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Temporal changes in the genetic and morphological diversity of silica-scaled chrysomonads (Stramenopiles, Chrysophyceae)
Tučková, Kateřina ; Škaloud, Pavel (advisor) ; Nedbalová, Linda (referee)
Temporal dynamics on short time scales is a very interesting area of research. Usually, temporal studies are done on a scale of months or years. However, microorganisms have a much shorter generation time and therefore changes can take place on a much smaller time scales. At the same time, almost none of the temporal studies go to the species level and mostly stay at the class level. That species dynamics change within days we know from observation, but this has never been properly verified. The genera Mallomonas and Synura from the class Chrysophyceae were chosen to study short-term temporal changes These two genera are characterized by the formation of siliceous scales on the surface of their cells, by which they are well morphologically identifiable to the species level. However, since species identification by microscopy is an old but traditional method, a new molecular method for species identification at the locality, i.e. metabarcoding, was also used. These two methods have been shown similar results for describing the golden algae community. At the same time, it was confirmed that temporal dynamics occur at the species level, but also at the section level in the genus Synura. Subsequently, it was possible to relate the environmental factors that cause temporal changes in the community to...
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Elucidating the evolution and diversity of colonial chrysophytes
Pusztai, Martin ; Škaloud, Pavel (advisor) ; Siver, Peter (referee) ; Gusev, Evgeniy S. (referee)
Our current knowledge of chrysophyte diversity is still generally based on traditional morphospecies descriptions. Accordingly, sequence data exist for the minority of all described species. Consequently, several common morphotypes (e.g. Ochromonas-like flagellate) are scattered across the phylogenetic tree of Chrysophytes. It is evident that the postulated taxonomic diversity certainly does not reflect the real species richness in Chrysophytes. Moreover, recent studies on silica scaled chrysophytes (Mallomonas, Paraphysomonas, Synura) clearly demasked common problematics of (pseudo)cryptic species even within this group possessing relatively good species concept based on the ultrastructure of silica scales and bristles. Contrary, most of chrysophytes are naked flagellates forming stomatocysts as the only solid structure in their life cycles. While single-celled Ochromonas and Spumella were recently revisited using molecular genetic techniques, Uroglena-like colonials remained untreated. Therefore, the main objective of this thesis was to provide a modern taxonomic revision of the widespread colonial chrysophytes causing conspicuous seasonal massive population booms, Synura s.l. and Uroglena s.l., by a polyphasic approach encompassing molecular phylogeny, morphology/ultrastructure and ecology....
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