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The status of the state prosecutor in preparatory criminal proceedings
Králová, Nicola ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vokoun, Rudolf (referee)
The status of the state prosecutor in preparatory criminal proceedings Abstract The topic of the thesis is "The status of the state prosecutor in preparatory criminal proceedings". This issue is still relevant not only in the area of the criminal law, but also from the point of view of the public. Given the importance of the role of the Public Prosecutor's Office in a democratic state governed by the rule of law, it is necessary for the legislation, which governs the competences of the Public Prosecutor's Office, to respect the present needs of the public. The above mentioned issues resulted in discussion regarding recodification of the criminal proceedings and the Act on the Public Prosecutor's Office. However, the preparation of the new legislation must not overlook possible negatives of an innovative approach. It cannot be assumed that there would be full consensus on all aspects of the legal status of the state prosecutor, but the recodification must not cause systemic failure and paralysis of the state prosecutor's competences. The first chapter deals with the historical development of the Public Prosecutor's Office in the Europe with a focus on Czech territory. The following chapter focuses on the current regulation of the Public Prosecutor's Office in the Czech Republic. It also deals with the power...
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The public prosecutor in a pre-trial proceedings
Hájek, Jaroslav ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
The public prosecutor in a pre-trial criminal proceedings Abstract The Diploma thesis is concerned with the role of a Public Prosecutor in pre-trial criminal proceedings. The opening part of the thesis introduces the Public Prosecutor's office as a system of authorities of a state, which is established to defend a public interest in criminal proceedings. In this part of the Diploma thesis deals with the scope of authority of the Public Prosecutor's office, the framework of the Public Prosecutor's office and with the questionable issues of the position of the Public Prosecutor's office according to the Constitution of the Czech Republic and the independence of the Public Prosecutor's office. The opening part of the thesis also covers a brief definition of the term the pre-trial criminal proceedings since the core of the activity of the Public Prosecutor lies in this stage of criminal proceedings. The following parts of the thesis are dedicated to a detailed analysis of a role of a Public Prosecutor in pre-trial criminal proceedings based on the valid legislation of the Czech Republic. First, the author deals with general issues of the role of Public Prosecutor in pre-trial criminal proceedings. The Public Prosecutor performs a supervision in pre-trial criminal proceedins. The supervision in preparatory...
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Public Prosecutor in Preparatory Criminal Proceedings
Chejstovská, Nicole ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
1 Abstract The aim of this Diploma thesis is to analyse in the most comprehensive way the status, authority and operation of the Public Prosecutor in Preparatory Criminal Proceedings as well as related disputable issues. The investigation of all criminal offenses, the prosecution of persons who have committed them and the supervision over the compliance with the law in the pre-trial proceedings are the core competencies of the prosecutor throughout the criminal proceedings. A public prosecutor, also known as dominus litis or "master of preliminary criminal proceedings", is responsible for the results of the preparatory criminal proceedings, and it is he who puts forward the accusation to court or decides to terminate the prosecution in the preliminary criminal proceedings. The thesis is divided into five main parts which logically follow and are interconnected. The first part is dedicated to the history of the institute of public prosecution, whose current form has been shaped by years of evolution. In the second part, the reader is broadly acquainted with the Public Prosecutor's office. The main points of this part are the disputable constitutional delimitation, the transformation of the Public Prosecutor's office after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia, the current structure, its administration and...
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To Be a Lawyer - Theory and Practice of Professional Ethics of Chosen Legal Professions in the Czech Republic
Friedel, Tomáš ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Maršálek, Pavel (referee) ; Večeřa, Miloš (referee)
The dissertation thesis To Be a Lawyer - Theory and Practice of Professional Ethics of Chosen Legal Professions in the Czech Republic aims to strengthen (currently rather weak) discussion about professional ethics in the Czech Republic. The first part introduces elemental terminology of the topic which enables easier understanding of second and third part. The second part is devoted to the presentation of results of researches regarding the analysis of judgements issued by Czech disciplinary authorities on judges', state attorneys' and lawyers' discipline. The last part demonstrates how professional ethics scrutiny operates in a real-life situation. A judicial usage of social media serves as an example of such situation (or more precisely of such scrutiny). Arguments for and against the judicial usage of social media are articulated and based in a weighting of the arguments final decision is taken.
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The role of state prosecutor in preparatory criminal proceedings
Kroftová, Tereza ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
This thesis on the topic of The role of the state prosecutor in the preparatory criminal proceedings is trying comprehensively discuss about activities of the state prosecutor in the preparatory criminal proceedings and possibly to point out individual legal shortcomings. The state prosecutor is an important factor and at the same time party of criminal proceedings. The state prosecutor has irreplaceable role in criminal proceedings, because with it is activities affects preparatory criminal proceedings. The role of the state prosecutor in the preliminary criminal proceedings is crucial because it is he, who bears responsibility for its results. The state prosecutor acts in preparatory criminal proceedings as a so-called dominus litis and has against the police very extensive powers. This thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with historical development of Public Prosecutor's Office in the Czech lands since its inception into the present. The second chapter is devoted to the Public Prosecutor's Office and consists of several parts. Is dedicated to definition of the state prosecution, its organization and scope. This chapter also contains major actions of state prosecution and the view of German legislation of the Public Prosecutor's Office. In the focus of this thesis there...
