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The influence of modified TiO2 nanotubes on biointerfacial interaction
Bílek, Ondřej ; Kočí,, Kamila (referee) ; Hlaváček,, Antonín (referee) ; Fohlerová, Zdenka (advisor)
Nanotrubičky oxidu titaničitého v průběhu posledních let nabyly na významu v poli biomedicíny. Jakožto biokompatibilní nanostrukturovaný povrch nachází potenciál pro své uplatnění především v oblasti implantačních aplikací. Teoretická část této práce je tak věnována různým přístupům pro syntézu TiO2 nanotrubiček, jejich modifikacím a aplikacím v biomedicíně. Experimentální část pak pojednává o nanotrubičkách oxidu titaničitého, které jsou připraveny z titanu metodou jednokrokové anodické oxidace v organickém elektrolytu. Jako výchozí materiály jsou používány křemíkové disky s naprášenou vrstvou titanu a titanové folie. Zprvu amorfní nanotrubičky jsou žíháním převedeny na svou krystalickou podobu, a následně modifikovány selenovými a stříbrnými nanočásticemi. Připravené struktury jsou zkoumány z hlediska povrchových vlastností a biologických interakcí s vybranými tkáňovými kulturami (MG-63, NIH-3T3) a bakteriemi (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus). V závěru experimentální práce jsou stručně porovnány výsledky selenových a stříbrných nanočástic. Hlavním cílem této práce je rozšířit znalosti týkající se bio-rozhraní tvořeným adherentními buněčnými liniemi, bakteriálními buňkami a nanostrukturovaným povrchem tvořeným TiO2 nanotrubičkami dekorovanými selenovými a stříbrnými nanočásticemi.
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Fabrication and characterisation of silver decorated TiO2 nanotubes for biomedical applications
Bílek, Ondřej ; Horynová, Miroslava (referee) ; Fohlerová, Zdenka (advisor)
This diploma thesis summarizes knowledge from the fields of synthesis, characterization and application of titanium dioxide nanotubes and its combination with silver nanoparticles for biomedical purposes. Basic protocols of working with cell cultures and bacteria are also included. Experimental part of this diploma thesis focuses mainly on the synthesis of tubular structures made of titanium dioxide via anodic oxidation of 500nm titanium layer and their subsequent decoration with silver by electrodeposition. Last section of the experimental part is devoted to testing of antibacterial properties of the new material and examining the effect of different silver concentrations on the adhesion of MG-63 cells. All results are compared to reference samples consisting of titanium dioxide nanotubes without silver.
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Characterization and application of some plant antimicrobial substances
Bendová, Agáta ; Bokrová, Jitka (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis was the study of antioxidant and antibacterial effects of natural plant extracts and liposomes. The theoretical part was focused on description of natural antimicrobial and antioxidant substances from selected herbs and spices. Also bacterial resistance and methods used in work were described. In the experimental part basic characteristics of extracts from 12 kinds of herbs and spices (oil, alcohol and aqueous) were analyzed. Mainly content of polyphenols, flavonoids and the total antioxidant activity were determined. All extracts were also encapsulated into liposomes and the encapsulation effectivity, long-term stability and size and stability of liposomes were determined. The size of prepared liposomes was in range of 100 nm to 200 nm. Stability of the liposome particles was measured using a zeta potential and all prepared particles exhibited very good stability, but in term of long term stability were liposomes relatively unstable. Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive Micrococcus luteus and Gram-negative Serratia marcescens. Encapsulation of extracts into liposome particles has greatly increased their antimicrobial effect and liposomes containing oil extracts from the goat, nutmeg and pepper and liposomes containing alcoholic extracts from star anise and cloves were the most effective against both strains. The prepared liposomes could be used as alternative to antibiotics and could be found application in the form of various antimicrobial gels for the cosmetic or pharmaceutical industry.
