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Availability of occupational therapy care in patients with acquired brain injury after discharge from a rehabilitation center
Novotná, Barbora ; Hoidekrová, Kristýna (advisor) ; Angerová, Yvona (referee)
Title: Availability of Occupational Therapy Care in Patients with Acquired Brain Injury after Discharge from a Rehabilitation Center Abstract: At present, there is no standardised outpatient care that would be seamlessly linked to complex inpatient care and ensure the availability of specialised neurorehabilitation in all necessary areas (occupational therapy, physiotherapy, speech therapy and psychology). The main aim of the study was to evaluate the availability of occupational therapy care after discharge from a rehabilitation center after acquired brain injury at the Rehabilitation Institute Kladruby within the Cranioprogram and to create a current list of contracted health care providers for outpatient occupational therapy in the Czech Republic for adults. A questionnaire survey was used in the study, which was conducted on 50 respondents who participated in the Cranioprogram at the Rehabilitation Institute Kladruby. The mean age was 53, 4 (SD ± 15, 1) years and 14 women and 36 men participated. A list of contracted health service providers for ambulatory physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy and psychology was requested from individual insurance companies. The data results show that 32 respondents attend at least 1 outpatient rehabilitation during the first month after the end of...
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Ability to Transfer Learned Skills in Activities of Daily Living to Everyday Life in Patients with Acquired Brain Injury; Focusing on patients after stroke
Česáková, Kamila ; Nováková, Olga (advisor) ; Hoidekrová, Kristýna (referee)
Title: Ability to Transfer Learned Skills in Activities of Daily Living to Everyday Life in Patients with Acquired Brain Injury Abstract: The thesis deals with the topic of transfer of skills mainly from the area of activities of daily living learned in therapy to everyday life in patients after stroke. It is a case study within the framework of qualitative research, the main aim of which was to describe the process of transfer of learned skills from the field of ADL to everyday life over a longer period of time. The reason for choosing this topic was that although transfer of learned skills is crucial for rehabilitation and patient return to the home environment, it is still not given enough attention. The aim of the theoretical part was mainly to describe the elements influencing the transfer of learned skills to everyday life and the occupational therapist's possibilities to support this process in therapy and its evaluation. The practical part was conducted with four patients for 6-8 months. For each patient, 6 therapy sessions were first conducted, followed by two visits, each 2-3 months apart, during which a semi-structured interview took place. The aim of the practical part was to test different techniques and approaches in practice as well as to evaluate the transfer afterwards. In particular, the...
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Variability of Performance of Healthy Adults and Post-Stroke Patients in the Box and Block Test
Kotrbová, Kateřina ; Vondrová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Matoušová, Zita (referee)
Author: Bc. Kateřina Kotrbová Supervisor: Mgr. Kateřina Vondrová Title: Variability of Performance of Healthy Adults and Post-Stroke Patients in the Box and Block Test Abstract: Introduction: Occupational therapists commonly use the standardized Box and Block Test (BBT) to measure upper limb manual dexterity in individuals with stroke. A consensus lacks among evaluators regarding the frequency of BBT trials. The aim: To recommend the number of attempts for testing individuals with stroke using BBT in the age group of 20-64 years (inclusive). A partial objective is to propose indication and contraindication criteria for testing these individuals using BBT and to assess the impact of BBT on their subjective levels of pain, fatigue, and tension/stress using an emotional scale. Methodology: The author conducted a one-time testing using three consecutive BBT attempts. The experimental group consisted of 24 individuals with stroke. The control group comprised a healthy population of the same gender, with similar dominant limbs, and of similar age. Data were analyzed using the statistical program R, using t-tests and ANOVA tests. Results: A statistically significant difference (α = 0.05) was described in the experimental group between the results of the first attempt and the average results of three BBT...
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The need for enteral nutrition in patients after a stroke
Špalková, Šárka ; Vágnerová, Tereza (advisor) ; Klempíř, Jiří (referee)
Introduction: The diploma thesis focuses on the issue of nutritional support for patients after a stroke. Aims: In the theoretical part, the characteristics of ischemic stroke (iCMP) and hemorrhagic stroke (hCMP) were described. Subsequently, risk factors and prevention of stroke were described. The last part of the theory dealt with nutrition and procedures for introducing different types of diets and enteral nutrition in patients after a stroke. The aim of the practical part was to monitor the procedure during the nutrition consultation in patients who have recently experienced one of the events (iCMP or hCMP). Methods: Data for the thesis were obtained at the Neurological Clinic of the 1st Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University and VFN in Prague from February to April 2023. Various nutritional support was retrospectively monitored in patients who experienced an ischemic stroke and a hemorrhagic stroke. The duration of hospitalization, height, weight, BMI, age and associated diseases were also determined for the patients. Data processing and statistical evaluation was done in Microsoft Excel. Results: The study compared different types of nutritional support in 51 patients who were hospitalized in one intensive care unit and three standard wards. Most patients (49%) were only prescribed a...