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The role of public prosecutor in the preparatory criminal proceedings
Blagodárná, Ivana ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
The role of public prosecutor in the preparatory criminal proceedings The thesis on The role of public prosecutor in the preparatory criminal proceedings attempts to comprehensively analyse the role and activities of the public prosecutor in the criminal proceedings. The public prosecutor is the significant subject and also the party in the criminal proceedings. His role in the criminal proceedings is irreplaceable and he is able to fundamentally affect the preparatory criminal proceedings through his activities. It depends on him whether the accused will be bring to court or the case will be already terminated in the preparatory criminal proceedings. The paper is dividend into four chapters. The first chapter outlines the historical development of the public accusation in the Czech lands from the the beginning until the present. As the thesis deals with the role of public prosecutor in the preparatory criminal proceedings, so the second chapter deals with the preparatory criminal proceedings and it describes its aim, kinds, periods and functions. The third chapter deals with the role and the competence of the public prosecution in the Czech legal system. There are defined basic principles and rules of the activities of the individual public prosecutors. The fourth chapter represent the very core of...
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An agreement on guilt and punishment
Pospíšilová, Aneta ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
An agreement on guilt and punishment The presented thesis deals with the relatively new institute of the criminal procedure, namely the agreement on guilt and punishment (hereinafter also referred to as "agreement") that was implemented into Czech law by an amendment of the Code of Criminal Procedure, namely by the Act no. 193/2012 Sb., effective from 1 September 2012. The introductory chapter deals with a closer description of the agreement on guilt and punishment. The author presents first available definitions of the agreement and points up its questionable classification as one of the so called "deviations" from the regular criminal procedure. The thesis evaluates the harmonization of this institute with the basic principles of criminal procedure, the fulfilment of which is decisive for the typical character of the continental criminal procedure. In this chapter, the thesis also deals with the question whether the agreed sanction is capable of fulfilling the purpose of punishment as such. The second chapter of the thesis is focused on the prerequisites that are necessary for the prosecutor and the accused to be allowed to enter into the agreement on guilt and punishment. Further, the chapter elaborates on the negotiation process and legal requisites of the agreement. Last but not least, the...
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The prosecuting attorney and the police in pre-trial proceedings
Borovička, Lukáš ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Herczeg, Jiří (referee)
The topic of this thesis is "The prosecuting attorney and the police in pre-trial proceedings". It has purpose to inform interested persons about legal regulations of pre-trial proceedings, purpose, function and methods of prosecuting attorney and the police. After short introduction subsequent chapter one deals with term "the police" including legal regulations of this term in Code of criminal procedure and common commentary. Characterization and explanation of term "the prosecuting attorney" in chapter two also delas with legal regulations of his function and role in pre-trial proceedings as well as with general characterization. Following chapter shortly explains some selected basic fundamentals or principles of criminal law and especially those principles used mainly in pre-trial proceedings. The term "pre-trial proceeding" is explained in chapter five including all of phases and forms of pre-trial proceedings. The core of the thesis is situated into chapter six, which deals with the present legal regulation of preliminary criminal procedure, especially role of the police and prosecuting attorney. In chapter seven there is a brief explanation of shortened preparatory criminal proceedings. In ending chapter I tried to give a summary and I also mentioned some problems of application of current...
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Comparative analysis of the legislation concerning Czech and French "magistrature" and analysis of the relevant French legal terminology
TALÍŘOVÁ, Marta
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to describe the legal regulation of the professions of judge and public prosecutor in Czech Republic and in France and to compare them and find their common features and differences. The secondary aim is to analyze the applied French legal terminology. The thesis is divided into six major chapters which are further divided into sub-chapters. The first chapter inroduces the most important legal professions in the Czech Republic and in France and the second chapter presents the laws which regulate the positions of judges and public prosecutors in the two countries. The third chapter focuses on a detailed description of the legal regulation of the profession of judge in the Czech Republic and in France. The fourth chapter is dedicated to the description of the legal regulation of the profession of public prosecutor in both countries. The fifth chapter deals with a comparison between the two professions in both countries based on the information from the previous chapters. In the last chapter an analysis of the relevant French legal terminology is made and a French-Czech glossary compiled. The thesis is concluded with a summary in French language.
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Procedures for the appointment and removal of the Attorney General: Study 5.313
Kavěna, Martin ; Bartáková, Petra ; Břečková, Kateřina
Komparaci způsobů jmenování a odvolání nejvyšších státních zástupců v různých státech nelze učinit jednoduchým srovnáním procesních ustanovení. Jednotlivé právní řády se výrazně liší jednak v pravomocích, které vykonávají státní zastupitelství, v odlišných hierarchických modelech úřadů státních zastupitelství, ale i v koncepčním zařazení státního zastupitelství do moci soudní nebo do moci výkonné. Práce přináší přehled způsobu jmenování a odvolávání státních zástupců a uvádí je do širšího kontextu v dané zemi.
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