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Evaluation of Chemical and Technological Properties of Grain and Milling Franctions of Hulless Barley for Bakery Use
Vaculová, Kateřina ; Jirsa, Ondřej ; Balounová, Marta ; Sedláčková, Irena
Wider use of barley with great food potential due to its high nutritional value of grain is constrained by lack of knowledge about the functionality of barley grain components in terms of processing and food products development. Selected genotypes of hulless spring barley (cv. AF Lucius, lines KM 2084, KM 2283, KM 1057 and genetic resource Nudimelanocrithon) were examined for chemical composition (crude protein, starch, β-glucans, macro-minerals) and breadmaking properties of grain and grain milling fractions (flour, semolina, bran). Differences in chemical composition of genotypes reflected in both the yield and rheological properties of individual milling fractions, measured with farinograph and extensograph. The addition of barley flour (15-30%) or barley semolina and bran (10 and 20%) to standard wheat flour reflected in different rheological properties depending on a barley genotype. The farinograph parameters largely varied in individual materials, however, the percentage of barley fractions in the mixture did not affect the values considerably. In comparison with standard wheat flour, values of extensograph parameters were low (especially for energy and extensibility) in all barley samples studied. However, they were affected by both the proportion of barley fraction and its interaction with a rest period. When the rest period was longer (90 min), even higher additions of semolina or bran (especially in cv. AF Lucius) were technologically acceptable.
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Biodiversity of epigeic beetles on selected field crops - effects of management on the structure of communities
SVOBODA, Richard
Epigeických beetle communities were studied on four agroecosystems with different crops grown. All four agroecosystems were located in the vicinity of Czech Budejovice (South Bohemia). The first agroecosystem is conventionally grown corn. On the second one agroecosystem it was conventionally grown wheat. The third agroecosystem was barley and the fourth was permanent grassland. Individual agroekosystems differed not only in crops but also in agrotechnical operations during the capture. In all agroecosystems was for capture of the material used method of pitfall traps. Subsequently, those types have been studied. Then was studied degree of human impact on the biodiversity of species of different ecological groups found in these locations.Beetle activity was highest in the maize agroecosystem. There was found almost half of all captured individuals. In all agroecosystems was activity affected by management of agrotechnic operations and also by for that year specific weather. All sites were completely dominated by expansive species (E - types of deforested habitats strongly influenced by human activities)
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Alcohol Yield of Oat, Barley and Wheat Hydrolysates
PIKL, Miroslav
Major part of ethanol production for industrial use in Czech Republic is made from cereals. Effect of acid, alkali and enzymatic hydrolysis after thermopressure preparation takes part in the paper. The most promising alternative is enzymatic hydrolysis. Especially efficiency of different hydrolytic enzymes towards different species of cereals takes the main part of the simulations. Local farm products, oats, barley and wheat were prepaired by steam explosion in different pressure. After hydrolysis were detected the GE and after fermentation was observed the production of alcohol.
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Pokroky v průtokové cytogenetice ječmene
Suchánková, Pavla ; Kubaláková, Marie ; Kovářová, Pavlína ; Bartoš, Jan ; Čihalíková, Jarmila ; Endo, T. R. ; Doležel, Jaroslav
Flow cytogenetics is an attractive tool that facilitates genome mapping. Flow cytometric analysis permits classification of isolated chromosomes according to their DNA content As thousands of chromosomes are analysed in each sample, quantitative detection of structural and numerical chromosome changes is possible. Any chromosome that can be discriminated can also be sorted in large quantities and high purities for subsequent molecular analysis. Unfortunately, only the smallest chromosome 5(1H) can be discriminated and sorted in barley. This is due to similarity in relative DNA content among the chromosomes 1 - 4,6 and 7 (2H - 7H). Cytogenetic stocks facilitate sorting of those translocation chromosomes that differ in DNA content Even if the sorted translocation chromosomes were found useful for mapping DNA sequences to subchromosomal regions, their use remained limited. Here we describe a novel approach that facilitates sorting of any of the 14 barley chromosome arms. The strategy is based on using wheat-barley addition lines carrying barley chromosome arms (telocentric chromosomes). Furthermore, we will be able to sort subarm chromosomal segments that are generated in the wheat-barley chromosome addition lines by the gametocidal system. These advances make flow cytogenetics an attractive tool that can simplify barley genome mapping. A possibility to purify large quantities of individual chromosome arms and their segments opens avenues for targeted isolation of low-copy "genie" sequences, preparation of specific probes for screening EST arrays, HAPPY mapping, and construction of chromosome arm-specific BAG libraries.
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