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Study of rehabilitation of selected part of sewer network
Dvořák, Pavel ; Helcelet, Marek (referee) ; Raclavský, Jaroslav (advisor)
The topic of this thesis is to create a study of the rehabilitation of the sewer network. The sewer system under assessment is located in city Znojmo, specifically Znojmo – city. In this case, rehabilitation is proposed in order to improve the functional operational properties of the sewer network and extend its service life. The work was divided into two basic parts, namely the Accompanying and Summary Technical Report. Three variants of solution were proposed. The first two variants are made as trenchless using a sanitation sleeve in the first one and a short sanitation sleeve in combination with a sanitation sleeve in the second. The third variant is made as an open excavation recovery. A description of the rehabilitation technology was carried out and the facts that each individual Option or what the three Option would bring up were defined. These three variants of the solution are assessed in terms of economic, technical and environmental impact.
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Analysis of glutenin fraction in winter wheat cultivated in ambient and elevated carbon dioxide concentrations
Čileková, Marta ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
Increasing carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere has influence on plant’s photosynthesis and its metabolits. This bachelor thesis is focused on analysis of glutenin fraction in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) var. Bohemia grown in ambient (AC) and elevated (EC; 700 mol.mol-1) carbon dioxide concentrations. Plants were cultivated in conditions with nitrogen fertilization (N+; 200 kg.ha-1) and without fertilization (N), in presence of UV-B radiation (UV+) and absence of UV-B radiation (UV), at drought (DRY) and with ambient irrigation (WET). Grain was harvested at 2014. The glutenin proteins were extracted from flour by isopropanol and DTT then separated by SDSPAGE and quantified by computer densitometry. Elevated carbon dioxide concentration decreased glutenin concentration in variant UV+ otherwise differences between AC and EC variants were nonsignificant. The nitrogen fertilization markedly increased glutenin content. Higher concentrations of glutenins were found in variants UV– WET and UV+ DRY. The highest concentrations of glutenins were found in conditions with presence of UV radiation, drought and nitrogen fertilization.
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Determination durability of modular panel elements in different exposures
Škvařil, Michael ; Žák, Antonín (referee) ; Vaněrek, Jan (advisor)
Within the theoretical part of the diploma thesis, a list of the main types of accelerated tests designed for the resistance of metal and polymer surface finishes. In the experimental part of diploma thesis, the rate of biological resistance of wood-based board materials is evaluated. Furthermore, the resistance of coating systems is assessed by means of accelerated tests. Resistance of modular building shells is primarily focused on degradation of coatings applied primarily on metal materials and wood materials. The tested coating systems analyze the influence of the materials and chemical base on the final weather resistance.
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New gel electrolytes
Sumka, Martin ; Jahn, Michal (referee) ; Sedlaříková, Marie (advisor)
This master´s thesis deals with the properties of gel polymer electrolytes, brief characteristics of other types of electrolytes and materials that are used for preparing polymer electrolytes. The thesis explains the use of the gel electrolytes in practice, the current conduction in the electrolytes and the properties of ionic liquids, and flame retardants. This thesis also focuses on methods of measurement of mechanical properties of gel polymer electrolytes. The practical part is focused on preparation of methacrylate gel electrolytes and their modifications with the use of flame retardant - triethyl phosphate (TEP) and ionic liquid - 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Emim TFSI). In this part there are evaluations of their potential funcionality (potential window) and specific conductance conductivity using the method LSV (linear sweep voltammetry) and impedance spectroscopy. The practical part also includes a thermal analysis of selected samples by TGA, DTA and EGA methods.
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UV dosimeter for safer sunbath
Hinca, Sven Barbara ; Králová, Marcela (referee) ; Veselý, Michal (advisor)
V dnešní době je veřejnost konstantně vystavená slunečímu světlu a tím také UV záření. Protože UV radiace je prokázaným karcinogenem a kvůli rapidnímu zmenšování ozonové vrstvy v nedávné minulosti, monitorování osobního vystavení UV záření, a povědomí o riskantnosti ozáření vyššího než je bezpečná dávka, je důležitější než kdykoliv předtím. Tato práce je zaměřená na vývoj a zjednodušení osobní UV dozimetrie pro použití veřejností tak, aby každý uměl vyhodnotit riskantnost delšího vystavení UV radiaci.
