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Advanced Data Mining in Cardiology
Mézl, Martin ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Sekora, Jiří (advisor)
The aim of this master´s thesis is to analyse and search unusual dependencies in database of patients from Internal Cardiology Clinic Faculty Hospital Brno. The part of the work is theoretical overview of common data mining methods used in medicine, especially decision trees, naive Bayesian classifier, artificial neural networks and association rules. Looking for unusual dependencies between atributes is realized by association rules and naive Bayesian classifier. The output of this work is a complex system for Knowledge discovery in databases process for any data set. This work was realized with collaboration of Internal Cardiology Clinic Faculty Hospital Brno. All programs were made in Matlab 7.0.1.
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EKG synchonization of electroporation pulses
Nohel, Michal ; Mézl, Martin (referee) ; Novotná, Veronika (advisor)
Bachelor thesis is focused on cells electroporation principle and its types. It further describes thermal and nonthermal ablation techniques with an emphasis on irreversible electroporation. It contains an overview of fields, where medical procedures in combination with ECG signal are used, and an overview of techniques and measurements of the electrocardiographic signal. Further, the sensitivity of the human body to electroporation pulses is discussed. During electroporation, short high-voltage pulses are applied. Ventricular fibrillation may occur if the electroporation pulse is applied to the vulnerable period of the heart rhythm. Synchronization of pulse application with heart activity of the patient is necessary for health and safety reasons in clinical practice. The practical part of the thesis is about a LabVIEW program for this kind of synchronization. The created program is tested and the obtained results achieved are evaluated in terms of practical use.
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Knowledge of nurses in twelve lead ECG recording
Duda, Jiří ; Matulová, Jana (advisor) ; Menšíková, Monika (referee)
Author: Jiří Duda Institution: Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové Department of non-medical studies Title: Knowledge of nurses in twelve lead ECG recording Supervisor: Mgr. Jana Matulová Number of pages: 94 Number of attachments: 3 Year of defense: 2022 Keywords: ECG, cardiac physiology, nurses, knowledge of nurses, cardiology The bachelor thesis deals with the problems of correct ECG recording by nurses in the environment of a cardiology clinic. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with anatomical description of the heart, comprehensible description of creating excitation signal in the heart and its travel through cardiac conduction system. Furthermore, this part deals with all types of ECG recordings, correct ECG monitoring technique, description and differences between ECG leads, physiological ECG curve and its basic description and pathological ECG curve with the most frequent heart rhythm disorders. The empirical part examines knowledge of nurses in the correct ECG recording using non-standardized questionnaire survey.
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Automated external defibrillators in theory and practice
Burianová, Lucie ; Sojková, Monika (advisor) ; Heczková, Jana (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the treatment and importance of location Automated external defibrillators in the particular units of Integrated Rescue System. In the theoretical part I describe basic anatomy and physiology of heart, patophysiology of selected cardiac arrhythmias. The largest part is devoted to Automated external defibrillators. In the several parts I explain philosophy of defibrillators, description of instruments, indication and contraindication of use, correctly use of defibrillators, the pros and cons their use in basic life support. In this bachelor thesis I write history of defibrillation and Automated external defibrillators. I mention studies, which were performed on this topic. In the practical part the quantitative method was used in the form of anonymous questionnaires. The survey was conducted at the particular units of Integrated Rescue System.
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The language of medical reports and its information-lexical analysis
Přečková, Petra ; Zvárová, Jana (advisor) ; Hanzlíček, Petr (referee) ; Skalská, Hana (referee)
The objective of the dissertation thesis has been the information-lexical analysis of Czech medical reports and the usability of international classification systems in the Czech healthcare environment. The analysis of medical reports has been based on the attributes of the Minimal Data Model for Cardiology (MDMC). Narrative medical reports and structured medical reports from the ADAMEK software application have been used. For the thesis SNOMED CT and ICD-10 classification systems have been used. There has been compared how well attributes of MDMC are recorded in narrative and structured medical reports. The language analysis of the Czech narrative medical reports has been made. A new application for measuring diversity in medical reports written in any language is proposed. The application is based on the general concepts of diversities derived from f-diversity, relative f- diversity, self f-diversity and marginal f-diversity. The thesis has come to the conclusion that using a free text in medical reports is not consistent and not standardized. The standardized terminology would bring benefits to physicians, patients, administrators, software developers and payers and it would help healthcare providers as it could provide complete and easily accessible information that belongs to the process of...
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EKG synchonization of electroporation pulses
Nohel, Michal ; Mézl, Martin (referee) ; Novotná, Veronika (advisor)
Bachelor thesis is focused on cells electroporation principle and its types. It further describes thermal and nonthermal ablation techniques with an emphasis on irreversible electroporation. It contains an overview of fields, where medical procedures in combination with ECG signal are used, and an overview of techniques and measurements of the electrocardiographic signal. Further, the sensitivity of the human body to electroporation pulses is discussed. During electroporation, short high-voltage pulses are applied. Ventricular fibrillation may occur if the electroporation pulse is applied to the vulnerable period of the heart rhythm. Synchronization of pulse application with heart activity of the patient is necessary for health and safety reasons in clinical practice. The practical part of the thesis is about a LabVIEW program for this kind of synchronization. The created program is tested and the obtained results achieved are evaluated in terms of practical use.