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Visual - motor coordination in stroke patients
Gazdíková, Johana ; Krivošíková, Mária (advisor) ; Gerlichová, Markéta (referee)
The thesis deals with visual-motor coordination in patients after stroke. The main aim of the thesis is to describe the relationship between visuomotor and graphomotor coordination in selected patients after stroke, in subacute and chronic phase of the disease. The main contribution of the thesis should be a better understanding of the relationship between graphomotor and visuomotor skills. The outcome of the thesis is a pilot validation of the relationship between visuomotor and graphomotor skills in a research group of patients. The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes the knowledge about fine motor skills. It then deals mainly with visuomotor skills, specifically defining the concepts of visual perception, visual-motor integration and visual-motor coordination. Subsequently, the paper describes the level of visuomotor skills in patients after stroke. The theoretical part concludes with the possibilities of assessing visuomotor skills and the impact of this disorder on the activities of daily living. The practical part of the thesis deals with the evaluation of the level of graphomotor and visuomotor skills in patients after stroke. Two test batteries were used for the assessment: the Handwriting Assessment Battery for Adults (HAB) for the assessment of writing parameters and the Pediatric...
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Informing the lay public about stroke and its prevention
Butala, Žaneta ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Klokočková, Šárka (referee)
The bachelor's thesis "The lay public's awareness of stroke and its prevention" examines the lay public's awareness of stroke and its prevention in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The aim of the work was to determine the level of awareness of the lay public about stroke and its prevention options, with regard to comparing the situation in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The theoretical part of the work provides a complete overview of the basic anatomy of the brain, including its vascular supply, the mechanisms of this disease, symptomatic manifestations, diagnostic procedures, therapeutic options and preventive measures related to cerebrovascular accident. The empirical part contains the results of the own exploratory investigation. The exploratory research method was a survey available in both language versions - self-edited. The survey was distributed via an online form. A total of 334 duly completed forms were included in the research, 241 from the Czech Republic and 93 from the Slovak Republic. Results: The obtained data point to significant variability in awareness of stroke between the two investigated countries, while there is a noticeable difference in the level of awareness of this issue in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. It has been proven that awareness regarding the prevention of...
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Mapping of possible sport activities in patients after stroke from the perspective of physiotherapist
Dobeš, Marek ; Kymplová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Bakulová, Kateřina (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is dedicated to mapping out physical activities for people with mild disabilities after stroke and their positive effects. At the beginning of the work is described generally stroke, its distribution and aetiology. It also depicts the main areas affected and the associated deficits and factors. The next charter of this general section i also devoted to the ever lower age average of people with CMP formation. Because of the Covid-19 epidemic, several sentences also mention the issue. Subsequently, the Bachelor's thesis is already starting to focus on the topic of CMP- related activity in its icute, subacute and chronic phase. An early rehabilitation plan for patiens after CMP as well as follow-up recommendations for the chronic phase of the disease is briefly described. Based on specific studies examples of sports and exercise activities are written, which can be a benefical addition to both the rehabilitation and post-rehabilitation process. Each activity has her own meaning and brings different benefits, whether of a physical, psychosocial or mental nature. Great importance is also given to strength training and its effect on the human body. Strength aspects and strengthening are on the back side in people who had stroke. With higher strength and muscle endurance, the body's...
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Effect of myofascial treatment on balance in patients after stroke
Šlahorová, Hana ; Táborská, Silvie (advisor) ; Kozel, Jakub (referee)
BACHELOR'S THESIS ABSTRACT Author: Hana Šlahorová Supervisor: Mgr. Silvie Táborská Consultant: Bc. Monika Tichá Title: Effect of myofascial treatment on balance in patients after stroke Bachelor's thesis abstract: The bachelor thesis deals with the effect of myofascial treatment on balance in patients after stroke. The secondary goal of the thesis is to acknowledge the effects of this technique on a range of motion and a spasticity. The bachelor thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part covers issues like stroke, balance and posture, fascia and fascial network, and at last Myofascial release technique. The practical part includes two case studies of two patients in the chronic phase of stroke recovery. This part includes a description of a therapy that was applied to them. In total, there were ten sessions in each patient during one month and one session was 30 minutes long and was performed in their home. This thesis shows new possible techniques that can be used in patients after a stroke. Key words: stroke, fascia, myofascial treatment, balance
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(Plocková veronika) Advanced analysis of specific thrombi features in multiphase CT data
Plocková, Veronika ; Nemčeková, Petra (referee) ; Jakubíček, Roman (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on advanced analysis of thrombus in multiphase CT data. The first part presents a literature review on ischemic stroke, its treatment, and the impact of thrombus structure on treatment success. Additionally, the literature review includes brief anatomy of the brain and methods for extracting radiomic features and possible methods for thrombus analysis from imaging data. In the last part of the theoretical work, the extracted features used in the practical part of the work and methods of their calculation are summarized. A brief introduction to statistical methods used in the practical part of the work follows. The practical part focuses on extracting statistical and textural features from CT data. Experiments deal with the analysis of extracted features, discriminatory properties of thrombus and background, and proposing an approach to thrombus segmentation from CT data. The results of the experiments are discussed.
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Implementation of thrombi detector in multiphase CT data
Rudol, Filip ; Chmelík, Jiří (referee) ; Jakubíček, Roman (advisor)
Early diagnosis is a key factor for the successful treatment of ischemic stroke. Software for automatic thrombi detection can be a helpful tool for radiologists. The bachelor’s thesis deals with thrombi detection in multiphase CT data. The main objective of this thesis was to detect thrombi and develop a prototype of the detection software. The algorithm also allows the thrombi to be segmented. The proposed approach is fully automatic. The success of the algorithm could be objectively evaluated using the available manual annotations. The practical part was implemented in the MATLAB R2023b programming environment. In the theoretical part, a research on the issue was developed.
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