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Uses of active compounds from honey in cosmetic products
Balášová, Patricie ; Langová, Denisa (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
The bachelor thesis was focused on the preparation and characterization of extracts and liposomes with active substances from chosen types of honey with the aim to apply these extracts to the cosmetic products. The extraction of active substances from chosen material was optimized during the work. As the most suitable organic solvent for extraction was chosen diethyl ether. All the extracts were tested on the content of total polyphenols, sugars and antioxidation activity. The final samples were also tested on the content of flavonoids. Extracts were encapsulated to the liposomes, which were tested especially for their antioxidation activity, size and stability. Then, extracts and liposome particles were applied to the cosmetic products. Cosmetic creams and gels were prepared and tested for antioxidation activity and antimicrobial activity against the strains Serattia marcescens and Micrococcus luteus. Antimicrobial activity of gels was proved especially against the strain of grampositive bacterias – Micrococcus luteus. From this point of view another one testing strain was chosen – Propionibacterium acnes. Finally, the chosen liposomes were tested for their contact with human cells, immortalized keratinocytes HaCat. No cytotoxic effect was observed and tested materials can be applied to cosmetics against acne.
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Isolation, characterization and application of active components of prickly pear and aloe vera
Kocúrová, Petra ; Vysoká, Marie (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis was the study of antioxidant and antibacterial effect of natural plant extracts, specifically from pulp and peel of leaf of Aloe vera and Opuntia ficus–indica. Liposomes with encapsulated active compounds were prepared and their use in food and cosmetics industry was analyzed. The theoretical part was focused on botanical with and phytochemical description of natural plant and their use in nutrition and medical practice. Also encapsulation and methods used to analyze encapsulated substances were described. In the experimental part basic characteristics of extracts from two kinds of plantusing ethanol as a solvent in its different concentration (0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 80 %) were analyzed. Mainly totalcontent of phenolics, flavonoids and total antioxidant activity were determined. Selected extracts were also encapsulated into liposomes and the encapsulation efficienty, size, stability and long–term stability of liposomes were determined. Antibacterial activity was tested against Grampositive Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes and Gramnegative Serratia marcescems a Escherichia coli. Moreover, antibacterial acvivity against yeast Candida glabrata was tested. Finally, 2 ethanol extracts of plant samples were tested in terms of cytotoxicity by using cell line Caco–2 and profile of selected phenolic compounds ere determined in the selected extract samples by using high performance liqiud chromatography. 20% ethanol solution was chosen as the most efficient extract solvent which contained the highest concentration of total phenolic content and concurrently all tested extracts showed antioxidant activity. However, there was minimal or none antibacterial effect. Prepared liposomes from extracts were stable. Also product for cosmetics and food industry was designed, specifically healing gel with moisturizing effect and paste made of liposomes as food supplement for athletes.
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Účinnost vybraných silic při ochraně bramboru vůči bakterii Pectobacterium atrosepticum
Mokrá, Kristýna
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the effect of the active substances of essential oils (thyme, oregano, rosemary, natural thymol, synthetic thymol, carvacrol, menthon, cinnamon) against the Gram-negative bacterium Pectobacterium atrosepticum. The efficacy of essential oils was determined under laboratory conditions using the disk diffusion method, the values of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. Also, a pathogenicity test was performed on potato tubers with selected essential oils (thyme, thymol natural, and cinnamon). The components natural thymol, synthetic thymol, and the essential oil of cinnamon showed the best results, while menthone and carvacrol showed poor effects against the tested bacteria.