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Study of UV-generated fluorescent zinc complexes by fluorescence spectroscopy
Havlíková, Martina ; Vaculovičová, Markéta (referee) ; Mravec, Filip (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the study of UV light-generated zinc complexes with cadmium and organic molecules SAM, SAH, CYS, HCYS and GSSG, specifically at 375 nm. Furthemore, the aim of the work is to characterize the precursors spectrally and temporally before and after irradiation in the transilluminator at 250 nm. Study of genesis these complexes was performed by FLIM. Thanks to this method, it was found that the formation of complexes occurs only with Zn:SAH, Zn:GSSG and Zn:Cd. The formation of complexes is influenced by the method of preparation. The spectral characteristic was performed on a fluorimeter where the increase in fluorescence intensity of the irradiated solution with the precursors was expected. These were turbid solutions where sedimentation of the particles was observed and the intensity of fluorescence was changed. In the Zn:SAM and Zn:CYS sample, the sedimentation increased in intensity, while in Zn:SAH and Zn:HCYS decreased. The Zn:Cd precursor solution was clear and there was no change in intensity. Zn:Cd showed the best spectral properties, while the Zn:SAM sample, whose excitation and emission maxima are very close to each other, appeared to be the worst. A sample with Zn:CYS and Zn:HCYS showed almost the same spectra and respective peak results. Based on lifetime characteristics by TCSPC, the sample with Zn:CYS, Zn:HCYS and Zn:GSSG, which showed 3 lifetimes, was best treated. Lifetime could not be unambiguously determined for SAM and SAH samples. Zn:Cd had 4 lifetimes
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Temperature and humidity measuring station for Ionmeter
Kadaňka, Karel ; Roubal, Zdeněk (referee) ; Szabó, Zoltán (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis describes the design of meteorological station of Ionmeter. Meteorological station is controlled by the Arduino platform, which evaluates the measured data and sends them wireless into the initial concept of Ionmeter. In the first part, the particular measured variables (temperature, humidity, pressure, carbon dioxide concentration, UV radiation and amount of dust particles) are described. It also describes the brief principle of the formation of air ions and their influence of the human organism. The following chapters are dedicated to the description of each component, the description of the weather station program and the initial concept of Ionmeter. The last chapter describes the construction of the meteorological station itself.
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Metabolic and biophysical characterization of bacterial cells capable of PHA accumulation
Slaninová, Eva ; Lehocký, Marián (referee) ; Doškař, Jiří (referee) ; Chodak, Ivan (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
This thesis deals with the characterization of bacterial cells capable of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) accumulation. The dissertation thesis is written in the form of a discussed published publications which are attached to the thesis as appendixes. The work develops a study of the current topic of the protective functions of PHA and clarifies protective mechanisms against selected stressors. Firstly, we focused on the protective effects of PHA granules against UV radiation and osmotic stress, specifically hypotonic conditions. In the case of UV exposition, the cells protected themselves by scattering UV radiation on the intracellular granules protecting especially nucleoid. When exposed to osmotic stress, the amorphous state of PHA granules is very important since it is capable of stabilization of cell membranes under hypertonic stress, afterwards, bacterial cells can maintain their integrity during the subsequent hypotonic challenge. In general, the amorphous state of PHA granules is key to ensure the proper biological functions of PHA whether as storage or protective polymer. Therefore, in the next part of this work, we focused on the core of the stabilization mechanism that protects native PHA granules from crystallization and thus the intracellular polymer maintains in a thermodynamically unfavorable amorphous phase state. Based on experimental work, we applied selected stresses because we proposed a new model of stabilization of the amorphous state of PHA granules in vivo. It consists of two mechanisms, where small volumes of PHA granules reduce the rates of crystallization and at the same time the water present in the granules plays the role of a low molecular plasticizer. Due to the metabolic apparatus of bacterial cells, PHA are simultaneously synthesized and degraded which leads to an increment of intracellular concentration of monomers that also figure in the protective effect of PHA. In this context, we aimed at the description of the mechanism of cryoprotective effects of 3-hydroxybutyrate, the monomer of the most common of PHA, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). Hence, we constructed an equilibrium and non-equilibrium phase diagram of the 3HB-water system to prove that 3HB is a very effective cryoprotectant. This fundamental understanding of the protective properties of PHA monomers could be also used in the food industry or cryopreservation of biological samples.
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Analysis of the life service of PVC roofing foils
Rosecký, Pavel ; Žák,, Antonín (referee) ; Žižková, Nikol (advisor)
Roofing foils are known for several years as building material for roof hydro insulation but their life service is not yet fully known. This thesis is focused on problematics of life service of roofing foils. In theoretical part there is discribed structure of foils and impacts which assist degradation processes. Practical part modifies the methodology artificial aging which is simulated in QUV tester and Q-SUN XE3 tester lumber-rooms. The thesis is trying reach with the results to natural aging as close as possible. The testing captures attributes which are more prone to degradation.
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Assessment of the drinking water treatment plant effectiveness via ecotoxicological tests and screening analyses
Nývltová, Barbora ; Mravcová, Ludmila (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
The quality of raw water is deteriorating with the continuous increase in environmental pollution. Raw water is being modified to drinking water by technological processes, and it is therefore necessary to put increased demands on the efficiency of these technological processes and their possible innovation. Due to the fact that raw water is contaminated with different types of pollutants, it is necessary to continuously control the drinking water supplied to the public distribution network in order to ensure its quality. Drinking water treatment is still unable to treat the raw water perfectly, its pollution is only reduced to acceptable standards. For this reason, it is indispensable that the quality of drinking water is being checked regularly and at the same time the efficiency of individual technological processes of drinking water treatment is assessed. This includes screening analysis or eventually ecotoxicological tests. The thesis focuses on the efficiency of technological processes of drinking water treatment. Within the experimental part, samples of raw water and samples of water after each separation stage have been collected at the drinking water treatment plant in the Czech Republic. These samples have been subjected to ecotoxicological tests and screening analysis. Based on the ecotoxicological tests carried out on Thamnocephalus platyurus, Lemna minor and Vibrio fischeri, we can assume the emergence of harmful chlorinated by-products, resulting to nearly 100% mortality in T. platyurus. The results of the screening analysis carried out indicate, after the extraction of specimens by the SPE method using HPLC/MS, that the most effective method for the removal of hormonal substances is ozonization.
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