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Legitimising the Launch of Humanitarian Intervention - A Case Study of US Politics Towards the Phenomenon of Humanitarian Intervention
Šabatová, Kateřina ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Suchanová, Angelika (referee)
This thesis examines the phenomenon of humanitarian intervention in the context of its process of legitimizing the initiation. Specifically, it focuses on the relationship of U.S. domestic politics to the legitimation of the initiation of humanitarian intervention abroad. Using three case studies of the launch of humanitarian intervention from the Middle East region, it aims to explain and answer the question of how U.S. politics influences American society's perception of the justification for the launch of humanitarian intervention abroad. The case studies analyzed are the 1958 U.S. intervention in Lebanon, the 1991 intervention in Iraq, and the unlike intervention in Syria. The Middle East cases are chosen because of the prevailing threat to civilians in the region, which has the potential to spread to other countries. Using the three approaches of humanitarianism, realpolitik, and mixed motives, it then with the use of discourse analysis evaluates the arguments and approaches of U.S. policymakers in the case studies and how they influenced the justification of the humanitarian intervention in question. The thesis puts this in context with the nature of American political culture and US foreign policy towards the Middle East. While the topic of humanitarian intervention has been explored by many...
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Just War Theory and Humanitarian Intervention: Case of Kosovo
Šolc, Martin ; Kučera, Jan (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to assess the NATO military intervention in Kosovo from the spring 1999 in terms of international law and - first of all - the western just war theory. The thesis first focuses on the genesis of just war theory in the political philosophy of european Antiquity, Middle Ages and early Modern Age, which provides better understanding of the meaning of certain conditions which are necessary to fulfill in order to use force legitimately. The thesis further comes to conclusion that humanitarian intervention forms a legitimate part of contemporary just war theory. The theoretical part of thesis ends with definition of necessary and auxiliary just war criteria applicable to humanitarian intervention; there is also described the regulation of the use of force in international law. The thesis then proceeds to proper case study. After the history of conflict is briefly addressed, international law norms and just war criteria are applied to the NATO military intervention. The thesis concludes that the intervention was illegal: the conditions set by the UN Charter were not met nor was there to be found any customary norm which would provide the action of Alliance with a legal basis. On the other hand, the intervention proved to be legitimate in terms of just war theory: all of...
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Jus post bellum - justice after war
Kopečný, Tomáš ; Jirsa, Jakub (advisor) ; Jinek, Jakub (referee)
The just war theory debates the justice of wars. Traditional parts of the theory provides with criteria of justice at war's beginning (jus ad bellum) and during its conduct (jus in bello). Jus post bellum as the latest part governs the area of justice of the decisions after the war is over. This thesis will conceptualize jus post bellum in the whole of the just war theory while outlining its content. One of the main objectives will be a critical evaluation of all the theory's criteria in order to correspond to the nature of current conflicts. The just war theory will be presented here as the art of morally based compromise between resignation to moral judgments and moral elitism that doesn't take reality into account while pressing for absolute ideals. This feature will be especially present at jus post bellum, where judgments of the processes of coming to terms with the past and evaluation of the crimes of wartime take place. The key issue will be to find such a form of a social reconciliation that would not while belittle the victims' suffering while enabling the society to return to normal life.
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Assessment of Drone Strikes as Just Counterterrorism Method
Třeštík, Marek ; Makariusová, Radana (advisor) ; Daniel, Jan (referee)
This thesis focuses on the issue of drone strikes as a means of targeted killing of high value targets suspected of terrorist activities or affiliations. The United States of America has been using this method of elimination since the year 2001 as part of the Global War on Terrorism. However this practice raises a series of moral questions. It creates a new environment of alienation of the target and the person pulling the trigger. This thesis examines the compliance of drone strikes and the Global War on Terrorism as such with the Just War Theory. This theory is the leading concept in warfare ethics and offers a comprehensive research pattern. The finding of this thesis is that the use of drones, as it is employed today, is in conflict with the principles of this theory and therefore unjust. This finding is demonstrated by the research of two concrete drone strikes. Additionally, the Global War on Terrorism is also assessed to be an unjust war and therefore this thesis offers a comprehensive insight into the topic as it assesses both the practice and the overall context of drone strikes.
