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The influence of gut microbiome on NAFLD development
Herbstová, Kateřina ; Horáková, Olga (advisor) ; Vodička, Martin (referee)
The composition of the intestinal microbiome (i.e. the set of microorganisms living in the intestines) can significantly contribute to the overall function of the host organism, its state of health and the development of diseases. The aim of this works is to describe the possible connections between the gut microbiome and the development of NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease). NAFLD is a disease caused by excessive storage of fat hepatic cells not due to alcohol abuse.
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Metabolic and genetic risks of development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients after liver transplantation and its impact on patient and graft survival
Míková, Irena ; Trunečka, Pavel (advisor) ; Červinková, Zuzana (referee) ; Brůha, Radan (referee)
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) occurs frequently not only in the general population, but also in liver transplant (LT) recipients. The data about prevalence, evolution, causes and significance of steatosis in patients after LT are limited. In a large retrospective study in LT recipients with histological evaluation of steatosis, we found high prevalence of steatosis (56,4 %) and steatohepatitis (10,4 %), the prevalence of steatosis increased after LT. Pretransplant predictors of steatosis included alcoholic cirrhosis and high BMI, whereas increased alkaline phosphatase and mycophenolate mofetil given initially were protective. Posttransplant predictors of steatosis included BMI, serum triglycerides, alcohol consumption and presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, whereas increased serum creatinine was protective. Presence of significant steatosis/steatohepatitis was not associated with increased grade of fibrosis. There was no difference between the occurrence of steatosis in surviving and lost grafts. Survival of patients with/without significant steatosis was similar with a trend to higher long-term mortality of patients with significant steatosis. In the evaluation of the impact of TM6SF2 rs58542926 and PNPLA3 rs738409 genotypes of the donor and recipient on pathophysiology of steatosis...
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Functional fitness and Vit. D levels in patients with hepatopathy
Brtková, Helena ; Novák, František (advisor) ; Meisnerová, Eva (referee)
Introduction: patients with hepatopathy are at risk of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D levels affect, among other things, metabolism and physiological functions of muscle tissue and thus functional fitness. The aim of this study is to assess muscle mass and strength in relation to vitamin D levels and other factors that affect functional physical fitness in patients with cirrhosis, compared to a control group of patients without hepatopathy and other chronic comorbidities. Methods: 11 patients with liver cirrhosis were enrolled in an observational cohort study compared with 11 controls without chronic comorbidities. Anthropometric and bioimpedance measurements were performed, functional tests, the 6MWT 6-minute walk test, hand grip strength assessment and calorimetry examination were also evaluated, and laboratory parameters were assessed. Study participants completed the CLDQ test, which assessed the quality of life of people with liver disease. Respondents answered questions regarding lifestyle, eating habits, physical activity and functional physical fitness. For patients with cirrhosis, the Child Pugh score and MELD score were used to assess the progression of cirrhosis. Results. At the time of the study, the vast majority of patients had a compensated form of liver cirrhosis, Child Pugh A...
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The food intake comparison of the patients with the metabolic syndrome with or without hepatosteatosis/steatohepatitis
Štičková, Zdeňka ; Macášek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Meisnerová, Eva (referee)
Introduction: The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare the food intake in patients with metabolic syndrome who also have Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) or Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatis (NASH). The main focus of this thesis is to observe the differences in eating habits of three different groups of patients. The first group is made up of patients with metabolic syndrome with liver steatosis (NAFLD), this group also includes two patients with metabolic syndrome without steatosis. The second group are patients with steatohepatitis (NASH). The third group are patients with normal BMI as well as obese people without any metabolic disease. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part covers the definition, causes, individual constituents, complications, prevention and therapy of the metabolic syndrome, steatosis and steatohepatitis. The practical part evaluates the diet and the eating habits of people with metabolic syndrome and the differences between patients with and without steatohepatitis. Methods: Quantitative research using questionnaires. The research group were patients from the lipid and hepatological outpatient department of the IV. Internal clinic of the General Faculty hospital in Prague. The critical discussion compares the results...
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The food intake comparison of the patients with the metabolic syndrome with or without hepatosteatosis/steatohepatitis
Štičková, Zdeňka ; Macášek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Meisnerová, Eva (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare the food intake in patients with metabolic syndrome, who suffer from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to find out differences in the diet of different groups of patients comprising patients with simple obesity, patients with metabolic syndrome without steatosis, patients with metabolic syndrome with steatosis and patients with metabolic syndrome complicated by steatohepatitis. This thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part introduces metabolic syndrome, its definition, occurrence, etiology, complications and its prevention and treatment. The topics about pathophysiology of the liver and the definition of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis are also covered. Methods: The practical part is a quantitative research in the form of questionnaires made at the 4th Internal Department at the General University Hospital in Prague. The patients met the criteria of the mentioned symptoms or diseases. The thesis compares the data from literature with the responses of the patients. We explored the question of the diet composed for example by regular intake of fermented milk products, selenium, green tea or...
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