive description of compliment sequences we also analyze reactions to compliments.
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Code-switching as an expresion of power and solidarity in Czechoslovak enviroment
Korenyiová, Mariana ; Samek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Halbich, Marek (referee)
Diploma thesis Code-switching as an expression of power and solidarity in Czechoslovakian environment deals with several crucial interpretational sets of code-switching based on a research with Czech and Slovak speaking participants of conversations in Czechoslovakian environment. It stresses various possible interpretational sets through which code-switching can be looked at. Code-switching is examined on the basis of conversational analysis of not solely Czechs and Slovaks. Code-switching is not interpreted only from macro-social perspective and the work anticipates also the importance of the sequence order in specific conversation. Chosen communicational code is to some extent always dependent on the participants' negotiation directly in the interaction. Furthermore, the emphasis is on the deeper knowledge of idiolect in a long term perspective and on a connection of the topic and the changing language code of the conversation. The last part of the text discusses the issue of alcohol and its impact on verbal behavior with emphasis on code-switching. Alcohol modifies human behavior and also the speech acts of each of us. The best known research in the field of alcohol consumption and language is taken into account. These studies are subsequently applied on the case studies of Czechoslovak code-switching.
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Analysis of Interview Audio
Polok, Alexander ; Plchot, Oldřich (referee) ; Matějka, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is the analysis of psychotherapeutic sessions. Classifiers describing the therapy are extracted from the audio recordings. These are then aggregated, compared with other sessions, and graphically presented in a report summarizing the conversation. In this way, therapists are provided with feedback that can serve for professional growth and better psychotherapy in the future.
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Theoretical and Methodological Problems Related to a Sociolinguistic Analysis of Conversation Markers: boludo in Argentinian Spanish
ŠMÍDOVÁ, Markéta
The dissertation thesis aims to identify and describe the key theoretical and methodological problems related to the study of conversation markers and to the collection of authentic data for such an analysis. To illustrate the whole research process, the Argentinian conversation marker boludo as a model example is used. The starting point of the analysis is located at the intersection of conversation analysis, discourse analysis and sociolinguistic paradigms, while taking into account the omnipresent background of pragmatics as well. We try to assess the contribution of such an interdisciplinary approach when studying conversation markers. As for the methodology, the thesis seeks to show what difficulties arise when carrying out a sociolinguistic research of conversation markers, which are understood as units typical of spontaneous conversation, i.e. without external manipulation, in comparison with the variationist research at other language levels. In addition, we also clarify why it is important to evaluate their character not only on the grounds of qualitative and functional perspective (in relation to analysing the socially-indexed interaction markers), but also quantitatively with regards to selected social variables that appear to be relevant for the recurrent use of the given marker. The outcome of the method assessment is an attempt to design a model approach to be applied in practice. In sum, the core of the research consists in analysing the Argentinian marker boludo from different perspectives; namely, within the pragmatic, functional-positional, interactional-sociolinguistic and variationist-sociolinguistic frameworks. Its nature is subsequently compared to the behaviour of another recurrent Argentinian conversation marker, che, since some authors regard them as equivalents. The analyses of naturally-occurring conversation data collected in situ are complemented by introspective judgements of several native speakers.
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The Notion of "Scened Communication" in a Process of Second Language Acquisition
Černotová, Martina ; Řehořová, Irena (advisor) ; Marcelli, Miroslav (referee)
The Notion of "Scened Communication" in a Process of Second Language Acquisition The master thesis compares communication, which is based on an unwriten script, with communication, which is authentic and results from natural communication situation. The goal of this thesis is to define the concept of scened communication and describe differences between these two kinds of communication. Methodological base for this work is comparison of scened communication with authentic communication, using conversation analysis of interviews from places connected to the programme Icelandic Village and outside of Icelandic Village, in authentic situations. Then it's describing the factors which are changing the communication into scened. Theoretically is this work based on studies about second language acquisition (Theodórsdóttir, Wagner). As sources of methodology it uses literature about discourse analysis (Fairclough, Kraus, Schneiderová) and then specifically about conversation analysis (Ten Have, Sidnell, Jefferson). Key words: authentic communication, conversation analysis, discourse analysis, Icelandic language, scened communication, second language acquisition, transcription.
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Use of Ingressive Speech Forms in Conversational Norwegian
Vaňková, Markéta ; Zíková, Magdalena (advisor) ; Friedová, Mirjam (referee)
The subject of this bachelor thesis is ingressive pulmonic speech (IPS) in conversational Norwegian. This applies particularly to verbal forms of agreement (ja, jo, okay etc.) and disagreement (nei etc.). In contrast to previous studies, the goal of this thesis is a complex and quantifiable analysis of IPS. The data consists of 60 items of IPS from a Norwegian talk show called Lindmo. In this talk show the presenter and some of her guests use these forms rather frequently. Each item is classified according to a set of parameters, including phonetic (strength, presence of F0 and intonation) and discourse features (the (macro)theme (character of the conversational topic), the position in the (macro)thematic unit, the signalization of turn-taking, pauses before/after IPS, overlaps, discourse function and the type of an utterance before IPS). All occurrences are evaluated one by one using each of the parameters. The following findings emerged from the analysis: (i) IPS are used in the media by professional speakers (the presenter), in contrast to the expectations of previous studies; (ii) most of IPS (65 %) occurs in the middle of the thematic unit, i.e. in its centre, in contrast to the claim of previous studies that one of the main functions of IPS is the closure of the thematic unit (which is only...
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