|
|
Impact of hereditary thrombophilia and acquired thrombophilia on incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism.
Ulrych, Jan ; Kvasnička, Jan (advisor) ; Penka, Miroslav (referee) ; Lindner, Jaroslav (referee)
In Introduction, the author of this dissertation deals with postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE), hereditary and acquired risk factors, prophylaxis regimens and recent recommendation of VTE prevention in surgery. In Practical part of this work the author assesses the risk of VTE in surgical patients according to risk assessment model. Genetic testing is carried out in all patients to determine the incidence of hereditary thrombophilia and coagulation markers are measured in 28-days postoperative period. Prevalence of VTE in 1-year postoperative period is observed. The results are analysed in group of patients with benign disease (hernia and gallstone disease) and group of patients with malignancy (colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer) separately. The objective of this work is to determine the incidence of the most frequent thrombophilic mutations (factor V Leiden mutation and protrombin G20210A mutation) and assess the impact of hereditary thrombophilia on incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism in general surgery. Validation of venous thrombosis risk assessment model recommended by Czech Society for Thrombosis and Hemostasis is further objective.
|
|
|
Education of patiens with a history of thromboembolic disease
Trejdlová, Renata ; Hošťálková, Monika (advisor) ; Pírková, Vendula (referee)
The topic of this bachelor's thesis is an education of patients who went through the tromboebolic disease. The thesis is constructed of the theoretical and empirical parts. The theoretical part is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter includes the ethiology of origin of the tromboebolic disease, its diagnosis, the risk factors, the curing and varieties of prevention from the tromboebolic disease. The second chapter is dedicated to prevention of the disease that patient has already went through, also to its methods and technicques in the curing industry. In the third chapter is listed the summary of the education, the preparations and methods of the appropriate educational process. The empirical part of this bachelor's thesis is intended to the assess of the quantitative exploratory investigation by using the questionnaire technique of collecting files. The explorational investigation was going on in the hospital of Brandýs nad Labem, on the standard internal department, the intensive care unit and internal ambulations. We used those patients, who were confirmed with suspicion of having TEN, or their diagnosis was TEN. The goal of the questionnaire exploration was to chart the knowledge of respondents about the disease, also to find out if the respondents know all of the critical...
|
|
| |
|
|
Risk of Thromboembolic Disease in Women
Luksová, Veronika ; Sojková, Monika (advisor) ; Kocík, Miroslav (referee)
In the theoretical part of my thesis I define the illness, venous thromboembolic disease. The theoretical principles are used to determine the risks of the disease onset in women, primarily focused on the risk related to the hormonal contraception usage and the hormone replacement therapy. Attention is paid to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of the DVT as well. In the following chapters the readers will be apprised with the treatment procedures, primarily from the nursing care perspective. The theoretical part of the thesis will be concluded with the casuistry of patient who suffers the thromboembolic disease and who was in my personal nursing care. The empirical part of my thesis is aimed on the qualitative and related quantitative research, which will be carry out by the help of the questionnaire. The questionnaire is based on the outcoume of the data analysis (casuistry) gained at the Clinic of Cardiology, FN Motol. The questionnaire is distributed and determined for wide group of women from non-medical environment (layman). The results of my research are giving the respons on the thesis's goals and hypotheses. The maion goal of my thesis is to define the women awareness of thromboembolic disease risks, in connection with the hormonal contraception usage and the hormone replacement...
|
|
|
Pulmonary embolism in the practice of paramedic
KAHOUNOVÁ, Šárka
The bachelor thesis discusses the issue of states of dyspnoea, specifically pulmonary embolism from the perspective of a paramedic working in the area of pre-hospital emergency care. In the theoretical part, a brief characteristic of pre-hospital emergency care is given, the paramedic branch is briefly defined and further on, the basic anatomy and the physiology of the circulatory and respiratory systems is given. Dyspnoea is defined from a general perspective, its causes, diagnosis and risk factors are mentioned. Diagnostically and therapeutically, the thesis is focused on specific characteristics of dyspnoea within pulmonary embolism, including the main causes of their origin. The research part of the thesis was implemented based on semi-structured, anonymously processed interviews. The research file was made of randomly chosen paramedics of the Ambulance in South Bohemia and Central Bohemia. The analysis of the obtained data was focused on the awareness of the paramedics themselves concerning the given issue of dyspnoea, including the presentation of their perspective on the implementation of professional preparation in the dyspnoea issue from their employer´s side. Further on, the procedures of differential diagnosis and pulmonary embolism treatment in pre-hospital emergency care were evaluated. The implemented research has found out that the paramedics from South Bohemia are not sufficiently educated in the issue of dyspnoea, including pulmonary embolism. The paramedics from Central Bohemia are, compared to that, educated by the relevant educational and training centre, educated enough concerning states of dyspnoea. Based on the findings, the thesis results might be presented to the educational and training centre of the South-Bohemian and Central-Bohemian Ambulances to perhaps consider the future aiming of educational and training programmes concerning dyspnoea issues, including the specific aiming at the awareness about pulmonary embolism diagnosis and therapy.