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The influence of modified TiO2 nanotubes on biointerfacial interaction
Bílek, Ondřej ; Kočí,, Kamila (referee) ; Hlaváček,, Antonín (referee) ; Fohlerová, Zdenka (advisor)
Nanotrubičky oxidu titaničitého v průběhu posledních let nabyly na významu v poli biomedicíny. Jakožto biokompatibilní nanostrukturovaný povrch nachází potenciál pro své uplatnění především v oblasti implantačních aplikací. Teoretická část této práce je tak věnována různým přístupům pro syntézu TiO2 nanotrubiček, jejich modifikacím a aplikacím v biomedicíně. Experimentální část pak pojednává o nanotrubičkách oxidu titaničitého, které jsou připraveny z titanu metodou jednokrokové anodické oxidace v organickém elektrolytu. Jako výchozí materiály jsou používány křemíkové disky s naprášenou vrstvou titanu a titanové folie. Zprvu amorfní nanotrubičky jsou žíháním převedeny na svou krystalickou podobu, a následně modifikovány selenovými a stříbrnými nanočásticemi. Připravené struktury jsou zkoumány z hlediska povrchových vlastností a biologických interakcí s vybranými tkáňovými kulturami (MG-63, NIH-3T3) a bakteriemi (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus). V závěru experimentální práce jsou stručně porovnány výsledky selenových a stříbrných nanočástic. Hlavním cílem této práce je rozšířit znalosti týkající se bio-rozhraní tvořeným adherentními buněčnými liniemi, bakteriálními buňkami a nanostrukturovaným povrchem tvořeným TiO2 nanotrubičkami dekorovanými selenovými a stříbrnými nanočásticemi.
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Isolation, characterization and application of active components of prickly pear and aloe vera
Kocúrová, Petra ; Vysoká, Marie (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis was the study of antioxidant and antibacterial effect of natural plant extracts, specifically from pulp and peel of leaf of Aloe vera and Opuntia ficus–indica. Liposomes with encapsulated active compounds were prepared and their use in food and cosmetics industry was analyzed. The theoretical part was focused on botanical with and phytochemical description of natural plant and their use in nutrition and medical practice. Also encapsulation and methods used to analyze encapsulated substances were described. In the experimental part basic characteristics of extracts from two kinds of plantusing ethanol as a solvent in its different concentration (0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 80 %) were analyzed. Mainly totalcontent of phenolics, flavonoids and total antioxidant activity were determined. Selected extracts were also encapsulated into liposomes and the encapsulation efficienty, size, stability and long–term stability of liposomes were determined. Antibacterial activity was tested against Grampositive Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes and Gramnegative Serratia marcescems a Escherichia coli. Moreover, antibacterial acvivity against yeast Candida glabrata was tested. Finally, 2 ethanol extracts of plant samples were tested in terms of cytotoxicity by using cell line Caco–2 and profile of selected phenolic compounds ere determined in the selected extract samples by using high performance liqiud chromatography. 20% ethanol solution was chosen as the most efficient extract solvent which contained the highest concentration of total phenolic content and concurrently all tested extracts showed antioxidant activity. However, there was minimal or none antibacterial effect. Prepared liposomes from extracts were stable. Also product for cosmetics and food industry was designed, specifically healing gel with moisturizing effect and paste made of liposomes as food supplement for athletes.
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Preparation and characterization of fibrous non-woven textile decorated by silver nanoparticles for water filtration
Peer, Petra ; Polášková, M. ; Mosnáček, J. ; Sedlařiková, J. ; Masař, M.
The environmentally friendly preparation of silver nanoparticles was proposed for the production of antibacterial non-woven textile used in water filtration. The silver nanoparticles were prepared by chemical reduction of silver nitrate using two environmentally friendly reducing agents, such as fructose or ascorbic acid. For comparison also commonly used reducing agent-sodium borohydride was used. The silver nanoparticles in various size and yield were produced by immersion of the plasma pre-treated polypropylene (PP) nonwoven textile in the colloidal solutions for different periods (35, 45 and 135 min). The morphology of the silver nanoparticles was characterized by SEM and EDX analysis. Additionally, the antibacterial activity of the silver decorated PP non-woven textile was evaluated by an agar diffusion test using both Gram-positive Staphylococcus Aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli. The results suggest that the type of the reducing agent has major effect both on the morphology of silver nanoparticles and the antibacterial activity.
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