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Representation of selected elements in human hair
Jochimová, Eva ; Janoušková, Eva (referee) ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor)
Hair is an excellent matrix for monitoring trace elements and minerals in the body. To long-term changes in concentration of elements in the body are reflected in their value in her hair, so the assessment of the organism from the mineral analysis of hair is a very suitable method. This method is widely used in toxicological testing and forensics. This work deals with the analysis of Mg, K, Fe, Zn, Mn, Se, As, Cd and Pb in 100 samples by ICP-MS. It is a male hair samples with the age range 19 – 74 years. Analysis of hair revealed that concentrations of individual elements are moving in a narrow range of values. Values of older age category are in some case significantly deflective.
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Monitoring of arsenic forms in foodstuffs
Harkabusová, Veronika ; Hrstka, Miroslav (referee) ; Vitoulová, Eva (advisor)
The diploma thesis is dealing with monitoring of arsenic in foodstuffs. The aim of this thesis is the determination of arsenic in samples of fish and rice and the study of forms, in which arsenic occurs, using speciation analysis. Arsenic is known as a toxic element, but its measure of toxicity depends on the chemical form it occurs in. Arsenic is present in the environment naturally or it gets in the environment by human activities. Complete characterization of arsenic compounds is necessary to understand intake, accumulation, transport, detoxification and activation of this element in the natural environment and living systems. The field of arsenic speciation analysis has grown rapidly in recent years, because determination of the total element content is not sufficient in the case of arsenic. Speciation method was done using separation by high performance liquid chromatography and detection by atomic fluorescence spectrometry with hydride generation. Extractable arsenic was present in the form of nontoxic arsenobetaine in all analysed samples of fish. In samples of rice there was confirmed the presence of toxic inorganic species of arsenic, esspecially As (III), but their concentration was at low level.
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Specific substances in drinking water sources
Konečný, Jiří ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
In this bachelor thesis I dealt with specific substances which occures in sources of drinking water and pollutes quality of water. Especially its heavy metal, sulfur compounds, nitrogen, phosphorus and other. In this thesis I deal with possibilities about remove of these substances by using various methods, especially absorption on filter materials. These thesis is focused on using absorption on suitable materials for reduction of concentration arsenic and cadmium in drinking water. In first part I‘ve characterized subtances which occures in the water and outlined a way to remove them. Second part is focused on laboratory observation to efficiency of removing arsenic and cadmium on sorption materials.
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Selected inorganic pollutants in foodstuffs
Kroupová, Kateřina ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Vitoulová, Eva (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focus on occurrence of inorganic pollutants in foodstuffs. The introduction is dedicated to apperance of individual selected elements in foodstuffs. Concentration of these elements is very important factor for examination of toxic effects for the human organism. If we want to avoid the harmful effects to the human organism, we have to define border limits. Work is based on the legislative of Czech republic. Second part of this study is focused on the biological monitoring. The biological monitoring is important for precautionary measures. In the third part of this study are described toxical effects of these elements to the human organism. Before qualitative and quantitative analysis by instrumental techniques is important to properly take the sample. In the fourth and fifth part of this work are mentioned methods used for determination of these elements and metods of taking samples. This bachelor thesis provide complex view on the problems of pollutants in foodstuffs and it should be used as a base for following diploma thesis.
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Arsenic and arsenic species cycle in environment
Ševčíková, Kateřina ; Sommer, Lumír (referee) ; Dočekalová, Hana (advisor)
This bachelor thesis, based mostly on literature retrieval, deals with monitoring of individual arsenic compounds in the environment and is also reviewing methods used for their analysis. The experimental part is focused on determination of various arsenic in the Oncorhynchus mykiss tissue by HPLC-UV-HG-AFS. Obtained results showed that the arsenic was present in the tissue of the Oncorhynchus mykiss in form of arsenobetaine, which is common for fishes and other aquatic animals and is not toxic even for consuments.
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Hodnocení stavu životního prostředí: Monitoring cizorodých látek v potravních řetězcích: Hodnocení ekologických rizik vyplývajících z dat projektu, návrh následných opatření
TOCOEN, Brno ; Volka, Karel ; Holoubek, Ivan
Na 22 lokalitách byly monitorovány hodnoty kontaminace těžkými kovy (kadmium, olovo, rtuť, zinek, měď, nikl, arsen), polychlorovanými bifenyly, organochlorovými pesticidy a polyaromatickými uhlovodíky. Jsou navrhována koncepční řešení pro zajištění soustavného, kvalitního a vypovídajícího monitoringu pro hodnocení kvality životního prostředí . Zpráva obsahuje podrobné výsledky měření a přináší jejich interpretaci ve studii Stupeň kontaminace různých matric jednotlivými polutanty - hodnoceno s ohledem na časový vývoj (1996-2000) a rozdíly mezi vzorkovanými lokalitami.
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Hodnocení stavu životního prostředí: Monitoring cizorodých látek v potravních řetězcích: Zajištění systému kontroly jakosti (správné laboratorní praxe). Monitoring vybraných cizorodých látek ve vybraných složkách
Česká zemědělská a potravinářská inspekce, Praha ; Český ekologický ústav, Praha ; Vysoká škola chemicko-technologická v Praze, Praha ; Suchánek, Miloslav ; Volka, Karel
V první zprávě je navržen systém auditu a validace správné laboratorní praxe v síti monitorovacích laboratoří. Je připraven návrh na vznik Národní referenční laboratoře pro metody monitorování životního prostředí a pro systém správné laboratorní praxe. Druhá zpráva přináší výsledky monitorování kontaminace těžkými kovy (kadmium, olovo, rtuť, zinek, měď, nikl, arsen), polychlorovanými bifenyly, organochlorovými pesticidy a polyaromatickými uhlovodíky ve 22 vybraných lokalitách a jejich interpretaci.
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