|
|
|
Hyperkoagulační stavy v graviditě, vliv nízkomolekulárního heparinu
KABELOVÁ, Kristýna
Hypercoagulable states cause thromboembolic disease which includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. It's one of the most common cardiovascular diseases. It ocurrs due to genetic and acquired factors. Congenital factors include coagulation inhibitor deficiency, prothrombin gene mutation, activated protein C resistence etc. Acquired factors include use of oral contraceptives, imobility, pregnancy etc. The analytic part of the thesis is focused on level of D-dimer of pregnant women depending on congenital hypercoagulable states and anticoagulant therapy. These women were patient of Clinical hematology clinic in the České Budějovice hospital a.s. in 2016.
|
|
|
Problems of Application of Low Molecular Weight Heparins
Vrbenská, Soňa ; Pavlíková, Pavla (advisor) ; Schützner, Jan (referee)
Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) belong to standard drugs for prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease. The use of LMWHs is clearly indicated in surgical disciplines. The nurse is responsible for proper technique and site of LMWHs administration. The author brings an overview of current knowledge in the field of LMWHs. Indications, contra-indications, dosing schemes and methods of administration are described in the theoretical section of the work. The aim of the empirical part of the work was to find out and to compare knowledge of LMWHs use in surgical nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs) and in standard wards (SWs). The acquisition of the data was based on questionnaire survay. One hundred nurses working in selected surgical departments in General Faculty Hospital in Prague during 4/2011-5/2011 period consituted experimental group, namely fifty ICUs nurses and fifty SWs nurses. The author found out that ICUs nurses have 3.79% better theoretical knowledge than SWs nurses. Furthermore, significant differences in knowledge in individual nurses were found out. Self-evaluation of nurses was incorrect in 52% of cases. Less than 25% of nurses knew proper site and method of administration of LMWHs. Keywords: low-molecular-weight heparins - thromboembolic disease - dosing -...
|
|
|
Patients' awareness of prevention of Venous Thromboembolism
Buriánková, Hana ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Marie (referee)
Bachelor thesis 'Patients' awareness of Venous Thromboembolism prevention' focuses on one of the many major issues of general medicine, which may eventually take terminal course for the ill. As Venous Thromboembolism (further as TEN) is mostly a threat to patients after surgical intervention and the risk of its occurrence may be significantly mitigated through sound prevention, the aim of this bachelor thesis is to find out whether patients are duly acquainted with this disease and its prevention, enabling them to eliminate the associated risk. This thesis further investigates whether the patients are informed no later than before the surgery, who provides them with this information and it examines the level of overall nursing prevention. The research was performed on the basis of questionnaires filled in by patients of selected surgical departments in the Motol University Hospital.
|
|
|
Thrombophile gene mutations and their health social complications
ŠTORKOVÁ, Marie
The objective of this thesis was to describe trombophilic gene mutations from the health and social viewpoint and to find out if these innate trombophilias may also cause psychosocial complications. The thesis consists of two sections: The theoretical section deals with the genetic nature of trombophilic gene mutations, their health and social complications. Practical information for life with trombophilias is also given. The practical section of the thesis was carried out by means of quantitative research, using the technique of anonymous questionnaires. The questionnaire consisted of 24 questions. 3 questions were stratificational. 21 questions were related to the issue concerned {--} trombophilic gene mutation complications, 7 questions of which were focused on health complications, 6 on psychosocial complications and 8 questions were aimed at finding the respondents´ awareness on their diagnosis and sources of information. The questions number 8 {--} 15 were addressed only to women. The chosen set of respondents were persons addressed through web servers Baby-café.cz and Doktorka.cz (97%) and clients of the Association of Samaritans of the Czech Republic Rescue Service Prague {--} west (3%). The total number of respondents was 86 (100%), 77 of whom were women (90%) and 9 (10%) men. The questionnaires were evaluated and the data were turned into graphs. The hypothesis saying: ``Trombophilic gene mutation complications are not only connected with physical health, but they are also psychosocial{\crqq} was confirmed according to the research results. The results show the need of better awareness and point out to the importance of possible complications prevention. The informative website made up on the basis of this research - http://www.trombofilie.estranky.cz/ - should contribute to better awareness and prevention of innate trombophilias complications.
|
|
|
Thromboebolic disease and it`s possible connection with hormonal contraception
MATOUŠOVÁ, Linda
Thromboembolic disease is an illness which is caused by an imbalance of blood coagulation and the fibrinolytic system, which can lead to a form of thrombus that can cause a pulmonary embolism. This is evoked by inherited or acquired conditions. Hormonal oral contraception is one of the acquired conditions which pose a significant risk factor with regard to the formation of deep vein thrombosis in women aged 15-45. The use of oral contraception in the population has been monitored, the connection between use of this kind of contraception and thromboembolic disease has been surveyed, the way the women were examined has been proved and the knowledge of the women concerning oral contraception and its negative health effects has been monitored too. An appropriate procedure for the examination of women before the prescription of oral contraception has been defined.
|
guest ::