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Just War Theory and Humanitarian Intervention: Case of Kosovo
Šolc, Martin ; Kučera, Jan (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to assess the NATO military intervention in Kosovo from the spring 1999 in terms of international law and - first of all - the western just war theory. The thesis first focuses on the genesis of just war theory in the political philosophy of european Antiquity, Middle Ages and early Modern Age, which provides better understanding of the meaning of certain conditions which are necessary to fulfill in order to use force legitimately. The thesis further comes to conclusion that humanitarian intervention forms a legitimate part of contemporary just war theory. The theoretical part of thesis ends with definition of necessary and auxiliary just war criteria applicable to humanitarian intervention; there is also described the regulation of the use of force in international law. The thesis then proceeds to proper case study. After the history of conflict is briefly addressed, international law norms and just war criteria are applied to the NATO military intervention. The thesis concludes that the intervention was illegal: the conditions set by the UN Charter were not met nor was there to be found any customary norm which would provide the action of Alliance with a legal basis. On the other hand, the intervention proved to be legitimate in terms of just war theory: all of...
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Jus post bellum - justice after war
Kopečný, Tomáš ; Jirsa, Jakub (advisor) ; Jinek, Jakub (referee)
The just war theory debates the justice of wars. Traditional parts of the theory provides with criteria of justice at war's beginning (jus ad bellum) and during its conduct (jus in bello). Jus post bellum as the latest part governs the area of justice of the decisions after the war is over. This thesis will conceptualize jus post bellum in the whole of the just war theory while outlining its content. One of the main objectives will be a critical evaluation of all the theory's criteria in order to correspond to the nature of current conflicts. The just war theory will be presented here as the art of morally based compromise between resignation to moral judgments and moral elitism that doesn't take reality into account while pressing for absolute ideals. This feature will be especially present at jus post bellum, where judgments of the processes of coming to terms with the past and evaluation of the crimes of wartime take place. The key issue will be to find such a form of a social reconciliation that would not while belittle the victims' suffering while enabling the society to return to normal life.
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War againts terrorism on the background of Just War Theory
Slavíková, Petra ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
The day of September 11, 2001 which was primarily seen like an ordinary day was significantly written into the world's history. The worst terrorist attack of all ages were commited in the United States, nearly 3.000 people were killed during the attacks. American administration in response to the attacks declared the "war on terorr", which was mainly represented by military interventions to Afghanistan 2001 and Iraq 2003. Inseparable part of Bush's foreign policy was National Security Strategy, which is the strategic basis for invasion to Iraq, approved on September 2002. This concept of this analysis is dealing with these three concrete events of american foreign policy which are specified on the background of Just War Theory JWT. Concretely on the basis of category jus ad bellum - right to war. The main aim of this work is to explore compatibility of these missions with the principles of just war and find out whether operations were launched justly according to JWT. National Security Strategy NSS - which is discussable in the current international system with the regard of the controversial concept of preemption - is important part of the research too. Pre-emptive strategy is confronted with the just war theory, primarily in the sence whether it is possible to consider preemption like just cause...
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Clash of civilisations: Intervention against Islamic State from the perpective of Just War Theory
Havranová, Aneta ; Lehmannová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Novotná, Yvona (referee)
The thesis is concerned with an assessment of the intervention against Islamic state. Just War Theory is used for this purpose and its criterions are applied on the case of intervention. The aim of this work is to answer the question if the intervention can be morally justified or not. Theoretical premises are elaborated in the first part especially the Just War Theory. Empirical part portrays the Syrian civil war, the situation in Iraq and the issue of the Islamic state. The intervention is analysed from the perspective of Just War Theory in the last part.
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Ethical Aspects of the Participation Soldiers of the Czech Army in Foreign Operations
ŠPÁNIKOVÁ, Jana
This thesis focuses on the ethical aspects of soldiers of the Army of the Czech republic participating in the foreign operations, not only in relation to the legality and legitimacy of military intervention, but also from the point of view of practical ethical questions of soldiers sent to perform tasks in these operations. The first part of this thesis introduces the Army of the Czech Republic as a tool to ensure national security and national sovereignty, built with emphasis to fulfill military traditions, virtues and professional ethics. Later, in historical and contemporary contexts summarizes the basic ethical solutions for the legitimate use of force to resolve international conflicts. The second part reflects the umanitarian and security operations taking place in the former Yugoslavia, Iraq and Afghanistan as the consequences of massive human rights violations, ethnic violence and global terrorism. In the context of the ethical and Christian dimension of legitimate use of military means, summarizes the basic issues while solving security threats and enforcing national interests.
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