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Monitoring methods in cardiovascular disease from the nurses point of view
PROCHÁZKOVÁ, Anna
Theoretical basis: This thesis briefly describes the current status of cardiology and diagnostic methods conducted in this area. For diagnose of heart disease are used many diagnostic metods. Such as anamnesis , physical examination. Which include, view, palpation, percussion and auscultation. Diagnostic methods can be divided into invasive and non-invasive. Invasive methods measures central blood pressure, heart catheterization, coronary angiography and electrophysiological testing. Between noninvasive methods are include blood pressure monitors, ECG, echocardiography, tilt table test, stress test and X-ray examinations. The aim of the thesis: In the empirical part of this work are conducted interviews with nurses working at the Cardiological Department in selected South Bohemian hospitals. The goal of the research was to find out which methods are used by nurses in ECG and complications that nurses know the context of the implementation coronarographic examination. Methodology: The research survey has revealed the specifics of nursing care in coronary examinations and methods which nurses perform during an ECG. The research was conducted through qualitative based on interviews with nurses. The interview contained twenty-two issues that were focused on Coronary and ECG. Inteviews were recorded on an electronic recorder after permission nurses. During the interviews, I took notes on paper. All interviews were then transferred to Microsoft Office Word. Before starting the interviews, had been sent a request for approval in writing to head nurse in selected South Bohemian hospitals. Before beginning the interviews I've printed out twenty-two questions prepared in advance. Questions were divided into three categories. The identification part, the part concerning examination and coronarographic part focused on an ECG. Results: The interview shows that nurses from cardiology department know the basic complications which may be invoked in connection with the examination of the coronary. The most common complication which could nurses experience is pain, hematoma and bleeding. Nurses don´t offten meet with less frequent complications, although they know these complications. Nurses know what to follow in order to avoid complications. Nurses are aware that proper preparation of the patient for testing and subsequently monitoring the patient's condition after the examination can prevent complications. Nurses also warn patients to avoid straining of their limb. The research shows that for nurses is ECG well known and is conducted several times a day. For the examination nurses are preparing EKG machine, water or gel, wipes, disinfecting apparatus, and gloves. Some nurses also prepares disposable razor. Conclusion: This thesis should more extend overview about diagnostics metods of cardiovascular system. I also strive to make diagnostic methods more well-known for nurses outside the cardiology department. In cardiology is constantly improving the quality of diagnostics methods and prognosis of patients is still improving. I hope that my work will bring quality and complete summary of the investigative methods in cardiology and becomes a learning tool for someone else.
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Biventricular pacing optimization by means of the dyssynchrony parameter
Jurák, Pavel ; Leinveber, P. ; Halámek, Josef ; Plešinger, Filip ; Postránecká, T. ; Lipoldová, J. ; Novák, M.
To improve Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT), different interventricular delay (VVD) settings can be used. However, relatively small VVD induced hemodynamic changes cannot be measured by standard echocardiographic methods. The QRS complex duration (QRSd) is mostly the main criterion. Here we introduce a new dyssynchrony parameter (DYS) that is able to more accurately detect improved electrical synchrony. Methods: 12-lead 5 kHz ECG during 3-10 minute rest period was measured in 46 patients with CRT OFF and CRT ON with VVD 0 ms (CRT0) and -20 ms (CRT20). We detected QRSd and the dyssynchrony parameter DYS as the time difference between 500-1000 Hz averaged envelopes positions in the V1 and V6 leads in the QRS complex region. Results: 32 of 46 patients had a positive CRT response manifested by QRSd shortening and a DYS decrease. 28 of 32 patients had a positive LV pre-excitation effect: additional QRSd shortening of 4.7+/-.9 ms and a DYS decrease of 12.6+/-7.5 ms. The correlation coefficient of QRSd and DYS changes (CRT 0 vs CRT 20) was 0.23 and indicates information diversity. The DYS parameter differs from QRSd and provides a significantly higher response to VVdelay changes (p <; 0.001).
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Nursing Care for Patient after Surgery of Valvular Defects
Beranová, Veronika ; Burišková, Klára (advisor) ; Hocková, Jana (referee)
This thesis is focused on the nursing care for patient after valvular defects surgery. The aim of this final paper is to ascertain the principles of specialized nursing care for patient after valvular defects surgery, analyse the condition of written standards for providing aftercare to patients who underwent valvular defects surgery, or the state of the nursing protocols in specialized nursing care. The purpose of qualitative - observational research in providing specialized nursing care is to find an answer to the question of whether the specifics of nursing care in Prague cardiac centres are significantly different. The theoretical section contains chapters describing cardiac centres, the history of surgical treatment of heart valves, and the most common valvular heart defects in adulthood. In the theoretical section of this study, I focus in detail on the nursing care for patients following cardiac procedure, ensuring not to forget the monitoring of physiological functions, artificial pulmonary ventilation, and immediate position after elective cardiac surgery. The empirical section is divided into quantitative and qualitative research. The quantitative empirical investigation is focused on an anonymous questionary survey that has been applied in three Prague cardiac centres. Approximately 150...
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