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Vliv nepřímých daní na spotřebu cigaret v České republice
Kabeláč, Martin
This diploma thesis deals with description of influence of indirect taxes on consumption of cigarettes in the Czech Republic in 1993 - 2011. Analysed taxes are value added tax and excise. Influence of indirect taxes on consumption of cigarettes is examined by using of regression analysis. Than there is made recommendation of future taxation of cigarettes, which is based on results of the regression analysis. Recommendation should lead to increasing of budget revenues of the Czech Republic.
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Evaluation of the effectiveness of prevention of tobacco smoking in secondary schools in the district Strakonice
HOCHOVÁ, Tereza
This thesis deals with the issue of smoking. It is a serious global problem. Illnesses and death associated with smoking are among the most important problems of Public health in most countries. The risk of damage threatens not only to active smokers but also those who are exposed to passive smoking. Abuse of tobacco is clearly linked to cardiovascular diseases, cancer and other serious diseases. Most smokers begin to smoke no longer in secondary schools. According to Kalina (2003) is modus 14 years. Therefore, preventive activities must be realized before this period. School (outside of family and peers) affects education, attitudes and values of the student. Compulsory school attendance does from primary schools ideal environment for implementation preventive activities. That is reason why I wanted to know if and how well schools use an education as a means of primary prevention. Theoretical part contains the terminology associated with tobacco issues, further a history of tobacco and methods of tobacco and nicotine use. The following chapters provide information of substances contained in cigarettes, selected diseases, prevention, legislation, cessation and withdrawal symptoms and methods of quitting. I used a quantitative method for research in the practical part. Respondents were selected from among pupils from primary schools of Strakonice. At each of the schools in Strakonice I addressed to 50 pupils. First half of them were educated and second half were not. Two hundred of students were interviewed together. I discarded two questionnaires. Total quantity of respondents was 198 students. Questionnaire contained 20 questions, which was designed for students of second grade of elementary school. I set three targets. The main target was to map the problem of smoking among pupils of primary schools in Strakonice, evaluate the impact of education on the knowledge of the respondents and ascertain the views of students on the quality of education. Research has shown that the prevalence of smokers among students of second grade of elementary school in Strakonice is lower than prevalence by GYTS. Older pupils (who were educated) smoke to the greater extent (15.3 %) than younger (uneducated) pupils (6 % smokers). More than 70 % of smokers want to quit the smoking. Almost 26 % of respondents tolerate smoking of other people. Impact of education was assessed by the knowledge part of the questionnaire. It contained eight questions with a choice of four answers, only one was correct. The quality of information obtained in the school, most pupils assessed as good or marginal. These three hypotheses were created: the prevalence of smokers among respondents is higher with higher age, there is a statistically significant difference in knowledge of the issue of smoking between educated and uneducated pupils, and school provides respondents more information than other sources. For statistical verification was used the chi-square test at a significance level of 5 %. The first and second hypothesis was confirmed. A third hypothesis was refuted. Most pupils answered: media (television, internet...), school and family. The quantity of answers was balanced and so we can't talk about a statistically significant difference. Survey has enabled me to become a teacher for two hours. I was able teach sixth grade pupils in the issue of smoking. I have gotten so complex idea about the role of education in primary prevention. I was also convinced that it is necessary to grasp the issue from the perspective of pupil, not teacher. The theoretical part of the thesis can serve as educational material for students, teachers and the public. The practical part can be used to compare the results with other works or to monitor trends of smoking in Strakonice.
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Marketing enviroment and the introduction of new brands
Poul, Jaroslav ; Procházková, Markéta (advisor) ; Tuza, Jan (referee)
The aim is to provide a comprehensive view of the market of tobacco products. Focus is mainly on cigarette market, where I will zoom on the possibilities of DanCzek Teplice a.s., which is supplier of own brand cigarettes. Seeking answers to questions that will help company gain competitive advantage through creative solutions. The work includes a situation analysis, segmentation of target group customers, own recommendations to marketing activities. All advices must compete in real market enviroment and comply with legislative requirements.
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Alcohol and Cigarettes: Substitutes or Complements?
Totzauer, Přemysl ; Koblovský, Petr (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
This paper uses agregate level data in the Czech Republic from 1995 to 2008 to estimate if alcohol and cigarettes are complements or substitutes. The question whether alcohol and cigarettes are substitutes or complements is crucial for considering efficient anti-drug policies, however there has been only a few discussion regarding this topic. My estimation results suggest that cigarette price plays a significant role in both cigarettes and alcohol demand and an increase in cigarette price leads to a decrease in both cigarettes and alcohol consumption. This suggest that alcohol is a complement to cigarettes and anti-drug policy focused on cigarettes causes double win effect. Alcohol price increase leads to increase in cigarette consumption but alcohol price is statistically signifficant neither in alcohol nor in cigarette consumption, therefore we can't use this as evidence for cigarettes being substitutes to alcohol.
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The habits of teen-agers (alcohol, drugs, smoking, gamblers,...)
SCHNEIDEROVÁ, Monika
Abstract In my thesis ``Habits of secondary school students{\crqq} (alcohol, drugs, smoking, gambling{\dots}) I dealt with the use of addictive substances by students in the 2nd year of secondary schools. The use of addictive substances by young people has become a topical issue. According to statistical data, the number of users of both legal and illegal substances has been growing every year. It is disturbing that addictive substances, such as alcohol, nicotine or illegal drugs, have been used by ever younger consumers. In the theoretical part I covered the period of adolescence, characteristic features of that period and behavior disorders that may occur. I also reviewed the individual types of drugs and their physical and mental effects on the organism. In the empirical part of the thesis my objective was to map the current situation in drug abuse at selected secondary schools in the towns of Rokycany and Tábor. The researched group consisted of 325 respondents. I used a questionnaire to investigate their family backgrounds, alcohol consumption, cigarette consumption and experience with other drugs, e.g. marihuana, hashish or ecstasy. 2 of the 3 formulated hypotheses were refuted and 1 hypothesis was confirmed. All results are shown in form of tables and diagrams. In the discussion I compared my results with other research papers dealing with the same topic. The biggest issue in the selected group of respondents was the smoking of cigarettes. According to my findings, education is a major factor in the consumption of the individual drugs. The consumption of alcohol, cigarettes and other drugs is higher among apprentices while the consumption among students of comprehensive secondary school is significantly lower.
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Prohibition of smoking, its legal regulations and development
HRUBÝ, Karel
Cílem bakalářské práce je definovat, zda je nutná právní úprava zákazu kouření, popsat současný právní stav v České republice, jeho případné nedostatky. Práce se bude věnovat problematice kouření tabákových výrobků z hlediska kulturně-historického, z hlediska zdravotních rizik spojených s kouřením a ekonomických souvislostí. Rovněž budou zmíněny právní úpravy zákazu kouření v celoevropském kontextu. Závěrem by měla být snaha o nalezení a návrh možných řešení (preventivní opatření, zákazy a omezení reklamy a prodeje tabákových výrobků).
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