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Treatment of Flue Gas from Waste Incineration by Sodium and Calcium Based Sorbents.
Zach, Boleslav ; Pohořelý, Michael ; Šyc, Michal ; Svoboda, Karel ; Punčochář, Miroslav
This paper is focused on properties of sodium and calcium based sorbents in relation to simultaneous dry flue gas treatment from SO2, HCl, NOx, solid particles, and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F). The most important differences between the two sorbent types are: the effect of temperature and moisture of flue gas on the sorption process, reactivity towards individual acid components in the flue gas (thermodynamic equilibrium and kinetics), and solubility of air pollution control residues.
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Characterization of Bottom Ash from Waste-to-Energy Plants.
Krausová, Aneta ; Šyc, Michal ; Pavlas, M. ; Šomplák, R. ; Kameníková, Petra
Struska ze spaloven komunálních odpadů obsahuje řadu cenných materiálů, zejména železné a neželezné kovy, které mohou být využity jako druhotná surovina. Minerální zbytek, po vytěžení cenných složek, je dále vhodné využít jako náhradu přírodních surovin ve stavebním průmyslu. V České republice je linka pro získávání neželezných kovů instalována na spalovně SAKO Brno, ostatní dvě spalovny separují pouze železný šrot. Pro posouzení využitelnosti a při rozhodovávání o aplikaci vhodné technologie pro úpravu strusky je nezbytná znalost jejích fyzikálních vlastností a materiálového složení, které je značně variabilní a závislé na složení spalovaného odpadu. Analýzou strusky z českých spaloven bylo stanoveno následující materiálové složení: 10–24 % sklo, 2–4 % keramika a porcelán, 12–17 % magnetická frakce, 1,1–4,5 železný šrot, 1,3 a 2,4 % neželezné kovy, 40–70 % reziduální frakce s částicemi pod 2 mm. Obsahy jednotlivých složek byly studovány s ohledem na granulometrii. Dále byly sledovány změny složení v závislosti na charakteru svozové oblasti spaloven a na základě získaných výsledků byl nastíněn ekonomický potenciál získávání kovů.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_22316060713500 - PDF
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Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Possibilities in Microregion
Ucekaj, Vladimír ; Ochodek, Tadeáš (referee) ; Klemeš,, Jiri (referee) ; Bébar, Ladislav (advisor)
n accordance with Council Directive 1999/31/EC implemented by Regulation number 294/2005 Sb., Czech Republic has agreed to reduce landfilling of biodegradable material contained in mixed municipal waste (BDMW) by 50 % in comparison with 1995 starting January 1, 2013. This causes several problems to municipalities as the issue of mixed municipal waste (MMW) treatment is not handled at any level of state administration. PhD thesis tackles the question which level of state administration - national, regional, or microregional or municipal - should be responsible for waste treatment and whether it is economical and efficient, or not.
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Regional energetic waste exploitation
Krňávek, Martin ; Putna, Ondřej (referee) ; Bébar, Ladislav (advisor)
The master’s thesis deals with technologies for energy utilisation of waste with annual treatment capacity approximately from 10 to 50 kt/year and their application in regions of the Czech Republic. In the first part of the thesis the results of heat consumption analysis in seven regions of the CR are introduced while in two selected regions a production of waste was analyzed too. The main part deals with the design of technological solution of waste-to-energy plant with medium capacity and its integration to specific conditions of the two selected regions. Alternatives of combined heat supply were assessed from waste-to-energy plant as well. A basic economic analysis that contains the estimates of incomes and capital expenditures and operating expense is a part of this thesis too.
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Waste management system sustainability
Bravený, Adam ; Touš, Michal (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
The thesis proposes a new approach to assess sustainability of waste management systems. In the first part current mixed municipal waste (MSW) management system of the Czech republic is reviewed and promising MSW treatment techniques are introduced. In the second part a summary of literature on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach to assess sustainability of MSW systems is provided. A new sustainability assessment model is proposed by implementing LCA to a current tool called NERUDA used to optimize waste management costing. It is demonstrated how to connect these two concepts in order to aquire a powerful tool for sustainability assessment.
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Analysis of operation data for purposes of optimization
Slavíček, Martin ; Pavlas, Martin (referee) ; Touš, Michal (advisor)
This thesis deals with analysis of operation data for purposes of optimization. The thesis is divided into four chapters. First chapter focuses on present and future development in waste management legislation. It mainly deals with prevention, recycling and disposal of waste. Second chapter more closely describes waste-to-energy process. This chapter also describes the technology of municipal waste incinerator in Liberec, Termizo, a.s. Third chapter starts with description of tools used in design of the models based on operation data. Then the models for individual technological nodes are described. The last part is focused on building a complex model of Termizo using previous results.
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Recovery of Energy from Municipal Wastes
Šíma, Kamil ; Bébar, Ladislav (referee) ; Jícha, Jaroslav (advisor)
The topic of the diplome thesis is draft of the waste-to-energy plant for municipal waste with cogeneration of heat. Basic specification of project: Waste-to-Energy plant is facilitated by two rotary kilns of type operating in parallel. Further flue gas leaving the post-combustor enters a multicyclone unit to separate substatial portion of fly-ash. Heat of flue gas at the temperature of 1000°C generates superheated steam in a Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG). Dry sorption process is appllied for flue gas treatment. Specifically sodium bi-carbonate is used for it. Products of reactions and remnants of dust are separated by a baghouse. Superheated steam, generated by two HRSG, presents the inlet stream of a condensing steam turbine with steam extraction. The diploma thesis contains calculation of major devices and basic economical and financial statement of project.
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