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The bark beetle and decline of the spruce forests - educational program
KOŠKOVÁ, Anna
Bachelor thesis focuses on creation of educational curriculum about bark beetle and decline of the spruce forests. Whole curriculum is aimed to pupils of the 6th and 7th class of elementary schools. The literature review deals with forest vegetation stages, life cycle of the bark beetle, then there are described ways how to avoid its uncontrollable spreading and possibilities of growing new and resistant forests. Practical part of this bachelor thesis is devoted to educational curriculum itself. In conclusion is discussed the usage of this curriculum in other educational facilities.
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Model přežívání smrku ztepilého v podmínkách gradace lýkožrouta smrkového
ONDŘICHOVÁ, Nikola
As a result of the gradation of the bark beetle, there is often extensive damage to spruce stands. Although not only damaged but also healthy stands are attacked during massive gradation, there are individuals who survive this gradation. The aim of this thesis was to determine which selected environmental variables affect the survival of trees in the conditions of gradation of the bark beetle. The area of interest of my thesis was the Březník area, located in Šumava. The evaluation showed that a strong effect increasing the probability of stands survival was manifested in the variable containing edaphic categories, especially in the edaphic category of the 9th class. This class represents a waterlogged permanently wet area, which increases the probability of vegetation survival and largely corresponds to humidity conditions. The distance to the natural edges of the stand also contributes to the increasing probability of survival. This thesis can be useful with its results and conclusions in the field of forest management.
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Methodology of treatment of infested wood by spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) using EDN(R) fumigation preparation
Stejskal, Václav ; Hnátek, Jonáš ; Kadlec, Jakub ; Aulický, Radek
The methodology describes the effective application of EDN(R) in the treatment of unprocessed wooden logs on heaps in forest. This methodology provides the technical and biological information regarding effective application of EDN(R) with the active substance ethanedinitrile in the treatment of harvested spruce logs in order to reduce the risk of spreading European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus). The methodology describes technical specifications and the use of special application equipment for the application of the liquefied EDN from cylinders using nitrogen as an inert drive to treat harvested coniferous wood. The methodology is based on original experimental data. The general goal of the methodology was to help mitigate the current bark beetle calamity in the Czech Republic. The specific objectives of the methodology were to provide (i) objective and original information for the purposes of professional pest control staff and supervisory authorities (especially CISTA) on the method and procedure for treating wood using the EDN(R) product; ii) methodological documents necessary for repeated rapid preparation of the CISTA regulation for the use of EDN for the treatment of landfills under tarpaulin; and (iii) to provide a brief overview of published scientific information and an evaluation of the methods and preparations used for phyto-quarantine treatment of wood against European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) in comparison with the new procedure described in this methodology (i.e. EDN-fumigation of piles of spruce-logs under a plastic sheet).
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Detection of bark beetle attack of Norway spruce using spectral and biophysical data at different hierarchical levels
Vesecká, Martina ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Tomášková, Ivana (referee)
There was created an overview of key aspects for a correct understanding of the dynamics between bark beetle and Norway spruce, especially the way of life of the beetle and the time course of its life cycles. It is absolutely essential to understand this interaction for a timely and effective solution to the bark beetle calamity. Furthermore, the mutual interaction of beetle and tree is discussed in detail in the text. Great emphasis is placed on the description of the spruce's defense mechanisms and the consequences of the attack. In particular, biophysical changes in the needles, which cause a change in the spectral behaviour of the leaves and thus the entire forest stand. Using sensor capable of measuring the reflectance of surfaces, it is possible to detect a bark beetle-infested tree much earlier than changes in the needles could be detected by the naked eye and remove it while it is still colonized by the beetle and not spreading further into surrounding trees. This is key to managing not only the current bark beetle calamity. An overview of case studies is given in the thesis, where the use of spectral methods at different hierarchical levels was applied and satisfactory accuracy in the identification of early infested trees was achieved. Key words: Norway spruce, bark beetle, bark beetle...
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Biology of three-toed woodpecker
Navrátil, Martin ; Fuchs, Roman (advisor) ; Reif, Jiří (referee)
In my thesis I have tried to find out how does forest management influence presence of the Three-toed woodpecker Picoides tridactylus.This species is considered a "flagship species" of an untouched primeval type of forest and therefore it requires our attention and protection. The thesis contains results of North-American studies focused on the species very similar to Picoides tridactylus. The main chapters are those aimed to provide information about how is the Picoides tridactylus affected by forest fragmentation, stand health condition and finally the impact of food supply on the occurence and behaviour of the species.
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Evaluation of forest calamites using the remote sensing data
Chrást, Josef ; Štych, Přemysl (advisor) ; Jedlička, Jan (referee)
Evaluation of forest calamities using the remote sensing data Abstract The objective of this paper is to evaluate possibilities of medium-spatial resolution satellite data assimilation for monitoring of the forest disturbances. The aim of the study is to monitore the bark beetle outbreak in the Šumava Mountains. For this purpose were used eight MERIS scenes from 2002 to 2009. Spectral response of the damaged spruce stands has been analyzed on the based of the values of selected vegetation indices (NDVI, LAI, LAI.Cab, fCover, fAPAR and three newly defined indices) and their temporal progress. The results were compared with values for healthy forests. The values of spectral indices have shown the ability of data MERIS to monitor forest disturbances at regionale scale.
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